Scrapy? Python?? ??? ??? ? ??? ??????, ? ??? ??? ???? ? ???? ???? ???? ???? ???? ??? ??? ??? ? ?? ??? ?? ????? ??? ? ????. Scrapy? ??? ??? ??? ?? ??? Spider ?????, API ? ????? ?????. ? ????? Scrapy Spider?? ?? ? ??? ?? ?? ??? ???? ??? ?????.

???? ?? ? ?? ?? ??? ???? ???. Scrapy ???? ????? ?? ? ??? ?? ?????.

1. ???? ????? ???????.
2. ????? ????? ?? ???? ??? ??? ?????.
3. ??? ???? ??? ?? ??? ?????.

?? ?? ??? ?? ?? ? ??? ????? ??? ??? ???? ?? Spider?? ?? ?? ??? ?????. Scrapy Spider? XPath ???, CSS ???, ?? ??? ?? ?? ???? ???? ?? ??? ?? ???? ??? ??? ?????. ??? ???? ??? ??? ????? ?? ??? ??? ???? ???? ???? ??? ???? ???.

Scrapy? ??? ??? ?? ?? ??? ???? ?? ??? Selector ??? ?????. ??? ? ?? ?? Selector ?????.

• CSSSelector: CSS ??? ??? ???? ? ??
• XPathSelector: XPath ???? ???? ? ?? ??.
• HtmlXPathSelector: XPathSelector?? ???? ????? HTML ?? ?? ??? ?????.
• XmlXPathSelector: XPathSelector?? ???? XML ?? ?? ??? ?????.

Spider?? ??? ???? ??? ???? ???? ???? ??? ??? ? ????.

??? Scrapy Spider?? ?? ???? ?? ?? ??? ???? ??? ???? ????.

?? ??? Scrapy ????? ???? ??? Spider? ???? ???. Spider??? parse() ??? ???? ??? ?? ??? ????? ?? ??? ???? ?? ??? ? ??? ?? ??? ??? ? ????. ??? ??? ???????.

import scrapy

class MySpider(scrapy.Spider):
    name = 'myspider'
    start_urls = ['http://example.com']

    def parse(self, response):
        # Here we can use multiple parsing methods to extract desired data
        # We can either use CSS selectors or XPath selectors
        css_selector_data = response.css('div.content p::text').extract_first()
        xpath_selector_data = response.xpath('//div[contains(@class, "content")]/p/text()').extract_first()
        # print the extracted data from both methods
        print(f"CSS Selector parsed data: {css_selector_data}")
        print(f"XPath Selector parsed data: {xpath_selector_data}")

? Spider??? ??? ?? ??() ???? ? ?? ?? ??? ???? ???? ??(???? ??? ?? ??? ??)? ???? ?? ?????. ? ?? ???? CSS ???? ???? ??? ?? ? ?? ??? ??? ???? ??????. ? ?? ???? XPath ???? ???? ??? ??? ??????. ? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ? ????? ???? ???? ? ??? ? ??? ??? Spider?? ? ? ?? ?? ? ?? ??? ? ????.

? ?? ?? ??? Scrapy ?????? ? ? ??? ?? ?? ????? ???? ??? ??? ? ???? ???? ????. ???? ?? ?? ????? ???? ?? start_urls? ???? ???.

import scrapy


class CustomSpider1(scrapy.Spider):
    name = "test1"
    start_urls = ['http://example.com']

    def parse(self, response):
        # Use CSS selector to extract the title from the HTML
        title = response.css('title::text').extract_first()
        print(f"Title parsed by 'test1' spider: {title}")


class CustomSpider2(scrapy.Spider):
    name = "test2"
    start_urls = ['http://example.org']

    def parse(self, response):
        # Use XPath selector to extract the title from the XML
        title = response.xpath('//title/text()').extract_first()
        print(f"Title parsed by 'test2' spider: {title}")

??? ??? Scrapy Spider? ? ?? ????. ? ????? ?? ?? ??? ??(?: CSS ??? ? XPath ???)? ???? ?? ??? ?????. ?? ??? ? Spider?? ?? start_url? ??? ??? ??? ? ???? ???? ? ??? ?? ??? ??? URL ?? ??? ??? ?? ????.

???? Scrapy Spider? ??? ??? ?? ??? ?????. ?? ?? ? ?? ?? ??? Scrapy ?????? ??? ??? ????? Scrapy? ???? ?? ?? ??? ???? ??? ? ????. ?? ??? ???? Scrapy? ??? ???, ?? ??, ??? ?? ? ?? ???? ?? ???? ??? ???? ?? ???? ??? ???? ????? ?????.

? ??? Scrapy Spider? ?? ? ??? ?? ?? ??? ???? ??? ?? ?????. ??? ??? PHP ??? ????? ?? ?? ??? ?????!