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Home Backend Development C++ How do C++ functions implement data transmission in network programming?

How do C++ functions implement data transmission in network programming?

Apr 27, 2024 pm 05:06 PM
c++ network programming data transmission

C's network data transmission functions include recv() and send(), which are used to receive and send data on the server side. The following steps demonstrate the process of using recv() and send() to create an echo server: 1. Create a socket; 2. Set the server address information; 3. Bind the socket to the server address; 4. Listen for connections; 5 . Accept the connection, receive data and send it back to the client in a loop; 6. Close the connection and socket.

C++ 函數(shù)在網(wǎng)絡編程中如何實現(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)傳輸?

Using C functions for network data transmission

In network programming, transmitting data is a crucial operation. C provides powerful functions for this purpose, allowing developers to handle data transfers easily and efficiently.

Server side: receiving and sending data

On the server side, you can use the recv() function to receive data from the client. The prototype of this function is:

int recv(int sockfd, void *buf, size_t len, int flags);

Among them:

  • sockfd: The socket descriptor to read data.
  • buf: Buffer to store received data.
  • len: Maximum number of bytes to receive.
  • flags: Flags that control receiving behavior.

To send data to the client, you can use the send() function:

int send(int sockfd, const void *buf, size_t len, int flags);

Its parameters are similar to the recv() function .

Practical case: Create a simple echo server

The following is a sample code for implementing an echo server using C:

#include <iostream>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <sys/socket.h> // 套接字支持
#include <netinet/in.h> // 互聯(lián)網(wǎng)地址結(jié)構(gòu)支持

using namespace std;

int main() {
  // 創(chuàng)建套接字
  int server_sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
  if (server_sockfd < 0) {
    cerr << "錯誤:無法創(chuàng)建套接字!" << endl;
    return -1;
  }

  // 設置服務器地址信息
  sockaddr_in server_addr;
  server_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
  server_addr.sin_port = htons(8080); // 將端口號轉(zhuǎn)換為網(wǎng)絡字節(jié)序
  server_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY; // 接受任何 IP 地址的連接

  // 綁定套接字到服務器地址
  if (bind(server_sockfd, (struct sockaddr *) &server_addr, sizeof(server_addr)) < 0) {
    cerr << "錯誤:綁定套接字失??!" << endl;
    return -1;
  }

  // 監(jiān)聽連接
  if (listen(server_sockfd, 5) < 0) {
    cerr << "錯誤:監(jiān)聽連接失??!" << endl;
    return -1;
  }

  while (true) {
    // 接受連接
    sockaddr_in client_addr;
    socklen_t client_addr_len = sizeof(client_addr);
    int client_sockfd = accept(server_sockfd, (struct sockaddr *) &client_addr, &client_addr_len);
    if (client_sockfd < 0) {
      cerr << "錯誤:接受連接失??!" << endl;
      continue;
    }

    // 接收和發(fā)送數(shù)據(jù)
    char buffer[1024]; // 用于存儲數(shù)據(jù)的緩沖區(qū)
    int n;
    while ((n = recv(client_sockfd, buffer, sizeof(buffer), 0)) > 0) {
      // 發(fā)送回客戶端
      int m = send(client_sockfd, buffer, n, 0);
      if (m < 0) {
        cerr << "錯誤:發(fā)送數(shù)據(jù)失敗!" << endl;
        break;
      }
    }

    // 關閉連接
    close(client_sockfd);
  }

  // 關閉套接字
  close(server_sockfd);

  return 0;
}

In this case , the recv() and send() functions are used to receive data from the client and send it back to the client as is.

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