媒體查詢通過檢測設(shè)備特性如屏幕寬度、高度或分辨率來應(yīng)用特定CSS樣式。使用@media規(guī)則，後接媒體類型和條件，例如@media screen and (max-width: 768px)會為屏幕寬度小於等於768像素的設(shè)備應(yīng)用樣式。常見斷點(diǎn)包括移動電話（豎屏：max-width: 480px，橫屏：max-width: 767px），平板（768px至1023px），以及桌面設(shè)備（min-width: 1024px）?？蓪⒍鄠€條件用and組合以實現(xiàn)更精確匹配。編寫整潔媒體查詢的技巧包括將相關(guān)樣式歸組、採用移動優(yōu)先策略、在真實設(shè)備或模擬器上測試，並註意媒體查詢基於視口大小而非設(shè)備本身。掌握基本結(jié)構(gòu)和常用特性即可實現(xiàn)響應(yīng)式設(shè)計。

A basic media query checks the characteristics of a device — like screen width, height, or resolution — and applies CSS styles only if the condition is met. The syntax is straightforward and integrates directly into your CSS.

How to Use Media Queries in CSS

You can place a media query inside your CSS file using the @media rule followed by one or more conditions. Here's the most common structure:

 @media media-type and (media-feature) {
  /* CSS rules go here */
}

For example, if you want to apply specific styles only on screens narrower than 768 pixels, you'd write:

 @media screen and (max-width: 768px) {
  body {
    background-color: lightblue;
  }
}

This tells the browser: "If this is a screen and its width is 768px or less, use these styles."

• @media starts the query.
• screen specifies the media type (other types include print , speech , etc.).
• (max-width: 768px) is the media feature — it could also be min-width , orientation , resolution , and more.

Common Media Query Breakpoints

While there's no official standard for breakpoints, some common ones are widely used across projects:

• Mobile phones (portrait): max-width: 480px
• Mobile phones (landscape): max-width: 767px
• Tablets: between 768px and 1023px
• Desktops: min-width: 1024px

Here's how you might target tablets and desktops separately:

 /* Tablet styles */
@media screen and (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 1023px) {
  .container {
    width: 90%;
  }
}

/* Desktop styles */
@media screen and (min-width: 1024px) {
  .container {
    width: 80%;
  }
}

You can chain multiple features together with and , which lets you create more precise targeting.

Tips for Writing Clean Media Queries

To keep your code organized and maintainable:

• Keep related styles grouped : Instead of scattering media queries throughout your CSS, group them near the base styles they modify.
• Use mobile-first approach : Start with default styles for small screens, then add media queries to enhance layout for larger devices.
• Test on real devices or simulators : Sometimes pixel values don't behave exactly as expected due to device scaling or zooming.

Also, remember that media queries match based on the current viewport size, not the device itself. So resizing your browser window will tr??igger different styles if your media queries are set up correctly.

基本上就這些。只要掌握了基本結(jié)構(gòu)和a few commonly used features, you're well on your way to responsive design.

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