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Home Web Front-end JS Tutorial npm and everything you need to know about the package.json

npm and everything you need to know about the package.json

Nov 28, 2024 am 12:57 AM

npm and everything you need to know about the package.json

What is npm?

npm is a package manager for NodeJS. It is also the largest single language code repository on earth and a tool for installing and managing packages from the repository on the command line.

What is a package?

The npm registry consists of numerous packages or libraries that can be downloaded, installed, and used as a dependency in a NodeJS project. An npm package is a reusable piece of code published to the npm registry. It helps developers improve their workflow by incorporating functionality, thereby reducing the need to write redundant or repetitive code.

How do I install a package in my NodeJS project?

By using the CLI command npm install

  • npm install: This command will install all the dependencies mentioned in the package.json in the node_modules folder.
  • npm install : Installs the package in the current project directory (inside the node_modules folder). The package is accessible only within that project.
  • npm install -g : Installs the package system-wide, making it available from anywhere on your machine.
  • npm install @: Installs a specific version of that package.
  • npm install --save-dev: Installs the package and puts it in the devDependencies block of package.json
  • npm install --no-save: Installs the package but does not add the entry to the package.json file dependencies.
  • npm install --save-optional: Installs the package and adds the entry to the package.json file's optionalDependencies
  • npm install --no-optional: This will prevent the installation of optional dependencies.

What is package.json?

package.json is a configuration file used in Node.js projects to manage project metadata, dependencies, and scripts. It acts as the heart of a NodeJS project.

What is the difference between devDependencies and peerDependencies?

devDependencies: These are packages and libraries needed only during development or testing. They are not included in the production code.

Installation:

npm install tslint --save-dev

peerDependencies: These are dependencies that the project needs to work on, but it expects the user who is installing the package to provide the dependency.

"peerDependencies": {
  "graphql": ">=10.0.0"
}

The above block means:

  • The project needs the package graphql to work.
  • It needs the version of the graphql package to be 10.0.0 or higher.
  • The package users must install GraphQL themselves.

Scripts in package.json

The scripts field in package.json defines commands that can be run using npm run

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