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PHP array key-value exchange: Analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of common algorithms
PHP array key-value exchange: Analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of common algorithms
May 04, 2024 pm 10:39 PM
Three common algorithms for exchanging array key values ??in PHP have their own advantages and disadvantages: array_flip(): simple and efficient, but the values ??must be unique and cannot handle multi-dimensional arrays. Manual traversal: can handle multi-dimensional arrays and control exceptions, but the code is longer and less efficient. ksort() array_keys(): can handle any type of array and control the sort order, but it is less efficient. Practical cases show that array_flip() is the most efficient, but when dealing with multi-dimensional arrays, manual traversal is more appropriate.
PHP array key-value exchange: Analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of common algorithms
In PHP, sometimes we need to exchange the positions of keys and values ??in the array . This article will explore three common algorithms, analyze their advantages and disadvantages, and compare them through practical cases.
1. Built-in array_flip() Function
array_flip() is a built-in PHP function specifically used to interchange keys and values. Its syntax is very simple:
$swappedArray = array_flip($array);
Advantages:
- Easy to use, one line of code can complete the interchange
- High efficiency
Disadvantages:
- Values ??must be unique, otherwise the keys will be overwritten
- Cannot handle multi-dimensional arrays
2. Manual traversal
We can use manual traversal to achieve key-value exchange:
$swappedArray = [];
foreach ($array as $key => $value) {
$swappedArray[$value] = $key;
}Advantages:
- Can handle multi-dimensional arrays
- Can control exceptions
Disadvantages:
- Long code and low execution efficiency
3. Using ksort() and array_keys()
We can do this by using ksort() and array_keys() Function to indirectly implement key-value exchange:
$sortedArray = ksort($array); $swappedArray = array_keys($sortedArray);
Advantages:
- Can handle any type of array
- Can control the sorting order
Disadvantages:
- Low execution efficiency
Practical case
The following is a practical case comparing the performance of these three algorithms:
$data = [
'apple' => 'red',
'banana' => 'yellow',
'orange' => 'orange',
];
$start = microtime(true);
$swappedArray1 = array_flip($data);
$end = microtime(true);
echo "array_flip(): " . ($end - $start) . " seconds\n";
$start = microtime(true);
$swappedArray2 = [];
foreach ($data as $key => $value) {
$swappedArray2[$value] = $key;
}
$end = microtime(true);
echo "Manual traversal: " . ($end - $start) . " seconds\n";
$start = microtime(true);
ksort($data);
$swappedArray3 = array_keys($data);
$end = microtime(true);
echo "ksort() + array_keys(): " . ($end - $start) . " seconds\n";Output:
array_flip(): 0.000004006500244 seconds Manual traversal: 0.000020980834961 seconds ksort() + array_keys(): 0.000005984306335 seconds
We can see from the results, array_flip() Functions win on efficiency. For handling multidimensional arrays or unusual situations, manual traversal is more appropriate. ksort() array_keys() The efficiency of the method is also quite high, but it cannot control the sort order.
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