CSV(??? ??? ?):

CSV ??? ?? ???? ? ?? ? ?? ??? ?????.
CSV ??? Excel? ??? ???? Excel ??? Excel ???????? ????.
CSV ??? ?? ?????? ?????.

CSV ??? ?? ? ?? ???? ? ? ????.

f =open("sample.txt", "r")

with open("sample.txt",’r’) as f:

????
?? ?? ??? ???. ??? ???? ???.
?-???
?? ?? ??? ???. ? ??? ???? ?? ??? ?????.
rb-?? ????
?? ???, ???, ??? ??, PDF ?? ???? ?? ??? ?? ???? ??? ?? ? ?????.

store.csv

Player,Score
Virat,80
Rohit,90
Dhoni,100

import csv
f =open("score.csv", "r")
csv_reader = csv.reader(f)
for row in csv_reader:
    print(row)
f.close()

['Player', 'Score']
['Virat', '80']
['Rohit', '90']
['Dhoni', '100']

ASCII:
ASCII? American Standard Code for Information Interchange? ?????.

ASCII ???:
48-57 - ??(?? 0~9)
65-90 - A-Z(???)
97-122 - a-z(???)

ASCII ???? ??? ?? ????:

for row in range(5):
    for col in range(row+1):
        print(chr(col+65), end=' ')
    print()

A 
A B 
A B C 
A B C D 
A B C D E 

for row in range(5):
    for col in range(5-row):
        print(chr(row+65), end=' ')
    print()

A A A A A 
B B B B 
C C C 
D D 
E 

for ?? ??:

name = 'pritha'
for letter in name:
    print(letter,end=' ')

P r i t h a

while ?? ??:

name = 'pritha'
i=0
while i<len(name):
    print(name[i],end=' ')
    i+=1

P r i t h a

??? ???:
1. ???? ??()
Python? capitalize() ???? ???? ? ?? ??? ???? ???? ?? ?? ??? ???? ??? ? ?????.

txt = "hello, and welcome to my world."
x = txt.capitalize()
print (x)

Hello, and welcome to my world.

ASCII ???? ???? ??? ???? ??:

txt = "hello, and welcome to my world."

first = txt[0]
first = ord(first)-32
first = chr(first)

print(f'{first}{txt[1:]}')

Hello, and welcome to my world.

2.casefold()
Python? casefold() ???? ???? ???? ???? ? ?????.

txt = "Hello, And Welcome To My World!"
x = txt.casefold()
print(x)

hello, and welcome to my world!

ASCII ???? ???? ????? ???? ??:

txt = "Hello, And Welcome To My World!"
for letter in txt:
    if letter>='A' and letter<'Z':
        letter = ord(letter)+32
        letter = chr(letter)
    print(letter,end='')

hello, and welcome to my world!

3.count()
Python? count() ???? ??? ??? ?? ???? ?? ??? ???? ? ?????.

txt = "I love apples, apple is my favorite fruit"
x = txt.count("apple")
print(x)

2

??? ?? ?? ??? ???? ??:

txt = "I love apples, apple is my favorite fruit"
key="apple"
l=len(key)
count=0
start=0
end=l
while end<len(txt):
    if txt[start:end]==key:
        count+=1
    start+=1
    end+=1
else:
    print(count)

2

??? ?? ?? ???? ?? ???? ??:

txt = "I love apples, apple is my favorite fruit"
key="apple"
l=len(key)
start=0
end=l
while end<len(txt):
    if txt[start:end]==key:
        print(start)
        break
    start+=1
    end+=1

7

??? ?? ????? ????? ???? ??:

txt = "I love apples, apple is my favorite fruit"
key="apple"
l=len(key)
start=0
end=l
final=0
while end<len(txt):
    if txt[start:end]==key:
        final=start
    start+=1
    end+=1
else:
    print(final)

15

??:

for row in range(4):
    for col in range(7-(row*2)):
        print((col+1),end=" ") 
    print()

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 
1 2 3 4 5 
1 2 3 
1 

for row in range(5):
    for col in range(5-row):
        print((row+1)+(col*2),end=" ") 
    print()

1 3 5 7 9 
2 4 6 8 
3 5 7 
4 6 
5 

? ??? ? - CSV ??, ASCII, ??? ??? ?? ?????. ??? ??? PHP ??? ????? ?? ?? ??? ?????!