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Table of Contents
What is a Build System?
How to use the default Build System?
How to create and modify a Build System?
What can Build System do?
Home Development Tools sublime What are build systems in Sublime Text, and how are they used?

What are build systems in Sublime Text, and how are they used?

Jul 06, 2025 am 12:25 AM
Build system

The Build System of Sublime Text is a configuration mechanism that defines command-line instructions through the .sublime-build file, so that the editor knows what to do when pressing Ctrl B or Cmd B. It is not a compiler or interpreter per se, but can run code, execute scripts, or build projects. 1. The default Build System supports Python, C and other languages. Just select the corresponding options to run the code; 2. You can create a custom build system through Tools > Build System > New Build System... to modify the cmd parameters to specify the interpreter path, add parameters or set the working directory; 3. Build System can also be used to compile C/C, build static websites, execute shell scripts, run Node.js/Rust/Go programs, etc. Almost any task that can be completed by the terminal can be triggered through it.

Sublime Text is not a compiler or interpreter itself, but it provides a very flexible way to run code, execute scripts, and even build projects - this is achieved through the Build System .


What is a Build System?

Simply put, Sublime Text's build system is a configuration mechanism that tells the editor "what should be done when you press Ctrl B or Cmd B "
It is essentially a .sublime-build file that defines command line instructions and some parameters. For example, you can configure it to run Python scripts, compile C programs, or execute shell commands.


How to use the default Build System?

Sublime Text comes with some build systems in common languages, such as Python, C, Java, etc. You just need:

  • Open your source code file (such as test.py )
  • Click Tools > Build System in the top menu bar and select the corresponding option (such as Python)
  • Press Ctrl B to run the code directly

At this time, you will see the output panel at the bottom showing the running results.

Note: These default configurations are usually just basic versions. For example, Python's build system actually calls the python commands on your system. If you have multiple Python versions or virtual environments, you may need to customize the path.


How to create and modify a Build System?

If you want to customize your own build, you can do this:

  1. Click Tools > Build System > New Build System in the menu bar...
  2. Sublime opens a template file, which looks like this:
 {
    "cmd": ["python", "-u", "$file"],
    "file_regex": "^[ ]*File \"(...*?)\", line ([0-9]*)",
    "selector": "source.python"
}
  1. Modify the "cmd" part to the command you want to execute, such as changing to python3 or specifying the interpreter path in the virtual environment.
  2. Save files in .sublime-build format, such as MyPython.sublime-build
  3. Enter the Build System menu again and you will see the options you just created.

Common modification points include:

  • Change the interpreter path (such as replacing global python with venv/bin/python )
  • Add extra parameters (such as debug mode, specified encoding, etc.)
  • Set the working directory (add "working_dir": "/path/to/dir" )

What can Build System do?

In addition to running scripts, build system can do a lot more:

  • Compile C/C projects (with g/clang)
  • Build a static website (call Hugo, Jekyll)
  • Execute shell scripts (automated tasks)
  • Even running programs in Node.js, Rust, Go and other languages

As long as the tasks you can complete in the terminal can theoretically be triggered through the build system. And because it is based on JSON, it has a clear structure and is convenient for maintenance.


Basically that's it. Although it seems to be just a small feature, it can greatly improve efficiency if used properly. Especially for students who develop multilingual or multi-environment, custom build system is almost one of the essential skills.

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