Imagine this: A killer Kendrick Lamar track blasts from one of your many browser tabs. You're grooving, but someone enters, and you need to pause it. Which tab? Browsers offer limited help; you might mute all audio, but wouldn't direct control be better?
The Media Session API solves this. It extends media playback controls beyond the playing tab, offering access via:
- Mobile device notification areas
- Wearables
- Desktop media hubs
Furthermore, it enables control using media keys and voice assistants (Siri, Google Assistant, Bixby, Alexa).
Understanding the Media Session API
The API centers on two interfaces:
-
MediaMetadata
: Provides media details (title, album, artwork, artist – Kendrick Lamar, in our example). -
MediaSession
: Manages playback functionality.
Before implementation, always check browser support:
if ('mediaSession' in navigator) { // Media Session API code here }
MediaMetadata
Interface
MediaMetadata.MediaMetadata()
creates a MediaMetadata
object. Key properties include:
-
MediaMetadata.title
: Media title. -
MediaMetadata.artist
: Artist or group. -
MediaMetadata.album
: Album name. -
MediaMetadata.artwork
: Array ofMediaImage
objects (image URLs, sizes, MIME types).
Example for Kendrick Lamar's "Alright":
if ('mediaSession' in navigator) { navigator.mediaSession.metadata = new MediaMetadata({ title: 'Alright', artist: 'Kendrick Lamar', album: 'To Pimp A Butterfly', artwork: [ { src: 'https://mytechnicalarticle/kendrick-lamar/to-pimp-a-butterfly/alright/96x96', sizes: '96x96', type: 'image/png' }, { src: 'https://mytechnicalarticle/kendrick-lamar/to-pimp-a-butterfly/alright/128x128', sizes: '128x128', type: 'image/png' }, // Add more sizes (192x192, 256x256, etc.) ] }); }
MediaSession
Interface
This interface provides user playback control:
-
play()
: Starts playback. -
pause()
: Pauses playback. -
previoustrack()
: Plays the previous track. -
nexttrack()
: Plays the next track. -
seekbackward()
: Seeks backward (by a specified offset). -
seekforward()
: Seeks forward. -
seekto()
: Seeks to a specific time. -
stop()
: Stops playback. -
skipad()
: Skips ads (implementation details omitted here for brevity).
setActionHandler()
registers handlers for these actions. Example for play/pause:
let alright = new Audio(); // Use Audio instead of HTMLAudioElement if ('mediaSession' in navigator) { navigator.mediaSession.setActionHandler('play', () => alright.play()); navigator.mediaSession.setActionHandler('pause', () => alright.pause()); }
Similar handlers are implemented for previoustrack
, nexttrack
, seekbackward
, seekforward
, seekto
, and stop
. seekbackward
and seekforward
use a default 10-second offset if details.seekOffset
is unavailable. seekto
handles both standard and fast seeking. The stop
handler pauses and resets the playback time.
Remember to update the playback state using setPositionState()
after each action:
if ('mediaSession' in navigator) { navigator.mediaSession.setPositionState({ duration: alright.duration, playbackRate: alright.playbackRate, position: alright.currentTime }); }
Error handling is crucial; wrap setActionHandler
calls in a try...catch
block to gracefully handle unsupported actions.
A complete example incorporating error handling and state updates is provided in the original article. Remember to replace placeholder image URLs with actual URLs. The demo showcases the API's functionality across various devices and platforms. Consider implementing this API in your media-rich applications for enhanced user experience.
The above is the detailed content of Give Users Control: The Media Session API. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!

Hot AI Tools

Undress AI Tool
Undress images for free

Undresser.AI Undress
AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover
Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Clothoff.io
AI clothes remover

Video Face Swap
Swap faces in any video effortlessly with our completely free AI face swap tool!

Hot Article

Hot Tools

Notepad++7.3.1
Easy-to-use and free code editor

SublimeText3 Chinese version
Chinese version, very easy to use

Zend Studio 13.0.1
Powerful PHP integrated development environment

Dreamweaver CS6
Visual web development tools

SublimeText3 Mac version
God-level code editing software (SublimeText3)

There are three ways to create a CSS loading rotator: 1. Use the basic rotator of borders to achieve simple animation through HTML and CSS; 2. Use a custom rotator of multiple points to achieve the jump effect through different delay times; 3. Add a rotator in the button and switch classes through JavaScript to display the loading status. Each approach emphasizes the importance of design details such as color, size, accessibility and performance optimization to enhance the user experience.

To deal with CSS browser compatibility and prefix issues, you need to understand the differences in browser support and use vendor prefixes reasonably. 1. Understand common problems such as Flexbox and Grid support, position:sticky invalid, and animation performance is different; 2. Check CanIuse confirmation feature support status; 3. Correctly use -webkit-, -moz-, -ms-, -o- and other manufacturer prefixes; 4. It is recommended to use Autoprefixer to automatically add prefixes; 5. Install PostCSS and configure browserslist to specify the target browser; 6. Automatically handle compatibility during construction; 7. Modernizr detection features can be used for old projects; 8. No need to pursue consistency of all browsers,

Themaindifferencesbetweendisplay:inline,block,andinline-blockinHTML/CSSarelayoutbehavior,spaceusage,andstylingcontrol.1.Inlineelementsflowwithtext,don’tstartonnewlines,ignorewidth/height,andonlyapplyhorizontalpadding/margins—idealforinlinetextstyling

Use the clip-path attribute of CSS to crop elements into custom shapes, such as triangles, circular notches, polygons, etc., without relying on pictures or SVGs. Its advantages include: 1. Supports a variety of basic shapes such as circle, ellipse, polygon, etc.; 2. Responsive adjustment and adaptable to mobile terminals; 3. Easy to animation, and can be combined with hover or JavaScript to achieve dynamic effects; 4. It does not affect the layout flow, and only crops the display area. Common usages are such as circular clip-path:circle (50pxatcenter) and triangle clip-path:polygon (50%0%, 100 0%, 0 0%). Notice

Setting the style of links you have visited can improve the user experience, especially in content-intensive websites to help users navigate better. 1. Use CSS's: visited pseudo-class to define the style of the visited link, such as color changes; 2. Note that the browser only allows modification of some attributes due to privacy restrictions; 3. The color selection should be coordinated with the overall style to avoid abruptness; 4. The mobile terminal may not display this effect, and it is recommended to combine it with other visual prompts such as icon auxiliary logos.

To create responsive images using CSS, it can be mainly achieved through the following methods: 1. Use max-width:100% and height:auto to allow the image to adapt to the container width while maintaining the proportion; 2. Use HTML's srcset and sizes attributes to intelligently load the image sources adapted to different screens; 3. Use object-fit and object-position to control image cropping and focus display. Together, these methods ensure that the images are presented clearly and beautifully on different devices.

The choice of CSS units depends on design requirements and responsive requirements. 1.px is used for fixed size, suitable for precise control but lack of elasticity; 2.em is a relative unit, which is easily caused by the influence of the parent element, while rem is more stable based on the root element and is suitable for global scaling; 3.vw/vh is based on the viewport size, suitable for responsive design, but attention should be paid to the performance under extreme screens; 4. When choosing, it should be determined based on whether responsive adjustments, element hierarchy relationships and viewport dependence. Reasonable use can improve layout flexibility and maintenance.

Different browsers have differences in CSS parsing, resulting in inconsistent display effects, mainly including the default style difference, box model calculation method, Flexbox and Grid layout support level, and inconsistent behavior of certain CSS attributes. 1. The default style processing is inconsistent. The solution is to use CSSReset or Normalize.css to unify the initial style; 2. The box model calculation method of the old version of IE is different. It is recommended to use box-sizing:border-box in a unified manner; 3. Flexbox and Grid perform differently in edge cases or in old versions. More tests and use Autoprefixer; 4. Some CSS attribute behaviors are inconsistent. CanIuse must be consulted and downgraded.
