? ????? Java? Swing ??? ?????. ?? ??? ???? ??? ?? JFrame, JDialog ? JApplet? ?? ?? ??? ???? ??? ??? ?????(GUI)? ???? ?? ????????. ?? Swing ?? ??? ???? ??? ?? ??? ??? ??? ?????.

Swing? ??? ??? ??? ?????(GUI)? ??? ? ???? Java ????????. GUI? ???? ?? ???? ??? ???? GUI ?? ?????. (Oracle Docs, n.d.a). Swing ????? ???? Java ????? ??? ???????. ????? ??? ? ?? ??? ???? ???? JFrame, JDialog ? JApplet???(Oracle Docs, n.d. b).

??? ????:

JFrame? ??? ???? ?? ??? ????.

(Oracle Docs, n.d.b, ??? ??? ??(?? Windows).

JDialog ?? ?? Swing ?? ???? ?? ??? ??? ???? ??? ?? ????.

(Oracle Docs, n.d.b, ?? ?? ??? ??)

“JApplet, Java ???? Java ??? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ? ?? ??? ??? Java ???????. ???? ????? ? ??? ??? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ?????. ???? ???? ?? ????? ???. ??? ???. Applet ???? ???? ???? ?? ?? ?? ?????? ?????.”(Oracle Docs, n.d.c).
Swing ?? ??? ???? ?? ?????? ??? ??? ??? ????? ???? ????. ? ??? ????? ???? ?? ?? Swing ?? ??? ???? ?? ?? ??? ?? ??? ???(Oracle Docs, n.d.b).

????? Swing ?? GUI? ???? ??? ???????? JFrame? ??? ???? ?? ?? ??? ?? ?? ????. ?? ?? ??????? ?? ?? ? ?? ?? ??? ?? ?? ?? ?? ??? ????? ?? ? ?? ?? ??? ????. ?? ??? ??? JFrame? ?? ? ?? ???? ??? JDialog? ????. ?? Swing ?? ????? JApplet ??? ?? ???? ?? ??? ?? ?? ??? ????. ?? ??, ?? ??? ???? ????? ? ?? ?? ??? ????. ???? ? ?? ?? ??? JApplet ??? ???? ?? ?? ??? ???, ?? ??? JDialog ??? ???? ?? ?? ??? ????.

JComponent ???:

??? ????? ???? "J"? ???? ?? Swing ?? ??? JComponent ????? ?????. ?? ?? JPanel, JScrollPane, JButton ? JTable? ?? JComponent?? ?????. ??? JFrame ? JDialog? ??? ??????? ??? ????(Oracle Docs, n.d.b, The JComponent Class)

???? ??? ???:

???:
JFrame? ??, ???, ??? ?? ?? ???? ??? ???????.
????? ??????? ?? ??? ?????.
JFrame?? JPanel, JScrollPane, JButton, JTable ?? ??? ?? ?? ??? ??? ? ????.

??:
JPanel? ? ??? ?? ?? ??? ????? ? ???? ?? ???????.
?? ????? ?? ?? ? ? ??? ????.
JPanel? JFrame ??? ????? ???? ???? ? ?? ?????.

Swing ?? ??? ???? ?? ?????? ??? ??? ??? ????? ???? ????. ? ??? ????? ???? ?? ?? Swing ?? ??? ???? ?? ?? ??? ?? ??? ???(Oracle Docs, n.d.b).

????? Swing ?? GUI? ???? ??? ???????? JFrame? ??? ???? ?? ?? ??? ?? ?? ????. ?? ?? ??????? ?? ?? ? ?? ?? ??? ?? ?? ?? ?? ??? ????? ?? ? ?? ?? ??? ????. ?? ??? JFrame? ??? ??, ? ?? ???? JDialog? ??? ????.

Swing ?? ????? ??? ??? ?? ?? ??? ???, ? ? ??? JApplet ??? ???? ???. ?? ??, ?? ??? ???? ????? ? ?? ?? ??? ????. ???? ? ?? ?? ??? JApplet ??? ???? ?? ?? ??? ???, ?? ??? JDialog ??? ???? ?? ?? ??? ????.

?? ??? JFrame? JPanel? ?? GridBagLayout? ???? ??, ??? ??, ??? ?? ?? ?? ??? ???? ????. ?? JDialog, JOptionPane ?? ?? ? Dialog ? ?? ??? ???? ???? ?????. Swing ????? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?????(GUI) ?? ?????.

//--- Abstract Window Toolkit (AWT)

// Provides layout manager for arranging components in five regions: 
// north, south, east, west, and center.
import java.awt.BorderLayout;
// Grid layout - Specifies constraints for components that are laid out using the GridBagLayout.
import java.awt.GridBagConstraints;
// Grid - layout manager that aligns components vertically and horizontally, 
// without requiring the components to be of the same size.
import java.awt.GridBagLayout;
// Gird padding - Specifies the space (padding) between components and their borders.
import java.awt.Insets;
// Button - Provides the capability to handle action events like button clicks.
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
// Button event - Allows handling of action events, such as button clicks.
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

//--- swing GUI

// Button - Provides a button component that can trigger actions when clicked.
import javax.swing.JButton;
// Frame - Provides a window with decorations 
// such as a title, border, and buttons for closing and minimizing.
import javax.swing.JFrame;
// Labels - Provides a display area for a short text string or an image, or both.
import javax.swing.JLabel;
// Submition Message - Provides standard dialog boxes such as message, input, and confirmation dialogs.
import javax.swing.JOptionPane;
// Panel - Provides a generic container for grouping components together.
import javax.swing.JPanel;
// Scroll user message - Provides to the a scrollable view of a lightweight component.
import javax.swing.JScrollPane;
// User message - Provides a multi-line area to display/edit plain text.
import javax.swing.JTextArea;
// Name & Email - Provides a single-line text field for user input.
import javax.swing.JTextField;

/**
 * This class generates a simple contact form. The form includes fields for the
 * user's name, email, and message, and a submit button to submit the form.
 * 
 * @author Alejandro Ricciardi
 * @version 1.0
 * @date 06/16/2024
 */
public class contactForm {
    /**
     * The main method to create and display the contact form.
     *
     * @param args Command line arguments
     */
    public static void main(String[] args) {

        /*------------
         |   Frame   |
         ------------*/

        // ---- Initializes frame
        // Creates the main application frame
        JFrame frame = new JFrame("Contact Form");
        frame.setSize(400, 300); // Set the size of the frame
                // Close the application when the frame is closed
        frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); 
        frame.setLayout(new BorderLayout()); // Use BorderLayout for the frame

        /*------------
         |   Panel   |
         ------------*/

        // ---- Initializes panel
        // Create a panel with GridBagLayout
        JPanel panel = new JPanel(new GridBagLayout());
        GridBagConstraints gridForm = new GridBagConstraints();
        gridForm.insets = new Insets(5, 5, 5, 5); // Add padding around components

        // ---- Creates and adds grid components to the panel       // -- Name
        // Adds "Name" label
        JLabel nameLabel = new JLabel("Name:");
        gridForm.gridx = 0; // Position at column 0
        gridForm.gridy = 0; // Position at row 0
        panel.add(nameLabel, gridForm);
        // Add text field for name input
        JTextField nameField = new JTextField(20);
        gridForm.gridx = 1; // Position at column 1
        gridForm.gridy = 0; // Position at row 0
        panel.add(nameField, gridForm);

        // -- Email
        // Add "Email" label
        JLabel emailLabel = new JLabel("Email:");
        gridForm.gridx = 0; // Position at column 0
        gridForm.gridy = 1; // Position at row 1
        panel.add(emailLabel, gridForm);
        // Adds text field for email input
        JTextField emailField = new JTextField(20);
        gridForm.gridx = 1; // Position at column 1
        gridForm.gridy = 1; // Position at row 1
        panel.add(emailField, gridForm);

        // Adds "Message" label
        JLabel messageLabel = new JLabel("Message:");
        gridForm.gridx = 0; // Position at column 0
        gridForm.gridy = 2; // Position at row 2
        panel.add(messageLabel, gridForm);

        // -- Message
        // Adds text area for message input with a scroll pane
        JTextArea messageArea = new JTextArea(5, 20);
        JScrollPane scrollPane = new JScrollPane(messageArea);
        gridForm.gridx = 1; // Position at column 1
        gridForm.gridy = 2; // Position at row 2
        panel.add(scrollPane, gridForm);
        // Adds "Submit" button
        JButton submitButton = new JButton("Submit");
        gridForm.gridx = 1; // Position at column 1
        gridForm.gridy = 3; // Position at row 3
        panel.add(submitButton, gridForm);

        // Adds the panel to the frame's center
        frame.add(panel, BorderLayout.CENTER);

        // Make the frame visible
        frame.setVisible(true);

        /*------------
         |  JDialog  |
         ------------*/
        // Add action listener to the submit button
        ActionListener submitBtnClicked = new ActionListener() {
            @Override
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                // Display a message dialog when the submit button is clicked
                JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(frame, "Message was sent!");
            }
        };

        submitButton.addActionListener(submitBtnClicked);
    }
}

?? ?? ?? ?? ? ??? ?? ??? JDialog JOptionPane ??? ?? ??? ???? ?? ???? ?????.

?????, Java? Swing ??? ???? ??? ????? ????? ???? GUI? ?? ? ?? ?? ?? ??? ?????. ?????? JPanel ? JOptionPane? ?? ?? ??? ?? JFrame, JDialog ? JApplet? ?? ??? ????? ?????.

????:

??? ??. (n.d.a). ??. ??. https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/technotes/guides/swing/

??? ??. (n.d.b). ??? ???? ??. Java? ???. ??. https://docs.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/uiswing/comComponents/toplevel.html

??? ??. (n.d.c). ?? ???. Java? ???. ??. https://docs.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/deployment/applet/index.html

2024? 11? 3? Alex.omegapy? Medium?? ?? ??.

? ??? Swing ?? ??? ???? Java GUI ???? ?? ?????. ??? ??? PHP ??? ????? ?? ?? ??? ?????!