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我使用的是CentOS-6.6的虛擬機，主機名為repo。參考在Windows中安裝Linux虛擬機的步驟，我在該虛擬機中安裝了JDK，參考在Linux中安裝JDK的指南。此外，該虛擬機配置了免秘鑰登錄自身，參考配置各臺虛擬機之間免秘鑰登錄的設置。Hadoop安裝包的下載地址為：http://www.miracleart.cn/link/8485694bae96aebc7c4fe6119599d0e0。

1. 將Hadoop安裝包上傳到服務器并解壓

   [root@repo ~]# tar zxvf hadoop-2.6.5.tar.gz -C /opt/apps/

2. 配置環(huán)境變量

   # 可以直接定位到文件的最后一行
   [root@repo hadoop-2.6.5]# vi   /etc/profile
   export HADOOP_HOME=/opt/apps/hadoop-2.6.5
   export PATH=$PATH:$HADOOP_HOME/bin:$HADOOP_HOME/sbin
   [root@repo hadoop-2.6.5]# . /etc/profile

3. 修改 hadoop-env.sh、mapred-env.sh、yarn-env.sh 這三個配置文件，添加JAVA_HOME

   [root@repo hadoop]# pwd
   /opt/apps/hadoop-2.6.5/etc/hadoop
   [root@repo hadoop]# vi hadoop-env.sh
   export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk1.8.0_73
   [root@repo hadoop]# vi mapred-env.sh
   export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk1.8.0_73
   [root@repo hadoop]# vi yarn-env.sh
   export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk1.8.0_73

4. 修改 core-site.xml 和 hdfs-site.xml 配置文件，配置偽分布式相關的內容

   [root@repo hadoop]# vi core-site.xml
   <configuration>
   <property>
    <name>fs.defaultFS</name>
    <value>hdfs://repo:9000</value>
   </property>
   <property>
    <name>hadoop.tmp.dir</name>
    <value>/var/hadoop/pseudo</value>
   </property>
   </configuration>
   [root@repo hadoop]# vi hdfs-site.xml
   <configuration>
   <property>
    <name>dfs.replication</name>
    <value>1</value>
   </property>
   <property>
    <name>dfs.namenode.secondary.http-address</name>
    <value>repo:50090</value>
   </property>
   </configuration>

5. 修改 slaves 配置文件，指定DataNode所在的節(jié)點

   [root@repo hadoop]# vi slaves
   repo

6. 格式化文件系統(tǒng)

   [root@repo hadoop]# hadoop namenode --format
   # 成功信息
   17/09/16 21:17:11 INFO common.Storage: Storage directory /var/hadoop/pseudo/dfs/name has been successfully formatted.

7. 啟動HDFS和YARN

   [root@repo hadoop]# start-dfs.sh
   Starting namenodes on [repo]
   repo: starting namenode, logging to /opt/apps/hadoop-2.6.5/logs/hadoop-root-namenode-repo.out
   repo: starting datanode, logging to /opt/apps/hadoop-2.6.5/logs/hadoop-root-datanode-repo.out
   Starting secondary namenodes [repo]
   repo: starting secondarynamenode, logging to /opt/apps/hadoop-2.6.5/logs/hadoop-root-secondarynamenode-repo.out
   [root@repo hadoop]# start-yarn.sh
   starting yarn daemons
   starting resourcemanager, logging to /opt/hadoop-2.7.4/logs/yarn-root-resourcemanager-repo.out
   repo: starting nodemanager, logging to /opt/hadoop-2.7.4/logs/yarn-root-nodemanager-repo.out
   [root@repo hadoop]# jps
   4368 Jps
   3957 ResourceManager
   3512 NameNode
   3641 DataNode
   4058 NodeManager
   3805 SecondaryNameNode

8. 訪問WEB頁面 搭建成功！

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