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Table of Contents
Make sure the HTML file itself is UTF-8 encoded
The server must also set the correct Content-Type
Common garbled phenomena and investigation suggestions
Home Web Front-end HTML Tutorial Implementing HTML `charset` for Unicode Support

Implementing HTML `charset` for Unicode Support

Jul 21, 2025 am 02:40 AM

To solve the problem of garbled web pages, you need to ensure that the HTML charset is set correctly. First, the HTML file itself must be saved as UTF-8 encoding, otherwise garbled code will appear even if <meta charset="UTF-8"> is written; secondly, <meta charset="UTF-8"> should be placed at the front of the HTML to avoid parsing errors caused by browser guessing encoding; finally, the server also needs to configure the correct Content-Type, such as Apache adds AddDefaultCharset UTF-8, and Nginx configures charset utf-8 to ensure that the character set declared in the HTTP header is consistent with the page, and avoid inconsistent encoding of the front and back ends causing garbled code.

Implementing HTML `charset` for Unicode Support

For web pages to display characters in various languages normally, the HTML charset settings cannot be ignored. Many people think that as long as you write <meta charset="UTF-8"> , in fact, if you don't pay attention to some details, it will still lead to garbled code.

Implementing HTML `charset` for Unicode Support

Make sure the HTML file itself is UTF-8 encoded

The browser parsing charset determines how to display the content based on the encoding of the HTML file itself. If your HTML file is ANSI or GBK encoding, even if you write UTF-8 meta tags, garbled code may appear.

Remember to check the save format in the editor. For example, the current file encoding will be displayed in the lower right corner of VS Code. Selecting UTF-8 when saving can avoid this problem.

Implementing HTML `charset` for Unicode Support

Declare charset as early as possible in

<meta charset="UTF-8"> It is best to write it at the front of part of HTML, the earlier the better. When some browsers load the page, if they do not see the encoding declaration at the beginning, they may use the default encoding to guess, and if they guess wrong, they will display garbled code.

for example:

Implementing HTML `charset` for Unicode Support
 <head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <title>Page Title</title>
</head>

Don't put it behind title or other meta tags, it's safer to get the order in front.

The server must also set the correct Content-Type

In addition to the meta tag in the HTML page, the HTTP header returned by the server should also set Content-Type , including charset=utf-8 . Because browsers sometimes prefer to view the encoding settings in the HTTP header.

For example, Apache can add in .htaccess :

 AddDefaultCharset UTF-8

Nginx can be added to the configuration:

 charset utf-8;

In this way, UTF-8 is used uniformly from the server to the page itself, and there will be no problem that "the page has written UTF-8, but the server says it is ISO-8859-1".

Common garbled phenomena and investigation suggestions

If your web page occasionally appears garbled, you can check it in these directions:

  • Is there any <meta charset="UTF-8"> on the page
  • Is the HTML file really saved in UTF-8 encoding?
  • Is there Content-Type: charset=utf-8
  • Is there any data returned by some JS or interfaces using other encodings?

Especially for dynamically generated pages (such as PHP or Node.js), sometimes the default output of the backend is not UTF-8, which will also lead to garbled front-end.

Basically that's it. The settings are not complicated, but each link must be unified, otherwise problems will still occur.

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