Yii is a powerful PHP framework that is widely used in web application development. In this article, we will learn how to use the Yii framework to develop a visual operating system and provide convenient management services.

1. Install the Yii framework and related dependencies

Before starting the development of the Yii framework, we need to install it and its related dependencies. The Yii framework can be installed through Composer, execute the following command:

composer create-project yiisoft/yii2-app-basic myproject

This command will create a new project named myproject and install the Yii framework and its related components and library files into the project. Next, we need to install some other dependencies, including jQuery and Bootstrap:

composer require bower-asset/jquery
composer require bower-asset/bootstrap

2. Create Database

Before creating our visual operating system, we need to create A database to store all data. The Yii framework supports multiple types of databases, including MySQL, PostgreSQL, and SQLite. In this article, we will use the MySQL database.

First, we need to create a new database in MySQL. You can use the following command:

CREATE DATABASE mydatabase;

Next, execute the following command to create the "users" table with the necessary fields:

CREATE TABLE `users` (
  `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `username` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
  `password` varchar(255)
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

3. Create Yii Application

Now, we are ready to start creating our Yii application. In the Yii framework, every web application consists of a component called an "application". Here are the steps to create an application:

3.1 Create a subdirectory named "_frontend"

mkdir _frontend

3.2 Create a new application using the Yii CLI tool

./yii init --application=/path/to/_frontend

The command A new Yii application will be created for us and all relevant files and directories will be saved in the _frontend directory.

3.3 Configure database connection

We need to add a database connection in the Yii configuration file so that the database can be used normally. You can find the configuration file config/db.php and edit the following content:

return [
    'class' => 'yiidbConnection',
    'dsn' => 'mysql:host=localhost;dbname=mydatabase',
    'username' => 'root',
    'password' => '',
    'charset' => 'utf8',
];

3.4 Create a base controller

Before we start creating a visual operating system, we need to create a base controller. This controller is used to provide default actions and methods so that other controllers can inherit these methods. We can create this controller using the following command:

./yii g/controller base

This command will create a controller named "BaseController" in the controller directory and generate default actions and methods for it. All other controllers should inherit from this controller.

3.5 Modify routing

We need to modify the routing configuration file of the Yii framework to route requests to our newly created controller. Open the configuration file config/web.php and modify the following content:

return [
    // ...
    'defaultRoute' => 'base',
    'components' => [
        'urlManager' => [
            'enablePrettyUrl' => true,
            'showScriptName' => false,
            'rules' => []    
        ],
    ],
];

Now, we are ready to start creating a visual operating system.

4. Create a visual operating system

In this article, we will create a visual operating system with the following functions:

• User registration and Login
• User Management Function
• File Management Function

4.1 User Registration and Login

We will use Yii’s built-in user authentication and access Controls to manage user registration and login. Follow the steps below to create a user controller:

4.1.1 Create a user controller using the CLI tool

./yii g/controller user

This command will create the user controller in the controller directory and generate default actions for it and methods.

4.1.2 Add user registration and login operations

Open the user controller file and add the following operations:

class UserController extends commoncontrollersBaseController {

    ...
    
    public function actionLogin() {
        // 登錄功能代碼
    }

    public function actionLogout() {
        // 注銷功能代碼
    }

    public function actionSignup() {
        // 注冊(cè)功能代碼
    }

    public function actionProfile() {
        // 用戶信息頁面代碼
    }

    ...
    
}

4.1.3 Set access control

In the Yii framework, access control functions can be used to restrict user access to different parts of the application. In order to restrict access to non-logged-in users, open the config/web.php file and add the following content:

return [
    // ...
    'components' => [
        // ...
        'user' => [
            'identityClass' => 'commonmodelsUser',
            'enableAutoLogin' => true,
            'loginUrl' => ['user/login'],
        ],
        'authManager' => [
            'class' => 'yiibacDbManager',
        ],
    ],
    'as access' => [
        'class' => 'yiiwebAccessControl',
        'rules' => [
            [
                'actions' => ['login', 'signup'],
                'allow' => true,
            ],
            [
                'actions' => ['logout', 'profile'],
                'allow' => true,
                'roles' => ['@'],
            ]
        ],
    ],
];

4.1.4 Create a user model

We need a model to manage our users. Create a user model and inherit Yii's built-in user model:

class User extends yiidbActiveRecord implements yiiwebIdentityInterface {
    
    ...
}

4.2 User management function

In order to manage our users, we will create a user management controller. Follow the steps below to create a controller:

4.2.1 Create a controller using the CLI tool

./yii g/controller admin/UserManagement

This command will create the user management controller in the controller directory and generate default actions and method.

4.2.2 Add user management operation

Open the user management controller file and add the following operation:

class UserManagementController extends commoncontrollersBaseController {

    ...

    public function actionIndex() {
        // 用戶列表頁面代碼
    }

    public function actionCreate() {
        // 創(chuàng)建新用戶頁面代碼
    }

    public function actionUpdate($id) {
        // 更新用戶頁面代碼
    }

    public function actionDelete($id) {
        // 刪除用戶功能代碼
    }

    ...
    
}

4.2.3 Create user management model

We need a model to manage our users, create a model for user management, and extend Yii's built-in User model:

class UserManagement extends commonmodelsUser {
    
    ...
}

4.3 File Management Function

In order to manage our files, we A file management controller will be created. Follow the steps below to create a controller:

4.3.1 Create a controller using the CLI tool

./yii g/controller admin/FileManagement

This command will create a file management controller named File Management in the controller directory and generate it as needed Default actions and methods.

4.3.2 Add file management operation

Open the file management controller file and add the following operation:

class FileManagementController extends commoncontrollersBaseController {

    ...
    
    public function actionIndex() {
        // 文件列表頁面代碼
    }

    public function actionUpload() {
        // 上傳文件頁面代碼
    }

    public function actionDownload($id) {
        // 文件下載特定功能代碼
    }

    public function actionDelete($id) {
        // 刪除文件功能代碼
    }

    ...
    
}

4.3.3 Create a file management model

To manage our files, we need a model. Follow these steps to create a model:

class FileManagement extends yiidbActiveRecord {
    
    ...
}

5. 總結(jié)

在本文中，我們已經(jīng)學(xué)習(xí)了如何使用Yii框架來創(chuàng)建一個(gè)可視化操作系統(tǒng)，并提供便捷的管理服務(wù)。我們覆蓋了許多方面，包括用戶管理、文件管理、注冊(cè)和登錄功能等等。通過將這些知識(shí)應(yīng)用于您自己的項(xiàng)目中，您將能夠創(chuàng)建一個(gè)強(qiáng)大而靈活的Web應(yīng)用程序，為用戶提供出色的體驗(yàn)。

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