Garbled characters are a problem often encountered in web development, especially when dealing with Chinese characters. In PHP, garbled characters are usually related to character encoding. If the character encoding is used and set incorrectly, it will lead to garbled characters.

The following are some methods to deal with garbled characters:

1. Set character encoding

In PHP, you can use the header function To set the character encoding, as follows:

header('Content-Type:text/html;charset=utf-8');

The character encoding is set to UTF-8 to ensure that the text on the page can be displayed correctly. Similarly, you can also set the character encoding in the head tag of HTML:

<meta charset="utf-8">

2. Convert character encoding

If garbled characters have occurred, you can use PHP's character encoding Conversion function to solve. Commonly used character encoding conversion functions are iconv and mb_convert_encoding. For example, convert a GBK-encoded string to UTF-8 encoding:

$str?=?iconv('GBK',?'UTF-8',?$str);
或者
$str?=?mb_convert_encoding($str,?'UTF-8',?'GBK');

3. Database character set settings

If you encounter Chinese garbled characters when reading the database in PHP If there is a problem, you can check the character set settings of the database. Set the database character set to UTF-8 and make sure to use the same character set when inserting and reading data.

ALTER?DATABASE?databasename?DEFAULT?CHARACTER?SET?utf8?COLLATE?utf8_general_ci;

4. HTML filtering function

When displaying user-submitted content on a web page, in order to prevent XSS attacks, we usually filter the HTML. If the filter function is used incorrectly, it will also lead to garbled characters. It is recommended to use PHP's built-in htmlspecialchars and strip_tags functions for HTML filtering.

To sum up, dealing with garbled characters in PHP requires correctly setting the character encoding, using character encoding conversion functions, checking database character set settings and using HTML filter functions. During the development process, you need to pay attention to the unity and consistency of character encoding to effectively avoid garbled characters.

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