Laravel? ?? ?? ?? PHP ??????? ? ?????? ??? ?? ???? ?????. Laravel? MySQL, PostgreSQL, SQLite? ??? ??? ?????? ??? ?????. ? ???? ?? ?? ??? ???? Laravel? ???? MySQL ??????? ?? ???? ??? ?????:

1. MySQL ??
2. ?????? ??
3. Laravel ?? ?? ??
4. ?????? ??
5. ?????? ??
6. MySQL ??

?? ?? ???? MySQL? ?????. ?? MySQL ?? ????? ????? XAMPP? ?? ????? ???? ??? ? ????. Laravel? ????? ???? ?? ??? MySQL? ?? ??? ???? ???. Windows ?????? ??? ??? ? ????.

1) ???-> ??? ? ??-> ?? ??? ??-> ?? ??

2) "??? ??"? ????. Path"? ???? ?? MySQL bin ?? ??? ?????. ?:

C:Program FilesMySQLMySQL Server 8.0in;

2. ?????? ???

MySQL ????? ????(?: MySQL ??? ????? ?? phpMyAdmin)? ???? ? ??????? ????. ?:

CREATE DATABASE laravel_db;

???? ??????? ???? ???. Laravel ????? ?????.

3. Laravel ?? ?? ??

??? ???? ???? Laravel ????? .env ??? ???. Laravel?? ???? ?? ?? ?????. ? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ???? ??????? ??? ??? ?? ? ????? ??? ? ????. .env文件，這是Laravel使用的環(huán)境變量文件。在該文件中，可以設(shè)置應(yīng)用程序所需的各種變量和參數(shù)，包括數(shù)據(jù)庫連接信息。

DB_CONNECTION=mysql
DB_HOST=127.0.0.1
DB_PORT=3306
DB_DATABASE=laravel_db
DB_USERNAME=root
DB_PASSWORD=

這些參數(shù)比較容易理解。DB_CONNECTION指定使用哪種數(shù)據(jù)庫系統(tǒng)，例如MySQL；DB_HOST、DB_PORT和DB_DATABASE指定連接MySQL的主機(jī)名、端口號和數(shù)據(jù)庫名稱，而DB_USERNAME和DB_PASSWORD則是連接用戶名和密碼。必須確保這些值與MySQL的配置相匹配，才可以成功連接到數(shù)據(jù)庫。

4. 創(chuàng)建遷移

遷移是Laravel中數(shù)據(jù)表的創(chuàng)建、修改和刪除的機(jī)制。通過遷移，可以在任何環(huán)境中完成這些操作，并輕松地將這些更改應(yīng)用于不同的服務(wù)器。

在Laravel中，遷移存儲在database/migrations目錄中?？梢允褂肁rtisan命令行工具創(chuàng)建新的遷移文件。比如，下面這個命令將創(chuàng)建一個創(chuàng)建users表的遷移：

php artisan make:migration create_users_table

這將在migrations目錄中創(chuàng)建一個新文件，名為2020_07_30_135314_create_users_table.php

<?php

use IlluminateDatabaseMigrationsMigration;
use IlluminateDatabaseSchemaBlueprint;
use IlluminateSupportFacadesSchema;

class CreateUsersTable extends Migration
{
    /**
     * Run the migrations.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function up()
    {
        Schema::create('users', function (Blueprint $table) {
            $table->id();
            $table->string('name');
            $table->string('email')->unique();
            $table->timestamp('email_verified_at')->nullable();
            $table->string('password');
            $table->rememberToken();
            $table->timestamps();
        });
    }

    /**
     * Reverse the migrations.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function down()
    {
        Schema::dropIfExists('users');
    }
}

? ????? ??? ???? ????. DB_CONNECTION? ??? ?????? ???? ?????(?: DB_HOST, DB_PORT ? DB_DATABASE)? ??? ??? ?????. MySQL? ????, ?? ??? ?????? ??? ????, DB_USERNAME ? DB_PASSWORD? ?? ??? ??? ???????. ??????? ????? ????? ?? ??? ?? MySQL? ??? ????? ???? ???.

Create migrations
Migration? Laravel?? ??? ???? ??, ??, ???? ???????. ??????? ???? ?? ???? ??? ??? ??? ? ??? ?? ??? ?? ??? ?? ??? ? ????.
Laravel??? ??????? Database/migrations ????? ?????. Artisan ??? ??? ???? ??? ?????? ??? ??? ? ????. ?? ??, ?? ??? ??? ???? ???? ??????? ?????:

php artisan migrate --path=/database/migrations/create_users_table.php

??? ?? ?????? ????? 2020_07_30_135314_create_users_table.php?? ? ??? ?????(?????? ?? ? ??). ? ??? ?? Laravel? ?? ??? ??? ???? ?? ? ? ????.

rrreee

up() ???? users?? ???? ???? ???? ? ??? ???? ?????. id() ???? ?? ?? ????, name() ? email() ???? ?? ??? ??? ????, timestamp() ???? ?????? ????, RememberToken() ???? "????"? ???? ?? ??? ?????. ????. ??? timestamps() ???? ? ?? ????? ??(created_at ? update_at)? ?????.

?? ??? ????? ?? ??? ???? ? ??? ?? ? ??? ??? ??? ? ????. ??????? ???? ??? ? ????.

Run migrations
????????? ??? ???? ????? Laravel? ?????? ????? ???? ???. ?? Artisan ??? ??? ???? ??? ?????? ??? ??? ? ????: ??rrreee?? ? ??? ??? ?? ?? ?? ??, ??? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ??? ?????. ?????? Laravel?? ??? ???? ??? ? ????. ????, ?? ?? ?? ???? Eloquent ??? ???? ???? ???? ????, ???? ???? ?? ? ????, ???? ????? ? ????. ???????????? Laravel ??? ??????? ???? ?????. ?? ????? Eloquent? ???? ??? MySQL ? PostgreSQL? ?? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ??? ?? ??? ???? ??? ?? ? ?? ??? ?????. Laravel? ???? ??? ? ??????? ???? ?? ??? ?? ???? ?? ?????. ??

? ??? laravel ??? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ?????. ??? ??? PHP ??? ????? ?? ?? ??? ?????!