In the software development process, many tasks involving data storage and data processing require the use of Excel tables. Due to the complexity and cumbersomeness of the Excel format, we often encounter problems importing and exporting Excel format data. At this time, we need to use Excel format conversion technology.

As a popular back-end programming language, PHP, in addition to its powerful web development features, also has a widely used function, that is, converting Excel format. The process of PHP processing Excel tables requires the use of various class libraries and extensions. Below we will learn to use PHP to convert Excel format.

1. What is Excel format

Excel format is a widely used office software format. It expresses the data information in a table through a spreadsheet. Excel format can contain various types of data such as text, numbers, dates, Boolean values, charts, images, etc.

In Excel, each table cell can be set to different formats, including text, integer, decimal, etc. In addition, Excel also supports multiple tables, which can be linked to each other, and various formulas and functions can be used for data processing.

2. Use PHP to convert Excel format

In PHP, we can use a variety of libraries and extensions to process data in Excel format. The two main class libraries are introduced below: PHPExcel and phpoffice/phpspreadsheet.

2.1 PHPExcel

PHPExcel is a popular PHP class library that can be used to read and write Excel files. It provides various functions, including setting cell styles, inserting images, inserting charts, and more. When using PHPExcel, we need to download and install it. The installation method can be obtained through GitHub or the PHP official website, and the installation process will not be described in detail.

Using PHPExcel, we can read the data in an Excel file as follows:

require_once?'PHPExcel/PHPExcel.php';

$excelReader?=?PHPExcel_IOFactory::createReaderForFile('example.xlsx');
$excelObj?=?$excelReader->load('example.xlsx');
$worksheet?=?$excelObj->getActiveSheet();
$lastRow?=?$worksheet->getHighestRow();

for($row?=?1;?$row?<= $lastRow; $row++) {
  $value = $worksheet->getCellByColumnAndRow(0,?$row)->getValue();
??echo?$value;
}

Using the PHPExcel library, we can easily read the data in the Excel file and perform various processing and operations. However, it should be pointed out that PHPExcel is no longer updated and maintained. Therefore, it is now recommended to use the phpoffice/phpspreadsheet class library.

2.2 phpspreadsheet

phpspreadsheet is a class library improved on the basis of PHPExcel. It supports more Excel functions and is more stable and reliable. Using the phpoffice/phpspreadsheet class library, we can read the data in an Excel file as follows:

require_once?'vendor/autoload.php';

use?PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\IOFactory;

$reader?=?IOFactory::createReader('Xlsx');
$spreadsheet?=?$reader->load('example.xlsx');
$data?=?$spreadsheet->getActiveSheet()->toArray();

foreach?($data?as?$row)?{
???foreach?($row?as?$value)?{
???????echo?$value;
???}
}

The above code will extract the data of all cells in the example.xlsx file and then print them to the screen. .

The above code uses the phpoffice/phpspreadsheet class library. First introduce the class library, then call the IOFactory static method, specify the file to be read, and use the toArray method to extract the data into an array. The process of reading the Excel file is complete.

3. Summary

In the process of data processing, Excel tables are sometimes needed. When processing Excel tables, format conversion problems are often encountered. . In PHP, we can use various class libraries and extensions to process Excel format data, including PHPExcel and phpoffice/phpspreadsheet. These class libraries provide many functions to easily read and write Excel files.

The above is the introduction of this article on PHP conversion to Excel format. I hope it will be helpful to everyone. If you want to know more about Excel table processing, you can search for relevant information on the Internet to learn more.

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