In Laravel application development, file upload is a very common operation. Laravel provides a very convenient way to manage these uploaded files, which is the file system. The file system is actually Laravel's default storage method, and it stores uploaded files to a specified location on disk.

However, in some cases, we may need to store the uploaded files in other locations, such as cloud storage, CDN or other remote storage services. At this time, we need to modify Laravel's default storage method so that it can adapt to our needs.

This article will introduce how to modify the default storage in Laravel to adapt to various scenarios.

1. Laravel File System

In Laravel, the file system is used to manage files and directories. Laravel's file system includes some basic operations, such as creating files, reading files, updating files, and deleting files.

Laravel's file system can use multiple disks for storage, including local disks, cloud storage such as S3, FTP storage, etc.

We can configure Laravel's file system in the config/filesystems.php configuration file:

<?php

return [

    'default' => 'local',

    'disks' => [

        'local' => [
            'driver' => 'local',
            'root' => storage_path('app'),
        ],

        'public' => [
            'driver' => 'local',
            'root' => storage_path('app/public'),
            'url' => env('APP_URL').'/storage',
            'visibility' => 'public',
        ],

        's3' => [
            'driver' => 's3',
            'key' => env('AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID'),
            'secret' => env('AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY'),
            'region' => env('AWS_DEFAULT_REGION'),
            'bucket' => env('AWS_BUCKET'),
            'url' => env('AWS_URL'),
        ],

    ],

];

In the above code, we can see that three types of disks are configured here: local disk (local ), public disk (public) and S3 cloud storage (s3).

2. Modify the default storage

In Laravel, we can use the Storage class to manage the file system. By default, Laravel will use the local disk as the default file system storage location. This default disk is defined in config/filesystems.php, and the default value is local.

We can modify the default configuration item of config/filesystems.php to modify the default storage:

<?php

return [

    'default' => env('FILESYSTEM_DRIVER', 'local'),

    'disks' => [

        'local' => [
            'driver' => 'local',
            'root' => storage_path('app'),
        ],

        'public' => [
            'driver' => 'local',
            'root' => storage_path('app/public'),
            'url' => env('APP_URL').'/storage',
            'visibility' => 'public',
        ],

        's3' => [
            'driver' => 's3',
            'key' => env('AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID'),
            'secret' => env('AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY'),
            'region' => env('AWS_DEFAULT_REGION'),
            'bucket' => env('AWS_BUCKET'),
            'url' => env('AWS_URL'),
        ],

    ],

];

In the above code, we modify the default value from local to env('FILESYSTEM_DRIVER', 'local'). The env function is used here, which allows us to define the FILESYSTEM_DRIVER environment variable in the .env file to modify the default storage.

For example, if FILESYSTEM_DRIVER=s3 is defined in the .env file, Laravel will use the s3 disk as the default file system storage location when using the Storage file system.

3. Use custom storage

In addition to modifying the default storage, we can also configure a custom storage to meet our special needs.

First, we need to create a new storage driver. Within the app directory, create a new directory called Storage, and then create a new class in that directory.

For example, if we want to create a storage driver named Hadoop, then we can create a class named HadoopDriver:

<?php

namespace App\Storage;

use Illuminate\Filesystem\FilesystemAdapter;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Storage;
use Illuminate\Support\ServiceProvider;

class HadoopDriverServiceProvider extends ServiceProvider
{
    public function boot()
    {
        Storage::extend('hadoop', function ($app, $config) {
            // 返回一個實現(xiàn)了 FilesystemAdapter 接口的類
            return new HadoopFileSystemAdapter($config);
        });
    }
}

class HadoopFileSystemAdapter implements FilesystemAdapter
{
    // 實現(xiàn) FilesystemAdapter 接口的方法
}

In the above code, we define a HadoopDriverServiceProvider class, in In the boot method, a new storage driver named hadoop is registered.

Then, we define a HadoopFileSystemAdapter class, which implements all methods of the FilesystemAdapter interface. These methods will be called when we use the Storage file system to perform various operations on the file system, such as creating files, reading files, updating files, deleting files, etc.

Finally, we need to register the HadoopDriverServiceProvider class created above into the Laravel application. This can be done by adding the HadoopDriverServiceProvider class in the providers array of the config/app.php file:

<?php

return [

    // 省略其它代碼

    'providers' => [

        // 省略其它服務(wù)提供者

        /*
         * 注冊 Hadoop 存儲驅(qū)動
         */
        \App\Storage\HadoopDriverServiceProvider::class,

    ],

];

4. Using custom storage

Using custom storage requires calling the storage method and specifying the storage path. For example, if we want to use a custom storage named hadoop, we can use it like this:

use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Storage;

Storage::disk('hadoop')->put('file.txt', $content);

In the above code, we use the disk method to specify the storage to use, specifying it as hadoop. We then use the put method to write the contents of $content to the file.txt file on the file system.

Summary

In Laravel application development, file upload and storage are very common requirements. Laravel provides a powerful file system to manage these operations, and also allows us to modify the default file system storage location according to our own needs, and even create custom storage drivers to meet special needs. These features greatly increase application flexibility and scalability.

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