Golang development: Use Prometheus to monitor application performance, specific code examples are required

Abstract: This article introduces how to use the Prometheus library in Golang development to monitor application performance, and Specific code examples are provided to facilitate developers to get started quickly.

Introduction:

In modern application development, monitoring application performance is a very important link. Through monitoring, we can understand the running status of the application in real time, discover problems in time and make adjustments, thereby improving the stability and performance of the application.

Prometheus is an open source monitoring system and time series database that is widely used in the monitoring field of cloud native and containerized applications. It provides a wealth of monitoring indicator types and functions, which can help us monitor application performance indicators in real time.

This article will use a specific example to demonstrate how to use the Prometheus library in Golang development for application performance monitoring.

Step 1: Install and configure Prometheus

First, we need to install and configure Prometheus in the system. Binaries can be downloaded from the official website (https://prometheus.io/) and installed.

After the installation is complete, you need to configure the Prometheus configuration file prometheus.yml. In the configuration file, we need to define the goals to be monitored and the corresponding metrics.

For example, if we want to monitor the total number of HTTP requests and request delay of a Golang application, we can add the following configuration:

scrape_configs:
  - job_name: 'my_app'
    metrics_path: /metrics
    static_configs:
    - targets: ['localhost:8080']

Step 2: Add Prometheus monitoring code in the Golang application

Next, we need to add Prometheus-related code to the Golang application. First, we need to introduce the Prometheus library:

import (
   "github.com/prometheus/client_golang/prometheus"
   "github.com/prometheus/client_golang/prometheus/promhttp"
)

Then, we can define the indicators that need to be monitored. In our example, we define an indicator for counting the total number of requests and an indicator for counting request delays:

var (
   requestsTotal = prometheus.NewCounterVec(
      prometheus.CounterOpts{
         Name: "http_requests_total",
         Help: "Total number of HTTP requests.",
      },
      []string{"handler", "method"},
   )
   requestDuration = prometheus.NewHistogramVec(
      prometheus.HistogramOpts{
         Name: "http_request_duration_seconds",
         Help: "HTTP request duration in seconds.",
         Buckets: []float64{0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 1, 2, 5},
      },
      []string{"handler", "method"},
   )
)

Next, we need to add corresponding monitoring in the application's processing function code. At the beginning and end of each processing function, we can use the monitoring methods provided by Prometheus to collect and record data.

For example, the following code demonstrates how to use Prometheus to monitor HTTP requests in Golang applications:

func handleHello(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
   start := time.Now()

   // 執(zhí)行實際的處理邏輯

   elapsedTime := time.Since(start).Seconds()
   requestsTotal.WithLabelValues("/hello", r.Method).Inc()
   requestDuration.WithLabelValues("/hello", r.Method).Observe(elapsedTime)
}

Finally, we need to set up Prometheus's HTTP processor so that Prometheus can pass HTTP The interface obtains the indicators we defined.

func main() {
   http.Handle("/metrics", promhttp.Handler())
   http.HandleFunc("/hello", handleHello)
   http.ListenAndServe(":8080", nil)
}

Step 3: Start the application and access the Prometheus monitoring interface

After completing the above steps, we can start our application and access the Prometheus monitoring interface. Enter http://localhost:9090 in the browser, and then enter the indicator name we defined in the query box to view the corresponding performance indicator data.

For example, we can check the total number of requests by querying http_requests_total, and check the request delay by querying http_request_duration_seconds.

Summary:

This article introduces how to use the Prometheus library in Golang development to monitor application performance, and provides specific code examples. Through Prometheus, we can easily collect and record various indicators of the application, and view and analyze them in real time through the Prometheus monitoring interface.

Although this article only introduces basic usage and examples, Prometheus provides richer functions and scalability to meet the monitoring requirements of different scenarios and needs. I hope this article can help readers who are interested in Prometheus and inspire more exploration and practice.

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