wap refers to the wireless application communication protocol, which was announced in early 1998. It allows people to use mobile communication terminal devices such as mobile phones to receive various information through the WAP protocol, surf the Internet, browse the web, send and receive emails, and even conduct A network communication protocol for online e-commerce. WAP consists of a series of protocols. Wireless communication devices that apply WAP standards can access the Internet, including sending and receiving emails, querying information, and accessing websites.

The operating environment of this tutorial: Windows 7 system, Dell G3 computer.

wap refers to the wireless application communication protocol.

Introduction to wap protocol

WAP (Wireless Application Protocol) is the first phase product of the combination of mobile communications and the Internet. This technology allows users to surf the Internet using wireless devices such as mobile phones and navigate between websites on a small screen. These websites must also be written in WML (Wireless Markup Language), which is equivalent to HTML (Hyperdocument Markup Language) on the Internet.

The Wireless Application Protocol (WAP) was announced in early 1998, allowing people to use mobile communication terminal devices such as mobile phones to receive various information through the WAP protocol, surf the Internet, browse the web, send and receive emails, and even conduct online electronic activities. A network communications agreement for business.

Wireless Application Protocol (WAP) is an open, global protocol for communication between mobile phones, personal digital assistants (PDAs) and other mobile communication devices and the Internet or other services. sexual standards.

WAP consists of a series of protocols. Wireless communication devices that apply WAP standards can access the Internet, including sending and receiving emails, querying information, and accessing websites.

Features of WAP protocol:

• WAP provides an open and unified technology platform that users can easily access using mobile devices and obtain Internet or Intranet information and various services expressed in a unified content format. Such as comprehensive news, weather forecast, stock market dynamics, business reports, current exchange rates and business information, etc. With the deepening of WAP application, e-commerce and online banking will also be gradually implemented on WAP in the future. Users can also obtain sports competition results, anecdotes about the entertainment industry, and humorous stories anytime and anywhere through WAP to add interest to their lives; they can also use WAP's online booking function to arrange their lives in an orderly manner.

• WAP supports most commonly used radio devices, including mobile phones, Flex pagers, two-way radio communication equipment, etc. Compared with desktop personal computers, these devices have weaker CPUs, less memory, limited power supply in wireless environments, smaller displays, and limited input functions. In addition, on the transmission network, WAP supports various mobile networks, such as GSM, CDMA, PHS, etc., and can support future third-generation mobile communication systems.

• WAP also defines a set of software and hardware interfaces. Through mobile devices and website servers with these interfaces, people can use mobile phones to send and receive emails and browse the Internet just like using PCs. WAP is a communication protocol that not only provides an application development and operating environment, but also provides extensive support for currently popular embedded operating systems such as Palmos, Epoc, Windows, and Javaos.

• The WAP standard also defines an application environment WAE (Wireless Application Environment), which allows designers to develop device-independent user interfaces and use WML script WMLScript's WAP programming language , embedding executable logic into mobile terminals. In this way, a micro-browser can be run on the mobile terminal for wireless users to browse information. This micro-browser is very similar to the IE or Netscape browser on a PC. Wireless Markup Language (WML) is used to display various text, images and other data. WML is a language based on Extension Markup Language (XML) and is a subset of XML. As a scripting language for WML, WMLScript can supplement some of the limitations of WML, such as checking the validity of user input data. On the one hand, it enhances the browsing and presentation functions of WML, and on the other hand, it also provides convenience for user operations. More flexible and intelligent processing. WAP application environment WAE is a universal application development framework that provides extensive support for developing and running WAP application services on different radio communication networks. This framework is mainly based on existing Internet technology.

• The WAP application structure is very similar to the Internet structure.

At the beginning of its birth, WAP was touted as a revolutionary communication application technology, and the entire mobile computing world seemed to be transformed by it. However, WAP and various services using the WAP protocol have not played the role expected due to the limitations of mobile devices and mobile networks themselves. The main limitations of mobile networks and devices are:

• Narrow display screen

• Device memory capacity is limited

• Insufficient CPU computing power

• Available bandwidth is too small

• Unreliable connection

• Excessive delay

• ##However, in the new version of WAP-WAP 2.0 Things have changed since then. Below I will give a brief explanation of WAP and its technology of displaying content using WML. In addition, I will also explain what technical improvements and improvements WAP 2.0 has made based on version 1.x, and finally I will explain some reasons for continuing to use the current version 1.x.

How WAP works

When accessing a website through a browser on a desktop computer operating system, the client program will Make a request for data, and the server is responsible for transmitting the data to the client through the IP network in HTML format. The Web browser then converts this HTML data into user-readable text and images.

The situation is a little different on your mobile device. WAP takes the place of the web browser with a so-called WAP browser, through which the device can request data from the website. The main difference between accessing data through desktop PC browsers and WAP 1.x browsers is that WAP browsers must use the communication entity WAP gateway. This so-called WAP gateway is functionally equivalent to an intermediary between the mobile network and the Internet network. The WAP gateway is located between the WAP browser and the Web server. It performs the necessary binary encoding of the content and can also convert WML and HTML codes to and from each other.

Reason for using WAP

As mentioned above, there are considerable limitations in mobile communications, but there are still some advantages in using WAP to implement mobile Web browsing. For good reason:

• WAP has its own security model, which works online similar to web security. Hash algorithm, digital certificate and public key cryptography technology provide key security protection for WAP real transactions.

• WAP development is quite simple. WML and WMLScript provide almost everything necessary for mobile Internet applications. WML or WMLScript is not difficult to learn; most programmers pick it up very quickly.

• WAP has been widely accepted. Mainstream manufacturers in the wireless communication market (such as Nokia, Motorola and Ericsson) are very actively involved in the formulation process of WAP standards.

• WAP is an independent standard. This means that even switching to a GPRS network will not affect web browsing at all. And better data transfer speeds will only make the browsing experience more perfect and convenient.

WAP 2.0 is brand new

The 2.0 version of WAP incorporates more Internet standards. The XHTML Basic version defined by W3C has become the basis of WAP 2.0. XHTML Basic is the mobile version of XHTML 1.0, and the WAP Forum developed the XHTML Mobile Profile based on it.

WAP CSS is the mobile version of Cascading Style Sheet CSS. It only has some features of CSS related to the mobile environment. XHTML and CSS provide developers with more powerful formatting capabilities. With XHTML and CSS, you can even display the same document on mobile devices with different content presentation capabilities. In addition, WAP 2.0 also includes WML 1.x extensions to ensure standard backward compatibility.

In the WAP 2.0 standard, the WAP gateway no longer becomes a key component of the WAP architecture. In addition, content no longer has to be binary encoded; XHTML continues to be a text format. However, because many people still rely on mobile devices that require the WAP 1.0 standard, and because the WAP/WSP protocol stack is still used for transport purposes, you also need to support WAP 1.0 gateways.

So, even if WAP 2.0 provides quite powerful functions, for a period of time, you may still have to carry out reliable and secure development work within the 1.x standard.

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