微信公眾平臺開發(fā)教學(xué)（四） 實(shí)例入門：機(jī)器人(附源碼)

?上一篇文章，寫了基本框架，可能很多人會覺得暈頭轉(zhuǎn)向，這裡提供一個(gè)簡單的例子來予以說明，希望能幫你解開謎團(tuán)。

一、功能介紹

透過微信公眾平臺實(shí)現(xiàn)線上客服機(jī)器人功能。 主要的功能包括：簡單對話、查詢天氣等服務(wù)。

這裡只是提供比較簡單的功能，重點(diǎn)放在透過此實(shí)例來說明公眾平臺的具體研發(fā)過程。只是一個(gè)簡單DEMO，如果需要的話可以在此基礎(chǔ)上擴(kuò)充。

當(dāng)然後續(xù)我們也會推出比較複雜的應(yīng)用實(shí)例。

二、具體實(shí)作

1、提供存取介面

#這裡不再贅述，參考上一章，微信公眾帳號開發(fā)教學(xué)（二) 基礎(chǔ)框架搭建
www.cnblogs.com/yank/p/3392394.html

2、簽名認(rèn)證和分發(fā)請求

這裡不再贅述，參考上一章，微信公眾帳號開發(fā)教學(xué)（二） 基礎(chǔ)框架搭建
www.cnblogs.com/yank/p/3392394.html

3、處理請求，並回應(yīng)

#1）追蹤

當(dāng)微信用戶追蹤公眾帳號時(shí)，可以給其適當(dāng)?shù)奶崾尽？梢允菤g迎詞，可以是幫助提示。

直接上程式碼：

    class EventHandler : IHandler
    {        /// <summary>
        /// 請求的xml        /// </summary>
        private string RequestXml { get; set; }        /// <summary>
        /// 構(gòu)造函數(shù)        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="requestXml"></param>
        public EventHandler(string requestXml)
        {            this.RequestXml = requestXml;
        }        /// <summary>
        /// 處理請求        /// </summary>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public string HandleRequest()
        {            string response = string.Empty;
            EventMessage em = EventMessage.LoadFromXml(RequestXml);            if (em.Event.Equals("subscribe",StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
            {                //回復(fù)歡迎消息
                TextMessage tm = new TextMessage();
                tm.ToUserName = em.FromUserName;
                tm.FromUserName = em.ToUserName;
                tm.CreateTime = Common.GetNowTime();
                tm.Content = "歡迎您關(guān)注***，我是大哥大，有事就問我，呵呵！\n\n";
                response = tm.GenerateContent();
            }            return response;
        }
    }

?2）問候

簡單的交流問候，例如你好、幫助等等，跟我們用微信聊天一樣，不過回應(yīng)是由我們的程式響應(yīng)。具體功能，可以依照自己的需求進(jìn)行添加。
微信本來就是溝通的平臺。這個(gè)案例，可以用於線上服務(wù)機(jī)器人，類似淘寶的客服機(jī)器人，可是我們這個(gè)是微信版的。呵呵
其實(shí)，很簡單，取得請求訊息，根據(jù)關(guān)鍵字來匹配回應(yīng)。當(dāng)然這裡可能要做的工作很多，如何支援智慧匹配，如何支援模糊匹配等。

程式碼如下：

    /// <summary>
    /// 文本信息處理類    /// </summary>
    public class TextHandler : IHandler
    {        /// <summary>
        /// 請求的XML        /// </summary>
        private string RequestXml { get; set; }        /// <summary>
        /// 構(gòu)造函數(shù)        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="requestXml">請求的xml</param>
        public TextHandler(string requestXml)
        {            this.RequestXml = requestXml;
        }        /// <summary>
        /// 處理請求        /// </summary>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public string HandleRequest()
        {            string response = string.Empty;
            TextMessage tm = TextMessage.LoadFromXml(RequestXml);            string content = tm.Content.Trim();            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(content))
            {
                response = "您什么都沒輸入，沒法幫您啊，%>_<%。";
            }            else
            {                if (content.StartsWith("tq", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
                {                    string cityName = content.Substring(2).Trim();
                    response = WeatherHelper.GetWeather(cityName);
                }                else
                {
                    response = HandleOther(content);
                }
            }
            tm.Content = response;            //進(jìn)行發(fā)送者、接收者轉(zhuǎn)換
            string temp = tm.ToUserName;
            tm.ToUserName = tm.FromUserName;
            tm.FromUserName = temp;
            response = tm.GenerateContent();            return response;
        }        /// <summary>
        /// 處理其他消息        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="tm"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        private string HandleOther(string requestContent)
        {            string response = string.Empty;            if (requestContent.Contains("你好") || requestContent.Contains("您好"))
            {
                response = "您也好~";
            }            else if (requestContent.Contains("傻"))
            {
                response = "我不傻！哼~ ";
            }            else if (requestContent.Contains("逼") || requestContent.Contains("操"))
            {
                response = "哼，你說臟話！ ";
            }            else if (requestContent.Contains("是誰"))
            {
                response = "我是大哥大，有什么能幫您的嗎？~";
            }            else if (requestContent.Contains("再見"))
            {
                response = "再見！";
            }            else if (requestContent.Contains("bye"))
            {
                response = "Bye！";
            }            else if (requestContent.Contains("謝謝"))
            {
                response = "不客氣！嘿嘿";
            }            else if (requestContent == "h" || requestContent == "H" || requestContent.Contains("幫助"))
            {
                response = @"查詢天氣，輸入tq 城市名稱\拼音\首字母";
            }            else
            {
                response = "您說的，可惜，我沒明白啊，試試其他關(guān)鍵字吧。";
            }            return response;
        }
    }

3）查詢天氣

這個(gè)功能需要請求即時(shí)查詢的，請求官方的天氣發(fā)佈網(wǎng)站，然後解析其返回值，按照我們需要的格式，組織天氣訊息，最後發(fā)送給微信客戶。
採用文字訊息方式處理。
使用者請求，只需輸入：tq 城市名稱/拼音/首字母，即可取得訊息。

回覆的訊息：（以北京為例）

北京
2013年11月6日 星期三
今天：(17℃~4℃)晴北風(fēng)4-5級轉(zhuǎn)3-4級4-5級轉(zhuǎn)3-4級
24小時(shí)穿衣指數(shù):天氣冷，建議著棉服、羽絨服、皮夾克加羊毛衫等冬季服裝。年老體弱者宜著厚棉衣、冬大衣或厚羽絨服。
明天：(14℃~3℃)晴轉(zhuǎn)多云微風(fēng)小于3級
48小時(shí)穿衣指數(shù):天氣冷，建議著棉服、羽絨服、皮夾克加羊毛衫等冬季服裝。年老體弱者宜著厚棉衣、冬大衣或厚羽絨服。

來看原始碼吧：

    class WeatherHelper
    {        /// <summary>
        /// 城市集合字段        /// </summary>
        private static Dictionary<string, City> mCities;        /// <summary>
        /// 城市集合        /// </summary>
        public static Dictionary<string, City> Cities
        {            get
            {                if (mCities == null)
                {
                    LoadCities();
                }                return mCities;
            }
        }        /// <summary>
        /// 加載城市        /// </summary>
        private static void LoadCities()
        {
            mCities = new Dictionary<string, City>();
            mCities.Clear();
            mCities.Add("101010100", new City() { Code = "101010100", Name = "北京", PinYin = "beijing", FristLetter = "bj" });
            mCities.Add("101020100", new City() { Code = "101020100", Name = "上海", PinYin = "shanghai", FristLetter = "sh" });
            mCities.Add("101200101", new City() { Code = "101200101", Name = "武漢", PinYin = "wuhai", FristLetter = "wh" });
            
        }        /// <summary>
        /// 獲取城市的天氣        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="name">城市名稱、拼音或首字母</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static string GetWeather(string name)
        {            string result = string.Empty;            string cityCode = string.Empty;            //獲取城市編碼
            IEnumerable<string> codes = from item in Cities                                        where item.Value != null
                                              && (item.Value.Name.Equals(name, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase) 
                                                    || item.Value.PinYin.Equals(name, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase) 
                                                    || item.Value.FristLetter.Equals(name, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))                                        select item.Value.Code;            if (codes != null && codes.Count() > 0)
            {
                cityCode = codes.First<string>();
            }            //http請求，獲取天氣
            if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(cityCode))
            {                string url = "http://m.weather.com.cn/data/{0}.html";
                url = string.Format(url, cityCode);
                WebRequest request = HttpWebRequest.Create(url);                //超時(shí)時(shí)間為：2秒
                request.Timeout = 2000;
                request.Credentials = CredentialCache.DefaultCredentials;
                WebResponse response = request.GetResponse();
                StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(response.GetResponseStream(), Encoding.UTF8);                string weahterInfo = reader.ReadToEnd();                if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(weahterInfo))
                {
                    result = "暫時(shí)沒有取到天氣數(shù)據(jù),請稍后再試";
                }                else
                {
                    XmlDocument doc = JsonConvert.DeserializeXmlNode(weahterInfo);                    if (doc != null)
                    {
                        XmlNode node = doc.DocumentElement;                        if (node != null)
                        {
                            StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();
                            builder.Append(node["city"].InnerText).Append("\n");
                            builder.Append(node["date_y"].InnerText).Append(" ").Append(node["week"].InnerText).Append("\n");
                            builder.Append("今天：").Append("(").Append(node["temp1"].InnerText).Append(")").Append(node["weather1"].InnerText).Append(node["wind1"].InnerText).Append(node["fl1"].InnerText).Append("\n");
                            builder.Append("24小時(shí)穿衣指數(shù):").Append(node["index_d"].InnerText).Append("\n");
                            builder.Append("明天：").Append("(").Append(node["temp2"].InnerText).Append(")").Append(node["weather2"].InnerText).Append(node["wind2"].InnerText).Append(node["fl2"].InnerText).Append("\n");
                            builder.Append("48小時(shí)穿衣指數(shù):").Append(node["index48_d"].InnerText).Append("\n");
                            result = builder.ToString();
                        }
                    }                    #region 天氣json數(shù)據(jù)格式                    /*
                 
                {
   "weatherinfo": {
       "city": "北京", 
       "city_en": "beijing", 
       "date_y": "2013年11月4日", 
       "date": "", 
       "week": "星期一", 
       "fchh": "11", 
       "cityid": "101010100", 
       "temp1": "17℃~5℃", 
       "temp2": "16℃~5℃", 
       "temp3": "18℃~4℃", 
       "temp4": "17℃~5℃", 
       "temp5": "14℃~6℃", 
       "temp6": "14℃~2℃", 
       "tempF1": "62.6℉~41℉", 
       "tempF2": "60.8℉~41℉", 
       "tempF3": "64.4℉~39.2℉", 
       "tempF4": "62.6℉~41℉", 
       "tempF5": "57.2℉~42.8℉", 
       "tempF6": "57.2℉~35.6℉", 
       "weather1": "晴轉(zhuǎn)多云", 
       "weather2": "多云", 
       "weather3": "多云轉(zhuǎn)晴", 
       "weather4": "晴轉(zhuǎn)多云", 
       "weather5": "多云轉(zhuǎn)陰", 
       "weather6": "陰轉(zhuǎn)晴", 
       "img1": "0", 
       "img2": "1", 
       "img3": "1", 
       "img4": "99", 
       "img5": "1", 
       "img6": "0", 
       "img7": "0", 
       "img8": "1", 
       "img9": "1", 
       "img10": "2", 
       "img11": "2", 
       "img12": "0", 
       "img_single": "0", 
       "img_title1": "晴", 
       "img_title2": "多云", 
       "img_title3": "多云", 
       "img_title4": "多云", 
       "img_title5": "多云", 
       "img_title6": "晴", 
       "img_title7": "晴", 
       "img_title8": "多云", 
       "img_title9": "多云", 
       "img_title10": "陰", 
       "img_title11": "陰", 
       "img_title12": "晴", 
       "img_title_single": "晴", 
       "wind1": "微風(fēng)", 
       "wind2": "微風(fēng)", 
       "wind3": "微風(fēng)", 
       "wind4": "微風(fēng)", 
       "wind5": "微風(fēng)", 
       "wind6": "北風(fēng)4-5級", 
       "fx1": "微風(fēng)", 
       "fx2": "微風(fēng)", 
       "fl1": "小于3級", 
       "fl2": "小于3級", 
       "fl3": "小于3級", 
       "fl4": "小于3級", 
       "fl5": "小于3級", 
       "fl6": "4-5級", 
       "index": "較冷", 
       "index_d": "建議著大衣、呢外套加毛衣、衛(wèi)衣等服裝。體弱者宜著厚外套、厚毛衣。因晝夜溫差較大，注意增減衣服。", 
       "index48": "冷", 
       "index48_d": "天氣冷，建議著棉服、羽絨服、皮夾克加羊毛衫等冬季服裝。年老體弱者宜著厚棉衣、冬大衣或厚羽絨服。", 
       "index_uv": "中等", 
       "index48_uv": "弱", 
       "index_xc": "適宜", 
       "index_tr": "適宜", 
       "index_co": "舒適", 
       "st1": "17", 
       "st2": "5", 
       "st3": "17", 
       "st4": "5", 
       "st5": "18", 
       "st6": "6", 
       "index_cl": "適宜", 
       "index_ls": "適宜", 
       "index_ag": "極不易發(fā)"
   }
}                */
                    #endregion

                }
            }            else
            {
                result = "沒有獲取到該城市的天氣,請確定輸入了正確的城市名稱,如\&#39;北京\&#39;或者\(yùn)&#39;beijing\&#39;或者\(yùn)&#39;bj\&#39;";
            }            //返回
            return result;
        }        /// <summary>
        /// 內(nèi)部類：城市        /// </summary>
        internal class City
        {            /// <summary>
            /// 編碼            /// </summary>
            public string Code { get; set; }            /// <summary>
            /// 名稱            /// </summary>
            public string Name { get; set; }            /// <summary>
            /// 拼音            /// </summary>
            public string PinYin { get; set; }            /// <summary>
            /// 拼音首字母            /// </summary>
            public string FristLetter { get; set; }
        }
    }

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