Linux Performance Tuning and Server Optimization Techniques
Optimizing CPU usage requires monitoring utilization and adjusting priority, frequency strategy and binding core; 2. Memory optimization should reduce Swappiness, clean caches and rationally configure application memory; 3. Disk I/O optimization includes selecting appropriate scheduler, file system, mount options and RAID/LVM configuration; 4. Network tuning requires adjusting TCP parameters, enabling interrupt merging and balancing interrupt load; 5. System-level optimization recommends turning off redundant services, using chrony synchronization time and tuning kernel parameters, combining tools such as perf and sar to continuously analyze performance bottlenecks, and finally gradually improve system efficiency through baseline comparison, and fully realize stable and efficient operation of the server.
Jul 31, 2025 am 03:15 AM
What are Linux Namespaces and Cgroups?
Namespacesprovideisolationbygivingprocessesseparateviewsofsystemresources,whileCgroupscontrolresourceusagesuchasCPU,memory,andI/O.1.PID,Mount,Network,UTS,IPC,User,andCgroupnamespacesisolateprocesstrees,filesystems,networkstacks,hostnames,inter-proces
Jul 31, 2025 am 02:40 AM
How to Use `grep` for Powerful Pattern Matching in Linux
grep is the core tool used for text search in Linux, which can quickly find content through pattern matching; its basic syntax is grep[options]PATTERN[FILE...], for example, grep"error"/var/log/syslog can find lines containing "error", which is case sensitive by default, and case can be ignored using the -i option, such as grep-i"error"/var/log/syslog; supports regular expressions, 1. Use ^ to match the beginning of the line, such as grep"^Failed"/var/log/a
Jul 31, 2025 am 02:07 AM
Building a NAS (Network Attached Storage) with Linux
Choosecompatiblehardwarelikealow-powerCPU,4–8GBRAM,NAS-ratedHDDs,andGigabitEthernet.2.InstallasuitableLinuxdistributionsuchasOpenMediaVaultorUbuntuServerforeaseofuseandstrongsupport.3.ConfigurestorageusingRAID1/5/6orZFSfordataredundancyandintegrity,c
Jul 31, 2025 am 01:45 AM
How to Secure Apache on a Linux Server
Keep the system and Apache updated to get security patches; 2. Disable unused modules (such as status, autoindex) to reduce the attack surface; 3. Hide Apache version and operating system information to prevent information leakage; 4. Force HTTPS and configure strong TLS encryption; 5. Disable directory listing and restrict file access permissions; 6. Set correct file owners and permissions (such as www-data, 644/755); 7. Enable mod_security and mod_evasive to defend against web attacks and DDoS; 8. Enable logging and monitor regularly to detect abnormal behaviors - these steps can significantly improve Apache security and build an effective protection foundation.
Jul 31, 2025 am 01:19 AM
What is Kubernetes (K8s) and what problems does it solve?
Kubernetessolvesthechallengesofmanagingcontainerizedapplicationsatscalebyautomatingdeployment,scaling,andoperations.1)Iteliminatesmanualcontainermanagementbyautomaticallyhandlingfailures,scaling,andworkloaddistribution.2)Itensuresconsistentapplicatio
Jul 31, 2025 am 01:19 AM
Understanding Linux Memory Management and Optimization
Linuxefficientlyusesmemorybycachingfilesandbuffers,sohigh"used"memoryisnormalif"available"memoryissufficient.2.Swaphelpspreventcrashesonlow-RAMsystemsorduringspikesbutshouldbelimitedonsystemswithampleRAMorSSDstoavoidperformancedeg
Jul 31, 2025 am 12:11 AM
How to Manage Kernel Modules in Linux with `modprobe`
modprobe is the core tool in Linux for loading, uninstalling and managing kernel modules. It can automatically handle module dependencies. 1. Use the command sudomodprobemodule_name to load the module. For example, sudomodprobenfs will automatically load nfs and its dependencies such as sunrpc. 2. Use sudomodprobe-rmodule_name to uninstall the module. For example, sudomodprobe-rnfs will remove nfs and unused dependent modules, provided that the module is not occupied. 3. Check the module status by lsmod|grepmodule_name to check whether it has been loaded, and use modinfomodulu to
Jul 30, 2025 am 02:53 AM
A Deep Dive into the Linux Kernel Networking Stack
The Linux network stack is packaged into the softnet_data queue through netif_rx()/NAPI from the network card driver; 2.net_rx_action() is processed and distributed to the protocol layer such as ip_rcv(), supporting eBPF filtering; 3. IP layer verification and routing search, and locally send to the transport layer, otherwise forwarding; 4. TCP/UDP delivers applications according to the socket queue, and rmem_max affects UDP packet collection performance. Understanding this process can accurately locate packet loss and optimize performance, which is a necessary foundation for practical combat.
Jul 30, 2025 am 02:40 AM
How to Set Up a Secure SSH Server on Linux
InstallandenabletheSSHserverusingpackagemanagerslikeaptordnf,thenstartandverifytheservice.2.HardenSSHconfigurationbychangingthedefaultportto2222,disablingrootloginwithPermitRootLoginno,allowingspecificusersviaAllowUsers,disablingpasswordauthenticatio
Jul 30, 2025 am 02:19 AM
Comparing Linux Filesystems: Ext4 vs. Btrfs vs. XFS
Ext4isbestforgeneraldesktoporlaptopuseandenvironmentsrequiringmaximumstability,offeringreliabilityandsimplicitybutlackingmodernfeatureslikesnapshotsorchecksums.2.Btrfsisidealforsystemsneedingsnapshots,rollbacks,anddataintegrityfeatures,suitableforhom
Jul 30, 2025 am 02:19 AM
Using Linux as a Daily Driver for Work and Productivity
Linuxisapracticaldailydriverforproductivity;1.ChooseadistrolikeUbuntuforbeginnersorPop!_OSforcreatives;2.InstallcoretoolslikeLibreOffice,Obsidian,andThunderbirdviaFlatpak/Snap;3.OptimizeyourDE—useGNOMEforsimplicityorKDEforcustomizationwithworkspacesh
Jul 30, 2025 am 02:12 AM
A Guide to Linux User and Group Management
Linuxuserandgroupmanagementensuresproperaccesscontrolandsystemorganizationthroughuseraccountsandgroupmemberships.2.UsershaveuniqueUIDsandarecategorizedasregularusersortherootuser(UID0),whilegroupssimplifypermissionassignmentsbygroupingusers.3.Keycomm
Jul 30, 2025 am 01:58 AM
Troubleshooting Application Crashes on Linux
Checksystemandapplicationlogsusingjournalctl,application-specificlogfiles,anddesktopenvironmentlogstoidentifyerrormessages;2.Usedmesgtodetectkernel-levelissueslikeOOMkilleractionsorsegmentationfaults;3.Runtheappfromtheterminaltocapturereal-timeerroro
Jul 30, 2025 am 01:47 AM
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