nginx ?? ??

1. http ???, ??? ???: ? ??, ?? ??? ????? ?? ????? ???? ?? ? ?????.

??? ?? ??? ?? ??? ???? ?? ? ?? ??? ????????. ??? ??? ??? ???? ? ????.

nginx? ??? ???? ?? ? ???? ??? ????, ??? ???? ??? ??? ??? ? ????. nginx? ??? ?? ?? ??? ???? ??? ?? ??? ??? ? ????. ?? ??, ?? ??? ???? ???? ?? ?? ???? ?? ? ??? ?? ?? ?? ?? ??? ????. ??? ??? ?? ???? ? ? ????. ??? nginx? ??? ??? ?? ?? ??? ??, ?? ?? ?? ?????. ?? ??? ??? ?? ?? ?? ??? ??? ?? ??? ? ???? ????? ??? ??? ? ????.

2. ?? ???

nginx? ?? ??? ?? ????? ? ?? ??? ?? ??? ??? ?????. ?? ?? ??? ??, ??? ?? ? IP ?????. ?? ??? ??? ? ?? ?? ???? ????, ?? ?? ?? ????. ?? ?? ??? ????? ???? ??? ?? ???? ???.

? ? ?? ??? ? ? ?? ?? ??? ????? ??? ?????

ip ?? ????, ?????? ??? IP? ?? ?? ??? ??? ? ??? ????? IP? ?? ??? ??? ?????? ?????. ?? ?? ?? ????? ???? ???? ??? ???? ?? ??? ??? ? ????.

3. ? ??

nginx? ??? ???? ??? ??? ?? ??? ?? ??? ??? ? ??? ?? fastcgi ?? ????? ???? ? ???? fastcgi_cache? ?????. ?? ngx_cache_purge? ???? ??? URL ?? ???? ?? ? ???? ??? ? ????.

4. nginx ?? ??

?? ??:

?? ????:

nginx ?? ?? ??

?? ??? ??????? conf ??? ?? nginx.conf ??? ?????. nginx ?? ?? ??? ?? ??? ??? ?????.

nginx.conf? ?? ?? ?? #

nginx ??? ??? ?? ? ???? ???? ??? ?? ??? ? ????.

?? ??

#user nobody;
worker_processes 1;
#error_log logs/error.log;
#error_log logs/error.log notice;
#error_log logs/error.log info;
#pid    logs/nginx.pid;
events {
  worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
  include    mime.types;
  default_type application/octet-stream;
  #log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
  #         '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
  #         '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
  #access_log logs/access.log main;
  sendfile    on;
  #tcp_nopush   on;
  #keepalive_timeout 0;
  keepalive_timeout 65;
  #gzip on;
  server {
    listen    80;
    server_name localhost;
    #charset koi8-r;
    #access_log logs/host.access.log main;
    location / {
      root  html;
      index index.html index.htm;
    }
    #error_page 404       /404.html;
    # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
    #
    error_page  500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
    location = /50x.html {
      root  html;
    }
    # proxy the php scripts to apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
    #
    #location ~ \.php$ {
    #  proxy_pass  http://127.0.0.1;
    #}
    # pass the php scripts to fastcgi server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
    #
    #location ~ \.php$ {
    #  root      html;
    #  fastcgi_pass  127.0.0.1:9000;
    #  fastcgi_index index.php;
    #  fastcgi_param script_filename /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
    #  include    fastcgi_params;
    #}
    # deny access to .htaccess files, if apache's document root
    # concurs with nginx's one
    #
    #location ~ /\.ht {
    #  deny all;
    #}
  }
  # another virtual host using mix of ip-, name-, and port-based configuration
  #
  #server {
  #  listen    8000;
  #  listen    somename:8080;
  #  server_name somename alias another.alias;
  #  location / {
  #    root  html;
  #    index index.html index.htm;
  #  }
  #}
  # https server
  #
  #server {
  #  listen    443 ssl;
  #  server_name localhost;
  #  ssl_certificate   cert.pem;
  #  ssl_certificate_key cert.key;
  #  ssl_session_cache  shared:ssl:1m;
  #  ssl_session_timeout 5m;
  #  ssl_ciphers high:!anull:!md5;
  #  ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
  #  location / {
  #    root  html;
  #    index index.html index.htm;
  #  }
  #}
}

nginx ?? ??

...       #全局塊
events {     #events塊
  ...
}
http   #http塊
{
  ...  #http全局塊
  server    #server塊
  { 
    ...    #server全局塊
    location [pattern]  #location塊
    {
      ...
    }
    location [pattern] 
    {
      ...
    }
  }
  server
  {
   ...
  }
  ...   #http全局塊
}

1. ?? ??: nginx? ????? ??? ??? ??? ?????. ????? nginx ??? ???? ?? ??? ??, nginx ???? pid ?? ??, ?? ?? ??, ?? ?? ??, ?? ??? ??? ???? ? ?? ????.

2. ??? ??: ??? nginx ?? ?? ????? ???? ??? ??? ????. ????? ?? ?? ?, ?? ??? ???? ?? ??? ??? ?? ??, ??? ?? ???? ??? ???? ??, ?? ???? ??? ???? ????? ?? ?? ????.

3. http ??: ?? ??? ????, ???, ??, ?? ?? ? ?? ???? ??? ?? ?? ??? ??? ? ????. ?? ??, MIME ?? ??, ?? ??? ??, sendfile? ???? ?? ?? ??, ?? ?? ??, ?? ?? ?? ? ?.

4. ?? ??: ?? ???? ?? ????? ?????. ??? http? ?? ??? ?? ? ????.

5. ?? ??: ?? ??? ? ??? ??? ??? ?????.

??? ???? ??? ?? ?? ?? ????, ??? ?? ?? ?? ??? ???? ???? ????.

########### 每個(gè)指令必須有分號(hào)結(jié)束。#################
#user administrator administrators; #配置用戶或者組，默認(rèn)為nobody nobody。
#worker_processes 2; #允許生成的進(jìn)程數(shù)，默認(rèn)為1
#pid /nginx/pid/nginx.pid;  #指定nginx進(jìn)程運(yùn)行文件存放地址
error_log log/error.log debug; #制定日志路徑，級(jí)別。這個(gè)設(shè)置可以放入全局塊，http塊，server塊，級(jí)別以此為：debug|info|notice|warn|error|crit|alert|emerg
events {
  accept_mutex on;  #設(shè)置網(wǎng)路連接序列化，防止驚群現(xiàn)象發(fā)生，默認(rèn)為on
  multi_accept on; #設(shè)置一個(gè)進(jìn)程是否同時(shí)接受多個(gè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)連接，默認(rèn)為off
  #use epoll;   #事件驅(qū)動(dòng)模型，select|poll|kqueue|epoll|resig|/dev/poll|eventport
  worker_connections 1024;  #最大連接數(shù)，默認(rèn)為512
}
http {
  include    mime.types;  #文件擴(kuò)展名與文件類型映射表
  default_type application/octet-stream; #默認(rèn)文件類型，默認(rèn)為text/plain
  #access_log off; #取消服務(wù)日志  
  log_format myformat '$remote_addr–$remote_user [$time_local] $request $status $body_bytes_sent $http_referer $http_user_agent $http_x_forwarded_for'; #自定義格式
  access_log log/access.log myformat; #combined為日志格式的默認(rèn)值
  sendfile on;  #允許sendfile方式傳輸文件，默認(rèn)為off，可以在http塊，server塊，location塊。
  sendfile_max_chunk 100k; #每個(gè)進(jìn)程每次調(diào)用傳輸數(shù)量不能大于設(shè)定的值，默認(rèn)為0，即不設(shè)上限。
  keepalive_timeout 65; #連接超時(shí)時(shí)間，默認(rèn)為75s，可以在http，server，location塊。

  upstream mysvr {  
   server 127.0.0.1:7878;
   server 192.168.10.121:3333 backup; #熱備
  }
  error_page 404 https://www.baidu.com; #錯(cuò)誤頁(yè)
  server {
    keepalive_requests 120; #單連接請(qǐng)求上限次數(shù)。
    listen    4545;  #監(jiān)聽端口
    server_name 127.0.0.1;  #監(jiān)聽地址    
    location ~*^.+$ {    #請(qǐng)求的url過(guò)濾，正則匹配，~為區(qū)分大小寫，~*為不區(qū)分大小寫。
      #root path; #根目錄
      #index vv.txt; #設(shè)置默認(rèn)頁(yè)
      proxy_pass http://mysvr; #請(qǐng)求轉(zhuǎn)向mysvr 定義的服務(wù)器列表
      deny 127.0.0.1; #拒絕的ip
      allow 172.18.5.54; #允許的ip      
    } 
  }
}

?? nginx? ?? ?????.

1.$remote_addr ? $http_x_forwarded_for? ?????? IP ??? ???? ? ?????. ????? ??? ??? ?????. 3.$time_local: ??? ?? ? ???? ???? ? ?????. 4.$request: ??? URL ? http ????? ???? ? ?????. 5.$status: ??? ???? ? ?????. ?? ??? 200, 6.$ body_bytes_s ent: ?????? ??? ??? ?? ?? ??? ?????. 7.$http_referer: ?? ????? ???? ??? ???? ? ?????.

2. ???? ?? ??: ???? ??? ???? ??? ?? ?? ?? ????? ???? ??? ????? ??? ?? ? ??? ?? ??? ??? ??? ????.

3. ? ??? ?????? ??? ???.

? ??? Nginx ?? ?? ?? ??? ?? ?????. ??? ??? PHP ??? ????? ?? ?? ??? ?????!