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Bootstrap 功能強(qiáng)大的響應(yīng)式導(dǎo)航標(biāo)題和導(dǎo)航欄的文檔和示例。包括對(duì)品牌,導(dǎo)航等的支持,包括對(duì)我們的折疊插件的支持。
以下是開始使用導(dǎo)航欄之前需要了解的內(nèi)容:
導(dǎo)航欄需要用.navbar-expand{-sm|-md|-lg|-xl}
包裝.navbar
的響應(yīng)倒塌和顏色方案的類。
導(dǎo)航欄及其內(nèi)容默認(rèn)為流暢的。使用可選容器限制其水平寬度。
使用我們的間距和柔性工具類來(lái)控制 navbars 中的間距和對(duì)齊。
導(dǎo)航欄默認(rèn)情況下是響應(yīng)式的,但您可以輕松修改它們來(lái)改變它。響應(yīng)行為取決于我們的 Collapse JavaScript 插件。
打印時(shí),導(dǎo)航欄默認(rèn)為隱藏狀態(tài)。強(qiáng)制他們打印通過(guò)添加.d-print
到.navbar
。請(qǐng)參閱顯示實(shí)用程序類。
確保使用<nav>
元素的可訪問(wèn)性,或者如果使用更通用的元素,如<div>
,請(qǐng)將每個(gè)導(dǎo)航欄添加role="navigation"
為明確標(biāo)識(shí)為輔助技術(shù)用戶的地標(biāo)區(qū)域。
請(qǐng)閱讀有關(guān)支持的子組件的示例和列表。
Navbars 內(nèi)置了對(duì)少數(shù)子組件的支持。根據(jù)需要選擇:
.navbar-brand
為您的公司,產(chǎn)品或項(xiàng)目名稱。
.navbar-nav
用于全高和輕量級(jí)導(dǎo)航(包括對(duì)下拉菜單的支持)。
.navbar-toggler
用于我們的折疊插件和其他導(dǎo)航切換行為。
.form-inline
用于任何形式控制和操作。
.navbar-text
用于添加垂直居中的文本字符串。
.collapse.navbar-collapse
通過(guò)父斷點(diǎn)來(lái)分組和隱藏導(dǎo)航欄內(nèi)容。
下面是一個(gè)響應(yīng)式光主題導(dǎo)航欄中包含的所有子組件的示例,該導(dǎo)航欄在lg
(大)斷點(diǎn)處自動(dòng)崩潰。
<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light bg-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Navbar</a> <button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarSupportedContent" aria-controls="navbarSupportedContent" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation"> <span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span> </button> <div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="navbarSupportedContent"> <ul class="navbar-nav mr-auto"> <li class="nav-item active"> <a class="nav-link" href="#">Home <span class="sr-only">(current)</span></a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a> </li> <li class="nav-item dropdown"> <a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" href="#" id="navbarDropdown" role="button" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false"> Dropdown </a> <div class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="navbarDropdown"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a> <div class="dropdown-divider"></div> <a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a> </div> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link disabled" href="#">Disabled</a> </li> </ul> <form class="form-inline my-2 my-lg-0"> <input class="form-control mr-sm-2" type="search" placeholder="Search" aria-label="Search"> <button class="btn btn-outline-success my-2 my-sm-0" type="submit">Search</button> </form> </div></nav>
本例使用的顏色(bg-light
)和間距(my-2
,my-lg-0
,mr-sm-0
,my-sm-0
)的工具類。
.navbar-brand
可應(yīng)用于大部分元素,但是錨效果最好的一些元素可能需要的工具類或自定義樣式。
<!-- As a link --><nav class="navbar navbar-light bg-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Navbar</a></nav><!-- As a heading --><nav class="navbar navbar-light bg-light"> <span class="navbar-brand mb-0 h1">Navbar</span></nav>
將圖像添加到.navbar-brand
可能總是需要自定義樣式或?qū)嵱贸绦虿拍苓m當(dāng)調(diào)整大小。下面是一些要演示的示例。
<!-- Just an image --><nav class="navbar navbar-light bg-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="#"> <img src="/assets/brand/bootstrap-solid.svg" width="30" height="30" alt=""> </a></nav>
<!-- Image and text --><nav class="navbar navbar-light bg-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="#"> <img src="/assets/brand/bootstrap-solid.svg" width="30" height="30" class="d-inline-block align-top" alt=""> Bootstrap </a></nav>
Navbar 導(dǎo)航鏈接基于我們的.nav
選項(xiàng)和他們自己的修飾符類,并且需要使用切換器類來(lái)提供正確的響應(yīng)式樣式。導(dǎo)航欄中的導(dǎo)航也將越來(lái)越占用盡可能多的水平空間,以保持導(dǎo)航欄內(nèi)容的安全對(duì)齊。
活動(dòng)狀態(tài).active
- 指示當(dāng)前頁(yè)面可以直接應(yīng)用于.nav-link
s或其直接父級(jí).nav-item
。
<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light bg-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Navbar</a> <button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarNav" aria-controls="navbarNav" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation"> <span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span> </button> <div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="navbarNav"> <ul class="navbar-nav"> <li class="nav-item active"> <a class="nav-link" href="#">Home <span class="sr-only">(current)</span></a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="#">Features</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="#">Pricing</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link disabled" href="#">Disabled</a> </li> </ul> </div></nav>
而且因?yàn)槲覀優(yōu)閷?dǎo)航使用類,所以如果您愿意,可以完全避免使用基于列表的方法。
<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light bg-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Navbar</a> <button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarNavAltMarkup" aria-controls="navbarNavAltMarkup" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation"> <span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span> </button> <div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="navbarNavAltMarkup"> <div class="navbar-nav"> <a class="nav-item nav-link active" href="#">Home <span class="sr-only">(current)</span></a> <a class="nav-item nav-link" href="#">Features</a> <a class="nav-item nav-link" href="#">Pricing</a> <a class="nav-item nav-link disabled" href="#">Disabled</a> </div> </div></nav>
您也可以在導(dǎo)航欄導(dǎo)航中使用下拉菜單。下拉菜單需要用于定位的纏繞元件,所以一定要使用單獨(dú)的和嵌套的元素.nav-item
和.nav-link
,如下所示。
<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light bg-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Navbar</a> <button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarNavDropdown" aria-controls="navbarNavDropdown" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation"> <span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span> </button> <div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="navbarNavDropdown"> <ul class="navbar-nav"> <li class="nav-item active"> <a class="nav-link" href="#">Home <span class="sr-only">(current)</span></a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="#">Features</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="#">Pricing</a> </li> <li class="nav-item dropdown"> <a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" href="#" id="navbarDropdownMenuLink" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false"> Dropdown link </a> <div class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="navbarDropdownMenuLink"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Action</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Another action</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Something else here</a> </div> </li> </ul> </div></nav>
使用.form-inline
在導(dǎo)航欄中放置各種表單控件和組件。
<nav class="navbar navbar-light bg-light"> <form class="form-inline"> <input class="form-control mr-sm-2" type="search" placeholder="Search" aria-label="Search"> <button class="btn btn-outline-success my-2 my-sm-0" type="submit">Search</button> </form></nav>
根據(jù)需要將內(nèi)聯(lián)表單的內(nèi)容與實(shí)用程序?qū)R。
<nav class="navbar navbar-light bg-light justify-content-between"> <a class="navbar-brand">Navbar</a> <form class="form-inline"> <input class="form-control mr-sm-2" type="search" placeholder="Search" aria-label="Search"> <button class="btn btn-outline-success my-2 my-sm-0" type="submit">Search</button> </form></nav>
輸入組也可以工作:
<nav class="navbar navbar-light bg-light"> <form class="form-inline"> <div class="input-group"> <span class="input-group-addon" id="basic-addon1">@</span> <input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="Username" aria-label="Username" aria-describedby="basic-addon1"> </div> </form></nav>
作為這些導(dǎo)航欄形式的一部分,也支持各種按鈕。這也是一個(gè)很好的提示,即垂直對(duì)齊工具可以用來(lái)對(duì)齊不同大小的元素。
<nav class="navbar navbar-light bg-light"> <form class="form-inline"> <button class="btn btn-outline-success" type="button">Main button</button> <button class="btn btn-sm align-middle btn-outline-secondary" type="button">Smaller button</button> </form></nav>
導(dǎo)航欄可能會(huì)在.navbar-text
幫助下包含一些文本。該類為文本字符串調(diào)整垂直對(duì)齊和水平間距。
<nav class="navbar navbar-light bg-light"> <span class="navbar-text"> Navbar text with an inline element </span></nav>
根據(jù)需要混合并匹配其他組件和實(shí)用程序。
<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light bg-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Navbar w/ text</a> <button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarText" aria-controls="navbarText" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation"> <span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span> </button> <div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="navbarText"> <ul class="navbar-nav mr-auto"> <li class="nav-item active"> <a class="nav-link" href="#">Home <span class="sr-only">(current)</span></a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="#">Features</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="#">Pricing</a> </li> </ul> <span class="navbar-text"> Navbar text with an inline element </span> </div></nav>
由于主題類和background-color
實(shí)用程序的組合,導(dǎo)航導(dǎo)航欄從未如此簡(jiǎn)單。選擇.navbar-light
用于淺色背景色或.navbar-dark
用于深色背景色。然后,使用.bg-*
實(shí)用程序自定義
<nav class="navbar navbar-dark bg-dark"> <!-- Navbar content --></nav><nav class="navbar navbar-dark bg-primary"> <!-- Navbar content --></nav><nav class="navbar navbar-light" style="background-color: #e3f2fd;"> <!-- Navbar content --></nav>
盡管這不是必需的,但您可以將導(dǎo)航欄包裝.container
到一個(gè)頁(yè)面中,也可以在其中添加一個(gè),以便僅將固定頂部導(dǎo)航欄或靜態(tài)頂部導(dǎo)航欄的內(nèi)容居中。
<div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light bg-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Navbar</a> </nav></div>
當(dāng)容器在導(dǎo)航欄中時(shí),其橫向填充將在低于指定.navbar-expand{-sm|-md|-lg|-xl}
類別的斷點(diǎn)處移除。這可以確保在導(dǎo)航欄折疊時(shí),我們不會(huì)在較低視口上不必要地加倍填充。
<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light bg-light"> <div class="container"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Navbar</a> </div></nav>
使用我們的位置公用程序?qū)?dǎo)航欄放置在非靜態(tài)位置。從固定到頂部,固定到底部或粘到頂部(與頁(yè)面滾動(dòng)直到到達(dá)頂部,然后停留在那里)。固定導(dǎo)航欄使用position: fixed
,這意味著他們從 DOM 的正常流動(dòng)和拉可能需要自定義的 CSS(例如,padding-top
上<body>
),以防止重疊與其他元素。
另請(qǐng)注意,使用**,[在每個(gè)瀏覽器**中都不完全支持](https://caniuse.com/#feat=css-sticky)。.sticky-top
position: sticky
<nav class="navbar navbar-light bg-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Default</a></nav>
<nav class="navbar fixed-top navbar-light bg-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Fixed top</a></nav>
<nav class="navbar fixed-bottom navbar-light bg-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Fixed bottom</a></nav>
<nav class="navbar sticky-top navbar-light bg-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Sticky top</a></nav>
當(dāng)他們的內(nèi)容在按鈕后面崩潰時(shí),導(dǎo)航欄可以利用.navbar-toggler
,.navbar-collapse
和.navbar-expand{-sm|-md|-lg|-xl}
類進(jìn)行更改。結(jié)合其他實(shí)用程序,您可以輕松選擇何時(shí)顯示或隱藏特定元素。
對(duì)于永不崩潰.navbar-expand
的導(dǎo)航欄,請(qǐng)?jiān)趯?dǎo)航欄上添加該類。對(duì)于總是崩潰的導(dǎo)航欄,請(qǐng)勿添加任何.navbar-expand
課程。
Navbar 的切換器默認(rèn)是左對(duì)齊的,但是它們應(yīng)該像一個(gè).navbar-brand
一樣遵循一個(gè)兄弟元素,它們會(huì)自動(dòng)對(duì)齊到最右邊。反轉(zhuǎn)你的標(biāo)記會(huì)顛倒切換器的位置。以下是不同切換樣式的示例。
沒(méi)有.navbar-brand
顯示在最低的斷點(diǎn):
<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light bg-light"> <button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarTogglerDemo01" aria-controls="navbarTogglerDemo01" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation"> <span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span> </button> <div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="navbarTogglerDemo01"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Hidden brand</a> <ul class="navbar-nav mr-auto mt-2 mt-lg-0"> <li class="nav-item active"> <a class="nav-link" href="#">Home <span class="sr-only">(current)</span></a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link disabled" href="#">Disabled</a> </li> </ul> <form class="form-inline my-2 my-lg-0"> <input class="form-control mr-sm-2" type="search" placeholder="Search" aria-label="Search"> <button class="btn btn-outline-success my-2 my-sm-0" type="submit">Search</button> </form> </div></nav>
品牌名稱顯示在左側(cè),右側(cè)顯示切換器:
<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light bg-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Navbar</a> <button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarTogglerDemo02" aria-controls="navbarTogglerDemo02" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation"> <span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span> </button> <div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="navbarTogglerDemo02"> <ul class="navbar-nav mr-auto mt-2 mt-lg-0"> <li class="nav-item active"> <a class="nav-link" href="#">Home <span class="sr-only">(current)</span></a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link disabled" href="#">Disabled</a> </li> </ul> <form class="form-inline my-2 my-lg-0"> <input class="form-control mr-sm-2" type="search" placeholder="Search"> <button class="btn btn-outline-success my-2 my-sm-0" type="submit">Search</button> </form> </div></nav>
在左邊有一個(gè)觸發(fā)器,右邊是品牌名稱:
<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light bg-light"> <button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarTogglerDemo03" aria-controls="navbarTogglerDemo03" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation"> <span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span> </button> <a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Navbar</a> <div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="navbarTogglerDemo03"> <ul class="navbar-nav mr-auto mt-2 mt-lg-0"> <li class="nav-item active"> <a class="nav-link" href="#">Home <span class="sr-only">(current)</span></a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="#">Link</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link disabled" href="#">Disabled</a> </li> </ul> <form class="form-inline my-2 my-lg-0"> <input class="form-control mr-sm-2" type="search" placeholder="Search" aria-label="Search"> <button class="btn btn-outline-success my-2 my-sm-0" type="submit">Search</button> </form> </div></nav>
有時(shí)您想使用折疊插件觸發(fā)頁(yè)面上其他地方的隱藏內(nèi)容。因?yàn)槲覀兊牟寮m用于id
和data-target
匹配,這很容易完成!
<div class="pos-f-t"> <div class="collapse" id="navbarToggleExternalContent"> <div class="bg-dark p-4"> <h4 class="text-white">Collapsed content</h4> <span class="text-muted">Toggleable via the navbar brand.</span> </div> </div> <nav class="navbar navbar-dark bg-dark"> <button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarToggleExternalContent" aria-controls="navbarToggleExternalContent" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation"> <span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span> </button> </nav></div>