前言
何為PostgreSQL？
PostgreSQL簡史
格式約定
更多信息
臭蟲匯報(bào)指導(dǎo)
I. 教程
章1. 從頭開始
1.1. 安裝
1.2. 體系基本概念
1.3. 創(chuàng)建一個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)庫
1.4. 訪問數(shù)據(jù)庫
章2. SQL語言
2.1. 介紹
2.2. 概念
2.3. 創(chuàng)建新表
2.4. 向表中添加行
2.5. 查詢一個(gè)表
2.6. 表間鏈接
2.7. 聚集函數(shù)
2.8. 更新
2.9. 刪除
章3. 高級(jí)特性
3.1. 介紹
3.2. 視圖
3.3. 外鍵
3.4. 事務(wù)
3.5. 窗口函數(shù)
3.6. 繼承
3.7. 結(jié)論
II. SQL語言
章4. SQL語法
4.1. 詞法結(jié)構(gòu)
4.2. 值表達(dá)式
4.3. 調(diào)用函數(shù)
章5. 數(shù)據(jù)定義
5.1. 表的基本概念
5.2. 缺省值
5.3. 約束
5.4. 系統(tǒng)字段
5.5. 修改表
5.6. 權(quán)限
5.7. 模式
5.8. 繼承
5.9. 分區(qū)
5.10. 其它數(shù)據(jù)庫對(duì)象
5.11. 依賴性跟蹤
章 6. 數(shù)據(jù)操作
6.1. 插入數(shù)據(jù)
6.2. 更新數(shù)據(jù)
6.3. 刪除數(shù)據(jù)
章7. 查詢
7.1. 概述
7.2. 表表達(dá)式
7.3. 選擇列表
7.4. 組合查詢
7.5. 行排序
7.6. LIMIT和OFFSET
7.7. VALUES列表
7.8. WITH的查詢（公用表表達(dá)式）
章8. 數(shù)據(jù)類型
8.1. 數(shù)值類型
8.2. 貨幣類型
8.3. 字符類型
8.4. 二進(jìn)制數(shù)據(jù)類型
8.5. 日期/時(shí)間類型
8.6. 布爾類型
8.7. 枚舉類型
8.8. 幾何類型
8.9. 網(wǎng)絡(luò)地址類型
8.10. 位串類型
8.11. 文本搜索類型
8.12. UUID類型
8.13. XML類型
8.14. 數(shù)組
8.15. 復(fù)合類型
8.16. 對(duì)象標(biāo)識(shí)符類型
8.17. 偽類型
章 9. 函數(shù)和操作符
9.1. 邏輯操作符
9.2. 比較操作符
9.3. 數(shù)學(xué)函數(shù)和操作符
9.4. 字符串函數(shù)和操作符
9.5. 二進(jìn)制字符串函數(shù)和操作符
9.6. 位串函數(shù)和操作符
9.7. 模式匹配
9.8. 數(shù)據(jù)類型格式化函數(shù)
9.9. 時(shí)間/日期函數(shù)和操作符
9.10. 支持枚舉函數(shù)
9.11. 幾何函數(shù)和操作符
9.12. 網(wǎng)絡(luò)地址函數(shù)和操作符
9.13. 文本檢索函數(shù)和操作符
9.14. XML函數(shù)
9.15. 序列操作函數(shù)
9.16. 條件表達(dá)式
9.17. 數(shù)組函數(shù)和操作符
9.18. 聚合函數(shù)
9.19. 窗口函數(shù)
9.20. 子查詢表達(dá)式
9.21. 行和數(shù)組比較
9.22. 返回集合的函數(shù)
9.23. 系統(tǒng)信息函數(shù)
9.24. 系統(tǒng)管理函數(shù)
9.25. 觸發(fā)器函數(shù)
章10. 類型轉(zhuǎn)換
10.3. 函數(shù)
10.2. 操作符
10.1. 概述
10.4. 值存儲(chǔ)
10.5. UNION
章11. 索引
11.1. 介紹
11.2. 索引類型
11.3. 多字段索引
11.4. 索引和ORDER BY
11.5. 組合多個(gè)索引
11.6. 唯一索引
11.7. 表達(dá)式上的索引
11.8. 部分索引
11.9. 操作類和操作簇
11.10. 檢查索引的使用
章12. Full Text Search
12.1. Introduction
12.2. Tables and Indexes
12.3. Controlling Text Search
12.4. Additional Features
12.5. Parsers
12.6. Dictionaries
12.7. Configuration Example
12.8. Testing and Debugging Text Search
12.9. GiST and GIN Index Types
12.10. psql Support
12.11. Limitations
12.12. Migration from Pre-8.3 Text Search
章13. 并發(fā)控制
13.1. 介紹
13.2. 事務(wù)隔離
13.3. 明確鎖定
13.4. 應(yīng)用層數(shù)據(jù)完整性檢查
13.5. 鎖和索引
章14. 性能提升技巧
14.1. 使用EXPLAIN
14.2. 規(guī)劃器使用的統(tǒng)計(jì)信息
14.3. 用明確的JOIN語句控制規(guī)劃器
14.4. 向數(shù)據(jù)庫中添加記錄
14.5. 非持久性設(shè)置
III. 服務(wù)器管理
章15. 安裝指導(dǎo)
15.1. 簡版
15.2. 要求
15.3. 獲取源碼
15.4. 升級(jí)
15.5. 安裝過程
15.6. 安裝后的設(shè)置
15.7. 支持的平臺(tái)
15.8. 特殊平臺(tái)的要求
章16. Installation from Source Code on Windows
16.1. Building with Visual C++ or the Platform SDK
16.2. Building libpq with Visual C++ or Borland C++
章17. 服務(wù)器安裝和操作
17.1. PostgreSQL用戶帳戶
17.2. 創(chuàng)建數(shù)據(jù)庫集群
17.3. 啟動(dòng)數(shù)據(jù)庫服務(wù)器
17.4. 管理內(nèi)核資源
17.5. 關(guān)閉服務(wù)
17.6. 防止服務(wù)器欺騙
17.7. 加密選項(xiàng)
17.8. 用SSL進(jìn)行安全的TCP/IP連接
17.9. Secure TCP/IP Connections with SSH Tunnels
章18. 服務(wù)器配置
18.1. 設(shè)置參數(shù)
18.2. 文件位置
18.3. 連接和認(rèn)證
18.4. 資源消耗
18.5. 預(yù)寫式日志
18.6. 查詢規(guī)劃
18.7. 錯(cuò)誤報(bào)告和日志
18.8. 運(yùn)行時(shí)統(tǒng)計(jì)
18.9. 自動(dòng)清理
18.10. 客戶端連接缺省
18.12. 版本和平臺(tái)兼容性
18.11. 鎖管理
18.13. 預(yù)置選項(xiàng)
18.14. 自定義的選項(xiàng)
18.15. 開發(fā)人員選項(xiàng)
18.16. 短選項(xiàng)
章19. 用戶認(rèn)證
19.1. pg_hba.conf 文件
19.2. 用戶名映射
19.3. 認(rèn)證方法
19.4. 用戶認(rèn)證
章20. 數(shù)據(jù)庫角色和權(quán)限
20.1. 數(shù)據(jù)庫角色
20.2. 角色屬性
20.3. 權(quán)限
20.4. 角色成員
20.5. 函數(shù)和觸發(fā)器
章21. 管理數(shù)據(jù)庫
21.1. 概述
21.2. 創(chuàng)建一個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)庫
21.3. 臨時(shí)庫
21.4. 數(shù)據(jù)庫配置
21.5. 刪除數(shù)據(jù)庫
21.6. 表空間
章22. 本土化
22.1. 區(qū)域支持
22.2. 字符集支持
章23. 日常數(shù)據(jù)庫維護(hù)工作
23.1. Routine Vacuuming日常清理
23.2. 經(jīng)常重建索引
23.3. 日志文件維護(hù)
章24. 備份和恢復(fù)
24.1. SQL轉(zhuǎn)儲(chǔ)
24.2. 文件系統(tǒng)級(jí)別的備份
24.3. 在線備份以及即時(shí)恢復(fù)(PITR)
24.4. 版本間遷移
章25. 高可用性與負(fù)載均衡，復(fù)制
25.1. 不同解決方案的比較
25.2. 日志傳送備份服務(wù)器
25.3. 失效切換
25.4. 日志傳送的替代方法
25.5. 熱備
章26. 恢復(fù)配置
26.1. 歸檔恢復(fù)設(shè)置
26.2. 恢復(fù)目標(biāo)設(shè)置
26.3. 備服務(wù)器設(shè)置
章27. 監(jiān)控?cái)?shù)據(jù)庫的活動(dòng)
27.1. 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)Unix工具
27.2. 統(tǒng)計(jì)收集器
27.3. 查看鎖
27.4. 動(dòng)態(tài)跟蹤
章28. 監(jiān)控磁盤使用情況
28.1. 判斷磁盤的使用量
28.2. 磁盤滿導(dǎo)致的失效
章29. 可靠性和預(yù)寫式日志
29.1. 可靠性
29.2. 預(yù)寫式日志(WAL)
29.3. 異步提交
29.4. WAL配置
29.5. WAL內(nèi)部
章30. Regression Tests
30.1. Running the Tests
30.2. Test Evaluation
30.3. Variant Comparison Files
30.4. Test Coverage Examination
IV. 客戶端接口
章31. libpq-C庫
31.1. 數(shù)據(jù)庫聯(lián)接函數(shù)
31.2. 連接狀態(tài)函數(shù)
31.3. 命令執(zhí)行函數(shù)
31.4. 異步命令處理
31.5. 取消正在處理的查詢
31.6. 捷徑接口
31.7. 異步通知
31.8. 與COPY命令相關(guān)的函數(shù)
31.9. Control Functions 控制函數(shù)
31.10. 其他函數(shù)
31.11. 注意信息處理
31.12. 事件系統(tǒng)
31.13. 環(huán)境變量
31.14. 口令文件
31.15. 連接服務(wù)的文件
31.16. LDAP查找連接參數(shù)
31.17. SSL支持
31.18. 在多線程程序里的行為
31.19. 制作libpq程序
31.20. 例子程序
章32. 大對(duì)象
32.1. 介紹
32.2. 實(shí)現(xiàn)特點(diǎn)
32.3. 客戶端接口
32.4. 服務(wù)器端函數(shù)
32.5. 例子程序
章33. ECPG - Embedded SQL in C
33.1. The Concept
33.2. Connecting to the Database Server
33.3. Closing a Connection
33.4. Running SQL Commands
33.5. Choosing a Connection
33.6. Using Host Variables
33.7. Dynamic SQL
33.8. pgtypes library
33.9. Using Descriptor Areas
33.10. Informix compatibility mode
33.11. Error Handling
33.12. Preprocessor directives
33.13. Processing Embedded SQL Programs
33.14. Library Functions
33.15. Internals
章34. 信息模式
34.1. 關(guān)于這個(gè)模式
34.2. 數(shù)據(jù)類型
34.3. information_schema_catalog_name
34.4. administrable_role_authorizations
34.5. applicable_roles
34.6. attributes
34.7. check_constraint_routine_usage
34.8. check_constraints
34.9. column_domain_usage
34.10. column_privileges
34.11. column_udt_usage
34.12. 字段
34.13. constraint_column_usage
34.14. constraint_table_usage
34.15. data_type_privileges
34.16. domain_constraints
34.18. domains
34.17. domain_udt_usage
34.19. element_types
34.20. enabled_roles
34.21. foreign_data_wrapper_options
34.22. foreign_data_wrappers
34.23. foreign_server_options
34.24. foreign_servers
34.25. key_column_usage
34.26. parameters
34.27. referential_constraints
34.28. role_column_grants
34.29. role_routine_grants
34.30. role_table_grants
34.31. role_usage_grants
34.32. routine_privileges
34.33. routines
34.34. schemata
34.35. sequences
34.36. sql_features
34.37. sql_implementation_info
34.38. sql_languages
34.39. sql_packages
34.40. sql_parts
34.41. sql_sizing
34.42. sql_sizing_profiles
34.43. table_constraints
34.44. table_privileges
34.45. tables
34.46. triggered_update_columns
34.47. 觸發(fā)器
34.48. usage_privileges
34.49. user_mapping_options
34.50. user_mappings
34.51. view_column_usage
34.52. view_routine_usage
34.53. view_table_usage
34.54. 視圖
V. 服務(wù)器端編程
章35. 擴(kuò)展SQL
35.1. 擴(kuò)展性是如何實(shí)現(xiàn)的
35.2. PostgreSQL類型系統(tǒng)
35.3. User-Defined Functions
35.4. Query Language (SQL) Functions
35.5. Function Overloading
35.6. Function Volatility Categories
35.7. Procedural Language Functions
35.8. Internal Functions
35.9. C-Language Functions
35.10. User-Defined Aggregates
35.11. User-Defined Types
35.12. User-Defined Operators
35.13. Operator Optimization Information
35.14. Interfacing Extensions To Indexes
35.15. 用C++擴(kuò)展
章36. 觸發(fā)器
36.1. 觸發(fā)器行為概述
36.3. 用 C 寫觸發(fā)器
36.2. 數(shù)據(jù)改變的可視性
36.4. 一個(gè)完整的例子
章37. 規(guī)則系統(tǒng)
37.1. The Query Tree
37.2. 視圖和規(guī)則系統(tǒng)
37.3. 在INSERT，UPDATE和DELETE上的規(guī)則
37.4. 規(guī)則和權(quán)限
37.5. 規(guī)則和命令狀態(tài)
37.6. 規(guī)則與觸發(fā)器得比較
章38. Procedural Languages
38.1. Installing Procedural Languages
章39. PL/pgSQL - SQL過程語言
39.1. 概述
39.2. PL/pgSQL的結(jié)構(gòu)
39.3. 聲明
39.4. 表達(dá)式
39.5. 基本語句
39.6. 控制結(jié)構(gòu)
39.7. 游標(biāo)
39.8. 錯(cuò)誤和消息
39.9. 觸發(fā)器過程
39.10. PL/pgSQL Under the Hood
39.11. 開發(fā)PL/pgSQL的一些提示
39.12. 從OraclePL/SQL 進(jìn)行移植
章40. PL/Tcl - Tcl Procedural Language
40.1. Overview
40.2. PL/Tcl Functions and Arguments
40.3. Data Values in PL/Tcl
40.4. Global Data in PL/Tcl
40.5. Database Access from PL/Tcl
40.6. Trigger Procedures in PL/Tcl
40.7. Modules and the unknown command
40.8. Tcl Procedure Names
章41. PL/Perl - Perl Procedural Language
41.1. PL/Perl Functions and Arguments
41.2. Data Values in PL/Perl
41.3. Built-in Functions
41.4. Global Values in PL/Perl
41.6. PL/Perl Triggers
41.5. Trusted and Untrusted PL/Perl
41.7. PL/Perl Under the Hood
章42. PL/Python - Python Procedural Language
42.1. Python 2 vs. Python 3
42.2. PL/Python Functions
42.3. Data Values
42.4. Sharing Data
42.5. Anonymous Code Blocks
42.6. Trigger Functions
42.7. Database Access
42.8. Utility Functions
42.9. Environment Variables
章43. Server Programming Interface
43.1. Interface Functions
Spi-spi-connect
Spi-spi-finish
Spi-spi-push
Spi-spi-pop
Spi-spi-execute
Spi-spi-exec
Spi-spi-execute-with-args
Spi-spi-prepare
Spi-spi-prepare-cursor
Spi-spi-prepare-params
Spi-spi-getargcount
Spi-spi-getargtypeid
Spi-spi-is-cursor-plan
Spi-spi-execute-plan
Spi-spi-execute-plan-with-paramlist
Spi-spi-execp
Spi-spi-cursor-open
Spi-spi-cursor-open-with-args
Spi-spi-cursor-open-with-paramlist
Spi-spi-cursor-find
Spi-spi-cursor-fetch
Spi-spi-cursor-move
Spi-spi-scroll-cursor-fetch
Spi-spi-scroll-cursor-move
Spi-spi-cursor-close
Spi-spi-saveplan
43.2. Interface Support Functions
Spi-spi-fname
Spi-spi-fnumber
Spi-spi-getvalue
Spi-spi-getbinval
Spi-spi-gettype
Spi-spi-gettypeid
Spi-spi-getrelname
Spi-spi-getnspname
43.3. Memory Management
Spi-spi-palloc
Spi-realloc
Spi-spi-pfree
Spi-spi-copytuple
Spi-spi-returntuple
Spi-spi-modifytuple
Spi-spi-freetuple
Spi-spi-freetupletable
Spi-spi-freeplan
43.4. Visibility of Data Changes
43.5. Examples
VI. 參考手冊(cè)
I. SQL命令
Sql-abort
Sql-alteraggregate
Sql-alterconversion
Sql-alterdatabase
Sql-alterdefaultprivileges
Sql-alterdomain
Sql-alterforeigndatawrapper
Sql-alterfunction
Sql-altergroup
Sql-alterindex
Sql-alterlanguage
Sql-alterlargeobject
Sql-alteroperator
Sql-alteropclass
Sql-alteropfamily
Sql-alterrole
Sql-alterschema
Sql-altersequence
Sql-alterserver
Sql-altertable
Sql-altertablespace
Sql-altertsconfig
Sql-altertsdictionary
Sql-altertsparser
Sql-altertstemplate
Sql-altertrigger
Sql-altertype
Sql-alteruser
Sql-alterusermapping
Sql-alterview
Sql-analyze
Sql-begin
Sql-checkpoint
Sql-close
Sql-cluster
Sql-comment
Sql-commit
Sql-commit-prepared
Sql-copy
Sql-createaggregate
Sql-createcast
Sql-createconstraint
Sql-createconversion
Sql-createdatabase
Sql-createdomain
Sql-createforeigndatawrapper
Sql-createfunction
Sql-creategroup
Sql-createindex
Sql-createlanguage
Sql-createoperator
Sql-createopclass
Sql-createopfamily
Sql-createrole
Sql-createrule
Sql-createschema
Sql-createsequence
Sql-createserver
Sql-createtable
Sql-createtableas
Sql-createtablespace
Sql-createtsconfig
Sql-createtsdictionary
Sql-createtsparser
Sql-createtstemplate
Sql-createtrigger
Sql-createtype
Sql-createuser
Sql-createusermapping
Sql-createview
Sql-deallocate
Sql-declare
Sql-delete
Sql-discard
Sql-do
Sql-dropaggregate
Sql-dropcast
Sql-dropconversion
Sql-dropdatabase
Sql-dropdomain
Sql-dropforeigndatawrapper
Sql-dropfunction
Sql-dropgroup
Sql-dropindex
Sql-droplanguage
Sql-dropoperator
Sql-dropopclass
Sql-dropopfamily
Sql-drop-owned
Sql-droprole
Sql-droprule
Sql-dropschema
Sql-dropsequence
Sql-dropserver
Sql-droptable
Sql-droptablespace
Sql-droptsconfig
Sql-droptsdictionary
Sql-droptsparser
Sql-droptstemplate
Sql-droptrigger
Sql-droptype
Sql-dropuser
Sql-dropusermapping
Sql-dropview
Sql-end
Sql-execute
Sql-explain
Sql-fetch
Sql-grant
Sql-insert
Sql-listen
Sql-load
Sql-lock
Sql-move
Sql-notify
Sql-prepare
Sql-prepare-transaction
Sql-reassign-owned
Sql-reindex
Sql-release-savepoint
Sql-reset
Sql-revoke
Sql-rollback
Sql-rollback-prepared
Sql-rollback-to
Sql-savepoint
Sql-select
Sql-selectinto
Sql-set
Sql-set-constraints
Sql-set-role
Sql-set-session-authorization
Sql-set-transaction
Sql-show
Sql-start-transaction
Sql-truncate
Sql-unlisten
Sql-update
Sql-vacuum
Sql-values
II. 客戶端應(yīng)用程序
App-clusterdb
App-createdb
App-createlang
App-createuser
App-dropdb
App-droplang
App-dropuser
App-ecpg
App-pgconfig
App-pgdump
App-pg-dumpall
App-pgrestore
App-psql
App-reindexdb
App-vacuumdb
III. PostgreSQL服務(wù)器應(yīng)用程序
App-initdb
App-pgcontroldata
App-pg-ctl
App-pgresetxlog
App-postgres
App-postmaster
VII. 內(nèi)部
章44. PostgreSQL內(nèi)部概覽
44.1. 查詢路徑
44.2. 連接是如何建立起來的
44.3. 分析器階段
44.4. ThePostgreSQL規(guī)則系統(tǒng)
44.5. 規(guī)劃器/優(yōu)化器
44.6. 執(zhí)行器
章45. 系統(tǒng)表
45.1. 概述
45.2. pg_aggregate
45.3. pg_am
45.4. pg_amop
45.5. pg_amproc
45.6. pg_attrdef
45.7. pg_attribute
45.8. pg_authid
45.9. pg_auth_members
45.10. pg_cast
45.11. pg_class
45.12. pg_constraint
45.13. pg_conversion
45.14. pg_database
45.15. pg_db_role_setting
45.16. pg_default_acl
45.17. pg_depend
45.18. pg_description
45.19. pg_enum
45.20. pg_foreign_data_wrapper
45.21. pg_foreign_server
45.22. pg_index
45.23. pg_inherits
45.24. pg_language
45.25. pg_largeobject
45.26. pg_largeobject_metadata
45.27. pg_namespace
45.28. pg_opclass
45.29. pg_operator
45.30. pg_opfamily
45.31. pg_pltemplate
45.32. pg_proc
45.33. pg_rewrite
45.34. pg_shdepend
45.35. pg_shdescription
45.36. pg_statistic
45.37. pg_tablespace
45.38. pg_trigger
45.39. pg_ts_config
45.40. pg_ts_config_map
45.41. pg_ts_dict
45.42. pg_ts_parser
45.43. pg_ts_template
45.44. pg_type
45.45. pg_user_mapping
45.46. System Views
45.47. pg_cursors
45.48. pg_group
45.49. pg_indexes
45.50. pg_locks
45.51. pg_prepared_statements
45.52. pg_prepared_xacts
45.53. pg_roles
45.54. pg_rules
45.55. pg_settings
45.56. pg_shadow
45.57. pg_stats
45.58. pg_tables
45.59. pg_timezone_abbrevs
45.60. pg_timezone_names
45.61. pg_user
45.62. pg_user_mappings
45.63. pg_views
章46. Frontend/Backend Protocol
46.1. Overview
46.2. Message Flow
46.3. Streaming Replication Protocol
46.4. Message Data Types
46.5. Message Formats
46.6. Error and Notice Message Fields
46.7. Summary of Changes since Protocol 2.0
47. PostgreSQL Coding Conventions
47.1. Formatting
47.2. Reporting Errors Within the Server
47.3. Error Message Style Guide
章48. Native Language Support
48.1. For the Translator
48.2. For the Programmer
章49. Writing A Procedural Language Handler
章50. Genetic Query Optimizer
50.1. Query Handling as a Complex Optimization Problem
50.2. Genetic Algorithms
50.3. Genetic Query Optimization (GEQO) in PostgreSQL
50.4. Further Reading
章51. 索引訪問方法接口定義
51.1. 索引的系統(tǒng)表記錄
51.2. 索引訪問方法函數(shù)
51.3. 索引掃描
51.4. 索引鎖的考量
51.5. 索引唯一性檢查
51.6. 索引開銷估計(jì)函數(shù)
章52. GiST Indexes
52.1. Introduction
52.2. Extensibility
52.3. Implementation
52.4. Examples
52.5. Crash Recovery
章53. GIN Indexes
53.1. Introduction
53.2. Extensibility
53.3. Implementation
53.4. GIN tips and tricks
53.5. Limitations
53.6. Examples
章54. 數(shù)據(jù)庫物理存儲(chǔ)
54.1. 數(shù)據(jù)庫文件布局
54.2. TOAST
54.3. 自由空間映射
54.4. 可見映射
54.5. 數(shù)據(jù)庫分頁文件
章55. BKI后端接口
55.1. BKI 文件格式
55.2. BKI命令
55.3. 系統(tǒng)初始化的BKI文件的結(jié)構(gòu)
55.4. 例子
章56. 規(guī)劃器如何使用統(tǒng)計(jì)信息
56.1. 行預(yù)期的例子
VIII. 附錄
A. PostgreSQL錯(cuò)誤代碼
B. 日期/時(shí)間支持
B.1. 日期/時(shí)間輸入解析
B.2. 日期/時(shí)間關(guān)鍵字
B.3. 日期/時(shí)間配置文件
B.4. 日期單位的歷史
C. SQL關(guān)鍵字
D. SQL Conformance
D.1. Supported Features
D.2. Unsupported Features
E. Release Notes
Release-0-01
Release-0-02
Release-0-03
Release-1-0
Release-1-01
Release-1-02
Release-1-09
Release-6-0
Release-6-1
Release-6-1-1
Release-6-2
Release-6-2-1
Release-6-3
Release-6-3-1
Release-6-3-2
Release-6-4
Release-6-4-1
Release-6-4-2
Release-6-5
Release-6-5-1
Release-6-5-2
Release-6-5-3
Release-7-0
Release-7-0-1
Release-7-0-2
Release-7-0-3
Release-7-1
Release-7-1-1
Release-7-1-2
Release-7-1-3
Release-7-2
Release-7-2-1
Release-7-2-2
Release-7-2-3
Release-7-2-4
Release-7-2-5
Release-7-2-6
Release-7-2-7
Release-7-2-8
Release-7-3
Release-7-3-1
Release-7-3-10
Release-7-3-11
Release-7-3-12
Release-7-3-13
Release-7-3-14
Release-7-3-15
Release-7-3-16
Release-7-3-17
Release-7-3-18
Release-7-3-19
Release-7-3-2
Release-7-3-20
Release-7-3-21
Release-7-3-3
Release-7-3-4
Release-7-3-5
Release-7-3-6
Release-7-3-7
Release-7-3-8
Release-7-3-9
Release-7-4
Release-7-4-1
Release-7-4-10
Release-7-4-11
Release-7-4-12
Release-7-4-13
Release-7-4-14
Release-7-4-15
Release-7-4-16
Release-7-4-17
Release-7-4-18
Release-7-4-19
Release-7-4-2
Release-7-4-20
Release-7-4-21
Release-7-4-22
Release-7-4-23
Release-7-4-24
Release-7-4-25
Release-7-4-26
Release-7-4-27
Release-7-4-28
Release-7-4-29
Release-7-4-3
Release-7-4-30
Release-7-4-4
Release-7-4-5
Release-7-4-6
Release-7-4-7
Release-7-4-8
Release-7-4-9
Release-8-0
Release-8-0-1
Release-8-0-10
Release-8-0-11
Release-8-0-12
Release-8-0-13
Release-8-0-14
Release-8-0-15
Release-8-0-16
Release-8-0-17
Release-8-0-18
Release-8-0-19
Release-8-0-2
Release-8-0-20
Release-8-0-21
Release-8-0-22
Release-8-0-23
Release-8-0-24
Release-8-0-25
Release-8-0-26
Release-8-0-3
Release-8-0-4
Release-8-0-5
Release-8-0-6
Release-8-0-7
Release-8-0-8
Release-8-0-9
Release-8-1
Release-8-1-1
Release-8-1-10
Release-8-1-11
Release-8-1-12
Release-8-1-13
Release-8-1-14
Release-8-1-15
Release-8-1-16
Release-8-1-17
Release-8-1-18
Release-8-1-19
Release-8-1-2
Release-8-1-20
Release-8-1-21
Release-8-1-22
Release-8-1-23
Release-8-1-3
Release-8-1-4
Release-8-1-5
Release-8-1-6
Release-8-1-7
Release-8-1-8
Release-8-1-9
Release-8-2
Release-8-2-1
Release-8-2-10
Release-8-2-11
Release-8-2-12
Release-8-2-13
Release-8-2-14
Release-8-2-15
Release-8-2-16
Release-8-2-17
Release-8-2-18
Release-8-2-19
Release-8-2-2
Release-8-2-20
Release-8-2-21
Release-8-2-3
Release-8-2-4
Release-8-2-5
Release-8-2-6
Release-8-2-7
Release-8-2-8
Release-8-2-9
Release-8-3
Release-8-3-1
Release-8-3-10
Release-8-3-11
Release-8-3-12
Release-8-3-13
Release-8-3-14
Release-8-3-15
Release-8-3-2
Release-8-3-3
Release-8-3-4
Release-8-3-5
Release-8-3-6
Release-8-3-7
Release-8-3-8
Release-8-3-9
Release-8-4
Release-8-4-1
Release-8-4-2
Release-8-4-3
Release-8-4-4
Release-8-4-5
Release-8-4-6
Release-8-4-7
Release-8-4-8
Release-9-0
Release-9-0-1
Release-9-0-2
Release-9-0-3
Release-9-0-4
F. 額外提供的模塊
F.1. adminpack
F.2. auto_explain
F.3. btree_gin
F.4. btree_gist
F.5. chkpass
F.6. citext
F.7. cube
F.8. dblink
Contrib-dblink-connect
Contrib-dblink-connect-u
Contrib-dblink-disconnect
Contrib-dblink
Contrib-dblink-exec
Contrib-dblink-open
Contrib-dblink-fetch
Contrib-dblink-close
Contrib-dblink-get-connections
Contrib-dblink-error-message
Contrib-dblink-send-query
Contrib-dblink-is-busy
Contrib-dblink-get-notify
Contrib-dblink-get-result
Contrib-dblink-cancel-query
Contrib-dblink-get-pkey
Contrib-dblink-build-sql-insert
Contrib-dblink-build-sql-delete
Contrib-dblink-build-sql-update
F.9. dict_int
F.10. dict_xsyn
F.11. earthdistance
F.12. fuzzystrmatch
F.13. hstore
F.14. intagg
F.15. intarray
F.16. isn
F.17. lo
F.18. ltree
F.19. oid2name
F.20. pageinspect
F.21. passwordcheck
F.22. pg_archivecleanup
F.23. pgbench
F.24. pg_buffercache
F.25. pgcrypto
F.26. pg_freespacemap
F.27. pgrowlocks
F.28. pg_standby
F.29. pg_stat_statements
F.30. pgstattuple
F.31. pg_trgm
F.32. pg_upgrade
F.33. seg
F.34. spi
F.35. sslinfo
F.36. tablefunc
F.37. test_parser
F.38. tsearch2
F.39. unaccent
F.40. uuid-ossp
F.41. vacuumlo
F.42. xml2
G. 外部項(xiàng)目
G.1. 客戶端接口
G.2. 過程語言
G.3. 擴(kuò)展
H. The Source Code Repository
H.1. Getting The Source Via Git
I. 文檔
I.1. DocBook
I.2. 工具集
I.3. 制作文檔
I.4. 文檔寫作
I.5. 風(fēng)格指導(dǎo)
J. 首字母縮略詞
參考書目
Bookindex
Index
?
本文檔使用 php中文網(wǎng)手冊(cè) 發(fā)布
文字
E.173. Release 7.0
Release date: 2000-05-08
This release contains improvements in many areas, demonstrating the continued growth of PostgreSQL. There are more improvements and fixes in 7.0 than in any previous release. The developers have confidence that this is the best release yet; we do our best to put out only solid releases, and this one is no exception.
Major changes in this release:
- Foreign Keys
Foreign keys are now implemented, with the exception of PARTIAL MATCH foreign keys. Many users have been asking for this feature, and we are pleased to offer it.
- Optimizer Overhaul
Continuing on work started a year ago, the optimizer has been improved, allowing better query plan selection and faster performance with less memory usage.
- Updated psql
psql, our interactive terminal monitor, has been updated with a variety of new features. See the psql manual page for details.
- Join Syntax
SQL92 join syntax is now supported, though only as INNER JOIN for this release. JOIN, NATURAL JOIN, JOIN/USING, and JOIN/ON are available, as are column correlation names.
E.173.1. Migration to Version 7.0
A dump/restore using pg_dump is required for those wishing to migrate data from any previous release of PostgreSQL. For those upgrading from 6.5.*, you can instead use pg_upgrade to upgrade to this release; however, a full dump/reload installation is always the most robust method for upgrades.
Interface and compatibility issues to consider for the new release include:
The date/time types datetime and timespan have been superseded by the SQL92-defined types timestamp and interval. Although there has been some effort to ease the transition by allowing PostgreSQL to recognize the deprecated type names and translate them to the new type names, this mechanism cannot be completely transparent to your existing application.
The optimizer has been substantially improved in the area of query cost estimation. In some cases, this will result in decreased query times as the optimizer makes a better choice for the preferred plan. However, in a small number of cases, usually involving pathological distributions of data, your query times might go up. If you are dealing with large amounts of data, you might want to check your queries to verify performance.
The JDBC and ODBC interfaces have been upgraded and extended.
The string function
CHAR_LENGTHis now a native function. Previous versions translated this into a call toLENGTH, which could result in ambiguity with other types implementingLENGTHsuch as the geometric types.
E.173.2. Changes
Bug Fixes
---------
Prevent function calls exceeding maximum number of arguments (Tom)
Improve CASE construct (Tom)
Fix SELECT coalesce(f1,0) FROM int4_tbl GROUP BY f1 (Tom)
Fix SELECT sentence.words[0] FROM sentence GROUP BY sentence.words[0] (Tom)
Fix GROUP BY scan bug (Tom)
Improvements in SQL grammar processing (Tom)
Fix for views involved in INSERT ... SELECT ... (Tom)
Fix for SELECT a/2, a/2 FROM test_missing_target GROUP BY a/2 (Tom)
Fix for subselects in INSERT ... SELECT (Tom)
Prevent INSERT ... SELECT ... ORDER BY (Tom)
Fixes for relations greater than 2GB, including vacuum
Improve propagating system table changes to other backends (Tom)
Improve propagating user table changes to other backends (Tom)
Fix handling of temp tables in complex situations (Bruce, Tom)
Allow table locking at table open, improving concurrent reliability (Tom)
Properly quote sequence names in pg_dump (Ross J. Reedstrom)
Prevent DROP DATABASE while others accessing
Prevent any rows from being returned by GROUP BY if no rows processed (Tom)
Fix SELECT COUNT(1) FROM table WHERE ...' if no rows matching WHERE (Tom)
Fix pg_upgrade so it works for MVCC (Tom)
Fix for SELECT ... WHERE x IN (SELECT ... HAVING SUM(x) > 1) (Tom)
Fix for "f1 datetime DEFAULT 'now'" (Tom)
Fix problems with CURRENT_DATE used in DEFAULT (Tom)
Allow comment-only lines, and ;;; lines too. (Tom)
Improve recovery after failed disk writes, disk full (Hiroshi)
Fix cases where table is mentioned in FROM but not joined (Tom)
Allow HAVING clause without aggregate functions (Tom)
Fix for "--" comment and no trailing newline, as seen in perl interface
Improve pg_dump failure error reports (Bruce)
Allow sorts and hashes to exceed 2GB file sizes (Tom)
Fix for pg_dump dumping of inherited rules (Tom)
Fix for NULL handling comparisons (Tom)
Fix inconsistent state caused by failed CREATE/DROP commands (Hiroshi)
Fix for dbname with dash
Prevent DROP INDEX from interfering with other backends (Tom)
Fix file descriptor leak in verify_password()
Fix for "Unable to identify an operator =$" problem
Fix ODBC so no segfault if CommLog and Debug enabled (Dirk Niggemann)
Fix for recursive exit call (Massimo)
Fix for extra-long timezones (Jeroen van Vianen)
Make pg_dump preserve primary key information (Peter E)
Prevent databases with single quotes (Peter E)
Prevent DROP DATABASE inside transaction (Peter E)
ecpg memory leak fixes (Stephen Birch)
Fix for SELECT null::text, SELECT int4fac(null) and SELECT 2 + (null) (Tom)
Y2K timestamp fix (Massimo)
Fix for VACUUM 'HEAP_MOVED_IN was not expected' errors (Tom)
Fix for views with tables/columns containing spaces (Tom)
Prevent privileges on indexes (Peter E)
Fix for spinlock stuck problem when error is generated (Hiroshi)
Fix ipcclean on Linux
Fix handling of NULL constraint conditions (Tom)
Fix memory leak in odbc driver (Nick Gorham)
Fix for privilege check on UNION tables (Tom)
Fix to allow SELECT 'a' LIKE 'a' (Tom)
Fix for SELECT 1 + NULL (Tom)
Fixes to CHAR
Fix log() on numeric type (Tom)
Deprecate ':' and ';' operators
Allow vacuum of temporary tables
Disallow inherited columns with the same name as new columns
Recover or force failure when disk space is exhausted (Hiroshi)
Fix INSERT INTO ... SELECT with AS columns matching result columns
Fix INSERT ... SELECT ... GROUP BY groups by target columns not source columns (Tom)
Fix CREATE TABLE test (a char(5) DEFAULT text '', b int4) with INSERT (Tom)
Fix UNION with LIMIT
Fix CREATE TABLE x AS SELECT 1 UNION SELECT 2
Fix CREATE TABLE test(col char(2) DEFAULT user)
Fix mismatched types in CREATE TABLE ... DEFAULT
Fix SELECT * FROM pg_class where oid in (0,-1)
Fix SELECT COUNT('asdf') FROM pg_class WHERE oid=12
Prevent user who can create databases can modifying pg_database table (Peter E)
Fix btree to give a useful elog when key > 1/2 (page - overhead) (Tom)
Fix INSERT of 0.0 into DECIMAL(4,4) field (Tom)
Enhancements
------------
New CLI interface include file sqlcli.h, based on SQL3/SQL98
Remove all limits on query length, row length limit still exists (Tom)
Update jdbc protocol to 2.0 (Jens Glaser <jens@jens.de>)
Add TRUNCATE command to quickly truncate relation (Mike Mascari)
Fix to give super user and createdb user proper update catalog rights (Peter E)
Allow ecpg bool variables to have NULL values (Christof)
Issue ecpg error if NULL value for variable with no NULL indicator (Christof)
Allow ^C to cancel COPY command (Massimo)
Add SET FSYNC and SHOW PG_OPTIONS commands(Massimo)
Function name overloading for dynamically-loaded C functions (Frankpitt)
Add CmdTuples() to libpq++(Vince)
New CREATE CONSTRAINT TRIGGER and SET CONSTRAINTS commands(Jan)
Allow CREATE FUNCTION/WITH clause to be used for all language types
configure --enable-debug adds -g (Peter E)
configure --disable-debug removes -g (Peter E)
Allow more complex default expressions (Tom)
First real FOREIGN KEY constraint trigger functionality (Jan)
Add FOREIGN KEY ... MATCH FULL ... ON DELETE CASCADE (Jan)
Add FOREIGN KEY ... MATCH <unspecified> referential actions (Don Baccus)
Allow WHERE restriction on ctid (physical heap location) (Hiroshi)
Move pginterface from contrib to interface directory, rename to pgeasy (Bruce)
Change pgeasy connectdb() parameter ordering (Bruce)
Require SELECT DISTINCT target list to have all ORDER BY columns (Tom)
Add Oracle's COMMENT ON command (Mike Mascari <mascarim@yahoo.com>)
libpq's PQsetNoticeProcessor function now returns previous hook(Peter E)
Prevent PQsetNoticeProcessor from being set to NULL (Peter E)
Make USING in COPY optional (Bruce)
Allow subselects in the target list (Tom)
Allow subselects on the left side of comparison operators (Tom)
New parallel regression test (Jan)
Change backend-side COPY to write files with permissions 644 not 666 (Tom)
Force permissions on PGDATA directory to be secure, even if it exists (Tom)
Added psql LASTOID variable to return last inserted oid (Peter E)
Allow concurrent vacuum and remove pg_vlock vacuum lock file (Tom)
Add privilege check for vacuum (Peter E)
New libpq functions to allow asynchronous connections: PQconnectStart(),
PQconnectPoll(), PQresetStart(), PQresetPoll(), PQsetenvStart(),
PQsetenvPoll(), PQsetenvAbort (Ewan Mellor)
New libpq PQsetenv() function (Ewan Mellor)
create/alter user extension (Peter E)
New postmaster.pid and postmaster.opts under $PGDATA (Tatsuo)
New scripts for create/drop user/db (Peter E)
Major psql overhaul (Peter E)
Add const to libpq interface (Peter E)
New libpq function PQoidValue (Peter E)
Show specific non-aggregate causing problem with GROUP BY (Tom)
Make changes to pg_shadow recreate pg_pwd file (Peter E)
Add aggregate(DISTINCT ...) (Tom)
Allow flag to control COPY input/output of NULLs (Peter E)
Make postgres user have a password by default (Peter E)
Add CREATE/ALTER/DROP GROUP (Peter E)
All administration scripts now support --long options (Peter E, Karel)
Vacuumdb script now supports --all option (Peter E)
ecpg new portable FETCH syntax
Add ecpg EXEC SQL IFDEF, EXEC SQL IFNDEF, EXEC SQL ELSE, EXEC SQL ELIF
and EXEC SQL ENDIF directives
Add pg_ctl script to control backend start-up (Tatsuo)
Add postmaster.opts.default file to store start-up flags (Tatsuo)
Allow --with-mb=SQL_ASCII
Increase maximum number of index keys to 16 (Bruce)
Increase maximum number of function arguments to 16 (Bruce)
Allow configuration of maximum number of index keys and arguments (Bruce)
Allow unprivileged users to change their passwords (Peter E)
Password authentication enabled; required for new users (Peter E)
Disallow dropping a user who owns a database (Peter E)
Change initdb option --with-mb to --enable-multibyte
Add option for initdb to prompts for superuser password (Peter E)
Allow complex type casts like col::numeric(9,2) and col::int2::float8 (Tom)
Updated user interfaces on initdb, initlocation, pg_dump, ipcclean (Peter E)
New pg_char_to_encoding() and pg_encoding_to_char() functions (Tatsuo)
libpq non-blocking mode (Alfred Perlstein)
Improve conversion of types in casts that don't specify a length
New plperl internal programming language (Mark Hollomon)
Allow COPY IN to read file that do not end with a newline (Tom)
Indicate when long identifiers are truncated (Tom)
Allow aggregates to use type equivalency (Peter E)
Add Oracle's to_char(), to_date(), to_datetime(), to_timestamp(), to_number()
conversion functions (Karel Zak <zakkr@zf.jcu.cz>)
Add SELECT DISTINCT ON (expr [, expr ...]) targetlist ... (Tom)
Check to be sure ORDER BY is compatible with the DISTINCT operation (Tom)
Add NUMERIC and int8 types to ODBC
Improve EXPLAIN results for Append, Group, Agg, Unique (Tom)
Add ALTER TABLE ... ADD FOREIGN KEY (Stephan Szabo)
Allow SELECT .. FOR UPDATE in PL/pgSQL (Hiroshi)
Enable backward sequential scan even after reaching EOF (Hiroshi)
Add btree indexing of boolean values, >= and <= (Don Baccus)
Print current line number when COPY FROM fails (Massimo)
Recognize POSIX time zone e.g. "PST+8" and "GMT-8" (Thomas)
Add DEC as synonym for DECIMAL (Thomas)
Add SESSION_USER as SQL92 key word, same as CURRENT_USER (Thomas)
Implement SQL92 column aliases (aka correlation names) (Thomas)
Implement SQL92 join syntax (Thomas)
Make INTERVAL reserved word allowed as a column identifier (Thomas)
Implement REINDEX command (Hiroshi)
Accept ALL in aggregate function SUM(ALL col) (Tom)
Prevent GROUP BY from using column aliases (Tom)
New psql \encoding option (Tatsuo)
Allow PQrequestCancel() to terminate when in waiting-for-lock state (Hiroshi)
Allow negation of a negative number in all cases
Add ecpg descriptors (Christof, Michael)
Allow CREATE VIEW v AS SELECT f1::char(8) FROM tbl
Allow casts with length, like foo::char(8)
New libpq functions PQsetClientEncoding(), PQclientEncoding() (Tatsuo)
Add support for SJIS user defined characters (Tatsuo)
Larger views/rules supported
Make libpq's PQconndefaults() thread-safe (Tom)
Disable // as comment to be ANSI conforming, should use -- (Tom)
Allow column aliases on views CREATE VIEW name (collist)
Fixes for views with subqueries (Tom)
Allow UPDATE table SET fld = (SELECT ...) (Tom)
SET command options no longer require quotes
Update pgaccess to 0.98.6
New SET SEED command
New pg_options.sample file
New SET FSYNC command (Massimo)
Allow pg_descriptions when creating tables
Allow pg_descriptions when creating types, columns, and functions
Allow psql \copy to allow delimiters (Peter E)
Allow psql to print nulls as distinct from "" [null] (Peter E)
Types
-----
Many array fixes (Tom)
Allow bare column names to be subscripted as arrays (Tom)
Improve type casting of int and float constants (Tom)
Cleanups for int8 inputs, range checking, and type conversion (Tom)
Fix for SELECT timespan('21:11:26'::time) (Tom)
netmask('x.x.x.x/0') is 255.255.255.255 instead of 0.0.0.0 (Oleg Sharoiko)
Add btree index on NUMERIC (Jan)
Perl fix for large objects containing NUL characters (Douglas Thomson)
ODBC fix for large objects (free)
Fix indexing of cidr data type
Fix for Ethernet MAC addresses (macaddr type) comparisons
Fix for date/time types when overflows happened in computations (Tom)
Allow array on int8 (Peter E)
Fix for rounding/overflow of NUMERIC type, like NUMERIC(4,4) (Tom)
Allow NUMERIC arrays
Fix bugs in NUMERIC ceil() and floor() functions (Tom)
Make char_length()/octet_length including trailing blanks (Tom)
Made abstime/reltime use int4 instead of time_t (Peter E)
New lztext data type for compressed text fields
Revise code to handle coercion of int and float constants (Tom)
Start at new code to implement a BIT and BIT VARYING type (Adriaan Joubert)
NUMERIC now accepts scientific notation (Tom)
NUMERIC to int4 rounds (Tom)
Convert float4/8 to NUMERIC properly (Tom)
Allow type conversion with NUMERIC (Thomas)
Make ISO date style (2000-02-16 09:33) the default (Thomas)
Add NATIONAL CHAR [ VARYING ] (Thomas)
Allow NUMERIC round and trunc to accept negative scales (Tom)
New TIME WITH TIME ZONE type (Thomas)
Add MAX()/MIN() on time type (Thomas)
Add abs(), mod(), fac() for int8 (Thomas)
Rename functions to round(), sqrt(), cbrt(), pow() for float8 (Thomas)
Add transcendental math functions (e.g. sin(), acos()) for float8 (Thomas)
Add exp() and ln() for NUMERIC type
Rename NUMERIC power() to pow() (Thomas)
Improved TRANSLATE() function (Edwin Ramirez, Tom)
Allow X=-Y operators (Tom)
Allow SELECT float8(COUNT(*))/(SELECT COUNT(*) FROM t) FROM t GROUP BY f1; (Tom)
Allow LOCALE to use indexes in regular expression searches (Tom)
Allow creation of functional indexes to use default types
Performance
-----------
Prevent exponential space consumption with many AND's and OR's (Tom)
Collect attribute selectivity values for system columns (Tom)
Reduce memory usage of aggregates (Tom)
Fix for LIKE optimization to use indexes with multibyte encodings (Tom)
Fix r-tree index optimizer selectivity (Thomas)
Improve optimizer selectivity computations and functions (Tom)
Optimize btree searching for cases where many equal keys exist (Tom)
Enable fast LIKE index processing only if index present (Tom)
Re-use free space on index pages with duplicates (Tom)
Improve hash join processing (Tom)
Prevent descending sort if result is already sorted(Hiroshi)
Allow commuting of index scan query qualifications (Tom)
Prefer index scans in cases where ORDER BY/GROUP BY is required (Tom)
Allocate large memory requests in fix-sized chunks for performance (Tom)
Fix vacuum's performance by reducing memory allocation requests (Tom)
Implement constant-expression simplification (Bernard Frankpitt, Tom)
Use secondary columns to be used to determine start of index scan (Hiroshi)
Prevent quadruple use of disk space when doing internal sorting (Tom)
Faster sorting by calling fewer functions (Tom)
Create system indexes to match all system caches (Bruce, Hiroshi)
Make system caches use system indexes (Bruce)
Make all system indexes unique (Bruce)
Improve pg_statistics management for VACUUM speed improvement (Tom)
Flush backend cache less frequently (Tom, Hiroshi)
COPY now reuses previous memory allocation, improving performance (Tom)
Improve optimization cost estimation (Tom)
Improve optimizer estimate of range queries x > lowbound AND x < highbound (Tom)
Use DNF instead of CNF where appropriate (Tom, Taral)
Further cleanup for OR-of-AND WHERE-clauses (Tom)
Make use of index in OR clauses (x = 1 AND y = 2) OR (x = 2 AND y = 4) (Tom)
Smarter optimizer computations for random index page access (Tom)
New SET variable to control optimizer costs (Tom)
Optimizer queries based on LIMIT, OFFSET, and EXISTS qualifications (Tom)
Reduce optimizer internal housekeeping of join paths for speedup (Tom)
Major subquery speedup (Tom)
Fewer fsync writes when fsync is not disabled (Tom)
Improved LIKE optimizer estimates (Tom)
Prevent fsync in SELECT-only queries (Vadim)
Make index creation use psort code, because it is now faster (Tom)
Allow creation of sort temp tables > 1 Gig
Source Tree Changes
-------------------
Fix for linux PPC compile
New generic expression-tree-walker subroutine (Tom)
Change form() to varargform() to prevent portability problems
Improved range checking for large integers on Alphas
Clean up #include in /include directory (Bruce)
Add scripts for checking includes (Bruce)
Remove un-needed #include's from *.c files (Bruce)
Change #include's to use <> and "" as appropriate (Bruce)
Enable Windows compilation of libpq
Alpha spinlock fix from Uncle George <gatgul@voicenet.com>
Overhaul of optimizer data structures (Tom)
Fix to cygipc library (Yutaka Tanida)
Allow pgsql to work on newer Cygwin snapshots (Dan)
New catalog version number (Tom)
Add Linux ARM
Rename heap_replace to heap_update
Update for QNX (Dr. Andreas Kardos)
New platform-specific regression handling (Tom)
Rename oid8 -> oidvector and int28 -> int2vector (Bruce)
Included all yacc and lex files into the distribution (Peter E.)
Remove lextest, no longer needed (Peter E)
Fix for libpq and psql on Windows (Magnus)
Internally change datetime and timespan into timestamp and interval (Thomas)
Fix for plpgsql on BSD/OS
Add SQL_ASCII test case to the regression test (Tatsuo)
configure --with-mb now deprecated (Tatsuo)
NT fixes
NetBSD fixes (Johnny C. Lam <lamj@stat.cmu.edu>)
Fixes for Alpha compiles
New multibyte encodings