


How Can I Properly Implement a Static Class or Singleton Pattern in JavaScript?
Dec 19, 2024 pm 06:45 PMUnderstanding Javascript Static Function Expressions: The GameData Case
In Javascript, function expressions that utilize the new keyword are not static in the same sense as their C# counterparts. Rather than creating a genuinely static class, this approach leaks the constructor property and generates a prototype object that is likely not intended.
A Deeper Dive into the GameData Example
The provided example, gameData, demonstrates the creation of a single instance of a "class" using a function expression with the new keyword. However, the inclusion of the constructor property allows for the instantiation of additional objects, making the "class" non-static.
Alternative Singleton Approaches
To achieve a true singleton pattern in Javascript, consider the following methods:
- Object Literal: Create a simple object literal that lacks a constructor and prototype.
- Revealing Module Pattern: Employ an Immediately Invoked Function Expression (IIFE) to establish closure-scoped variables and return the desired object.
- Constructor ("Class"): Define a constructor function that, when called, always returns the same singleton object.
Singleton Pattern Implementation
The below code illustrates the Singleton Pattern using a constructor function:
function GameData() { if (this.constructor.singleton) return this.constructor.singleton; else this.constructor.singleton = this; // Private and public members initialization } GameData.prototype.storageAvailable = function () { // Availability check logic }; var gameData = new GameData(); var gameData2 = new GameData(); console.log(gameData === gameData2 === GameData.singleton); // Outputs true
This approach ensures that subsequent instantiation attempts always return the same GameData instance, establishing a true singleton behavior.
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