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How to Efficiently Convert C/C Data Structures from Byte Arrays to C# Structures?
How to Efficiently Convert C/C Data Structures from Byte Arrays to C# Structures?
Jan 19, 2025 am 07:24 AM
Read C/C data structure from byte array to C#
In C#, when receiving byte array data from a C/C structure, you need to convert the array into a compatible C# structure. The following methods provide an efficient conversion path.
Use Marshal.PtrToStructure
This method involves fixing a byte array and using Marshal.PtrToStructure to convert the bytes directly into a C# structure.
NewStuff ByteArrayToNewStuff(byte[] bytes)
{
GCHandle handle = GCHandle.Alloc(bytes, GCHandleType.Pinned);
try
{
NewStuff stuff = (NewStuff)Marshal.PtrToStructure(handle.AddrOfPinnedObject(), typeof(NewStuff));
return stuff;
}
finally
{
handle.Free();
}
}
Universal version
This generic version allows conversion of any struct type from a byte array:
T ByteArrayToStructure<T>(byte[] bytes) where T : struct
{
GCHandle handle = GCHandle.Alloc(bytes, GCHandleType.Pinned);
try
{
return (T)Marshal.PtrToStructure(handle.AddrOfPinnedObject(), typeof(T));
}
finally
{
handle.Free();
}
}
Simplified version
For simple applications, use unsafe fixed arrays:
unsafe T ByteArrayToStructure<T>(byte[] bytes) where T : struct
{
fixed (byte* ptr = &bytes[0])
{
return (T)Marshal.PtrToStructure((IntPtr)ptr, typeof(T));
}
}
Comparison of BinaryReader and Marshal.PtrToStructure
BinaryReader functions similarly to Marshal.PtrToStructure, allowing reading data from byte arrays. However, it incurs some additional overhead and is generally not recommended for performance-critical applications. Marshal.PtrToStructure operates directly on raw bytes without intermediate conversion, so performance is faster.
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