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  • How do I prevent cross-site scripting (XSS) attacks in PHP?
    How do I prevent cross-site scripting (XSS) attacks in PHP?
    TopreventXSSattacksinPHP,sanitizeinputandescapeoutputbasedoncontext.1.SanitizeuserinputusingPHP’sfilter_var()functionorHTMLPurifierforHTMLcontent.2.Escapeoutputwithhtmlspecialchars()forHTML,json_encode()forJavaScript,andrawurlencode()forURLs.3.SetHTT
    PHP Tutorial . Backend Development 548 2025-06-24 00:54:10
  • What is PHP-FIG and what are its standards?
    What is PHP-FIG and what are its standards?
    PHP-FIGmattersbecauseitcreatedsharedstandardsforPHPframeworks.BeforePHP-FIG,frameworksuseddifferentmethodsfortaskslikeautoloadingandHTTPhandling,makingcodereusedifficult.ThegroupintroducedPSRslike1.PSR-1(codingstylebasics),2.PSR-4(autoloadingstandard
    PHP Tutorial . Backend Development 1005 2025-06-24 00:53:51
  • What are the best practices for writing clean and maintainable PHP code?
    What are the best practices for writing clean and maintainable PHP code?
    The key to writing clean and easy-to-maintain PHP code lies in clear naming, following standards, reasonable structure, making good use of comments and testability. 1. Use clear variables, functions and class names, such as $userData and calculateTotalPrice(); 2. Follow the PSR-12 standard unified code style; 3. Split the code structure according to responsibilities, and organize it using MVC or Laravel-style catalogs; 4. Avoid noodles-style code and split the logic into small functions with a single responsibility; 5. Add comments at key points and write interface documents to clarify parameters, return values ??and exceptions; 6. Improve testability, adopt dependency injection, reduce global state and static methods. These practices improve code quality, collaboration efficiency and post-maintenance ease.
    PHP Tutorial . Backend Development 248 2025-06-24 00:53:11
  • How do I use the error_reporting() function to control the level of error reporting?
    How do I use the error_reporting() function to control the level of error reporting?
    In PHP, you need to use the error_reporting() function to control the error reporting level, and set it with predefined constants and bit operators. 1. Use error_reporting(E_ERROR|E_WARNING|E_NOTICE) to enable the specified type of error report; 2. Use error_reporting(E_ALL) to display all errors; 3. Use error_reporting(0) to turn off the error display in the production environment and set display_errors=0 to ensure safety; 4. You can use error_reporting(E_ALL&~E_NOTICE&~
    PHP Tutorial . Backend Development 790 2025-06-24 00:52:51
  • How do I use content delivery networks (CDNs) to serve static assets?
    How do I use content delivery networks (CDNs) to serve static assets?
    TouseaCDNeffectively,chooseaproviderlikeCloudflareorCloudFrontbasedonpricing,integration,andsupport;uploadstaticassetsusingpushorpullmethods;updatewebsitecodetoreferencetheCDNURLs;andmonitorperformanceforoptimization.First,selectaCDNproviderthatalign
    PHP Tutorial . Backend Development 188 2025-06-24 00:52:30
  • How do I use var_dump() or print_r() to inspect variables during debugging?
    How do I use var_dump() or print_r() to inspect variables during debugging?
    Usevar_dump()fordetailedvariableinspectionandprint_r()forquickreadableoutput.1.var_dump()showstype,size,andnestedelements,idealforAPIsoruncertaindatastructures.2.Wrapvar_dump()intagsforreadabilityanduseitwithmultiplevariables.3.print_r()offerssimplif
    PHP Tutorial . Backend Development 393 2025-06-24 00:51:50
  • Why should I use a PHP framework?
    Why should I use a PHP framework?
    UsingaPHPframeworkisessentialforlong-termefficiency,security,andscalability.1.Frameworksacceleratedevelopmentwithbuilt-intoolslikerouting,ORM,andformvalidation.2.TheyenforcebettersecuritypracticessuchasinputsanitizationandCSRFprotection.3.Frameworksp
    PHP Tutorial . Backend Development 402 2025-06-24 00:51:10
  • How do I use HTTPS to encrypt communication between the client and server?
    How do I use HTTPS to encrypt communication between the client and server?
    To enable HTTPS, you first need to obtain an SSL/TLS certificate, you can choose a free Let’sEncrypt or paid certificate, and install the corresponding type according to your needs; secondly, configure the server to enable the SSL/TLS module, specify the certificate path, listen to port 443 and redirect HTTP traffic; then force HTTPS to be used through 301 redirection and HSTS header; finally, keep updating the certificate, protocol version, and troubleshooting mixed content to ensure security.
    PHP Tutorial . Backend Development 982 2025-06-24 00:50:50
  • How do I use page caching in PHP?
    How do I use page caching in PHP?
    PHP page caching improves website performance by reducing server load and speeding up page loading. 1. Basic file cache avoids repeated generation of dynamic content by generating static HTML files and providing services during the validity period; 2. Enable OPcache to compile PHP scripts into bytecode and store them in memory, improving execution efficiency; 3. For dynamic pages with parameters, they should be cached separately according to URL parameters, and avoid cached user-specific content; 4. Lightweight cache libraries such as PHPFastCache can be used to simplify development and support multiple storage drivers. Combining these methods can effectively optimize the caching strategy of PHP projects.
    PHP Tutorial . Backend Development 834 2025-06-24 00:50:31
  • How do I use PDO to connect to a database?
    How do I use PDO to connect to a database?
    ToconnecttoadatabaseusingPDOinPHP,providetheDSN,username,andpasswordwithinatry-catchblocktohandleerrorsgracefully.1)SetuptheDSNwithdatabasetype,host,andname.2)UsePDOtocreateaconnectionandseterrormodetoexceptionforbetterdebugging.3)Runqueriesusingquer
    PHP Tutorial . Backend Development 280 2025-06-24 00:50:10
  • How do I set a cookie in PHP using setcookie()?
    How do I set a cookie in PHP using setcookie()?
    Setting cookies in PHP requires correctly using the setcookie() function and pay attention to key details, otherwise it may cause abnormal functions. Its basic syntax is setcookie('name','value',expiration,path,domain,secure,httponly), and the parameters represent name, value, expiration time, path, domain name, security flag and HttpOnly flag respectively. It is necessary to ensure that setcookie() is called before any output, otherwise it will fail because the HTTP header has been sent; after setting the cookie, it cannot be read immediately through $_COOKIE, and you need to wait for the next request; when deleting the cookie, it must be set to its expiration time.
    PHP Tutorial . Backend Development 379 2025-06-24 00:49:50
  • How do I use regular expressions for input validation in PHP?
    How do I use regular expressions for input validation in PHP?
    Tovalidateuserinputformatslikeemails,passwords,orphonenumbersinPHP,usethepreg_match()functionwithregexpatterns.1)Useanchors(^and$)toensurefullmatches;2)Foremails,applyaregexlike'/^[a-zA-Z0-9._% -] @[a-zA-Z0-9.-] \.[a-zA-Z]{2,}$/'orusefilter_var();3)E
    PHP Tutorial . Backend Development 494 2025-06-24 00:48:21
  • How do I update data in a database using PHP?
    How do I update data in a database using PHP?
    ToupdatedatainadatabaseusingPHP,firstconnecttothedatabasewithmysqliorPDO,thenprepareandexecuteanSQLUPDATEstatementusingboundparameterstopreventinjection,handleerrors,andclosetheconnection.1)Establishadatabaseconnectionusingmysqliwithhost,username,pas
    PHP Tutorial . Backend Development 553 2025-06-24 00:48:10
  • How do I create objects from classes in PHP?
    How do I create objects from classes in PHP?
    To create an object in PHP, you must first define the class and then instantiate it with the new keyword. 1. Classes are blueprints of objects, defining attributes and methods; 2. Create object instances using new; 3. Constructors are used to initialize different data; 4. Access attributes and methods through ->; 5. Pay attention to access control of public, private, and protected; 6. Multiple independent instances can be created, each maintaining its status. For example, after defining the Car class, newCar('red') creates an object and passes a parameter, $myCar->startEngine() calls the method, and each object does not affect each other. Mastering these helps build clearer, scalable applications.
    PHP Tutorial . Backend Development 848 2025-06-24 00:29:21

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