??? ??? ??????? ?? ????? ?? ???? ?????. JavaScript?? ???? ???? ???? ??? ???? ?? ????? ???? ?? ?? ??????? ???? ? ??? ? ? ????. ? ???? ??????? ??? ??? ??? ???? ?? ??? ????, ??? ??? ?? ??? ?? ???? ?? ???? ??? ?????.

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JavaScript? ??? ????

JavaScript? ??? ???? ? ?? ?? ??? ?????.

(1) ??: ?? ? ???? ?? ???? ?????.

  let name = "John"; // Allocates memory for the string "John"
  let user = { age: 30 }; // Allocates memory for the object

(2) ??: ??? ????? ???? ?? ???.

console.log(name); // Accesses memory to retrieve "John"
user.age = 31; // Modifies the value in memory

(3) ?? ??: ? ?? ???? ?? ???? ?????.

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JavaScript? ??? ??? ???? ??

JavaScript? ?? ??? ???? ???? ? ?? ???? ?? ???? ?????. ? ????? ?? ???? ???? ???.

• ?? ??? ??: ???? ???? ? ?? ??(?: ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ??)
• ??? ? ?? ??: ? ?? ??? ? ?? ??? ?? ???? ??? ?????.

---

??? ??? ??

1. ?? ??

??? ??? ?? ?? ??? ?? ??? ??? ?????. ??? 0?? ???? ??? ??? ? ?? ???.

?? ??? ?:

let obj1 = { name: "John" };
let obj2 = obj1; // obj1 and obj2 reference the same object
obj1 = null; // obj2 still references the object, so it’s not garbage collected
obj2 = null; // Now the object is unreachable and can be garbage collected

??: ?? ??? ? ??? ???? ? ????.

2. ?? ? ?? ????

V8? ?? ?? JavaScript ??? ?? ? ?? ????? ?????.

• ???? ???? ?? ??? ?? ??? ?????.
• ??? ??? ?? ???? ?? ??? ?????.

??? ? ?? ???? ?:

function createUser() {
  let user = { name: "John" }; // User object created
  return user;
}
let user1 = createUser(); // Object is reachable
user1 = null; // Object is now unreachable

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???? ??? ?? ??

1. ??? ??

? ?? ???? ?? ??? ?? ??? ? ??? ??? ?????.

?:

let globalArray = [];
function addItem() {
  globalArray.push(new Array(1000000)); // Large array added to global scope
}
// Even after the function completes, globalArray holds references to the data.

???:
?? ??? ??? ? ?? ???? ?? ??? ?????.

2. ?? ??? ??? ???

???? ??? ??? ?? ??? ???? ??? ??? ??? ? ????.

?:

  let name = "John"; // Allocates memory for the string "John"
  let user = { age: 30 }; // Allocates memory for the object

---

???? ??? ??? ?? ?

1.?? ?? ???:
?? ??? ???? ?? ?? ????? ??? ?????.

2.???? ??? ????:
? ?? ???? ?? ?? ??? ??? ?? ??? ?????.

console.log(name); // Accesses memory to retrieve "John"
user.age = 31; // Modifies the value in memory

3.WeakMap ? WeakSet ??:
??? ??? ??? ???? ?? ??? ?? ? ?? ?? ??? ??? ?????.

let obj1 = { name: "John" };
let obj2 = obj1; // obj1 and obj2 reference the same object
obj1 = null; // obj2 still references the object, so it’s not garbage collected
obj2 = null; // Now the object is unreachable and can be garbage collected

4.??? ??? ???? ? ???:
Chrome DevTools? ?? ???? ??? ???? ??? ???? ???? ??? ?????.

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??

JavaScript? ??? ??? ??? ??? ???? ????? ??? ??? ??? ??? ? ????. JavaScript? ??? ???? ???? ??? ???? ?? ???? ??? ?? ??? ?? ??? ?? ?? ???? ??? ??? ???? ??? ? ? ????.

?? ??:

• MDN ? ??: ??? ??
• ?? ????? ?? Chrome DevTools

? ??? JavaScript? ??? ?? ? ??? ?? ??? ?? ?????. ??? ??? PHP ??? ????? ?? ?? ??? ?????!