mysqldump is a common tool for performing logical backups of MySQL databases. It generates SQL files containing CREATE and INSERT statements to rebuild the database. 1. It does not back up the original file, but converts the database structure and content into portable SQL commands; 2. It is suitable for small databases or selective recovery, and is not suitable for fast recovery of TB-level data; 3. Common options include --single-transaction, --databases, --all-databases, --routines, etc.; 4. Use mysql command to import during recovery, and can turn off foreign key checks to improve speed; 5. It is recommended to test backup regularly, use compression, and automatic adjustment.

MySQL supports transaction processing, and uses the InnoDB storage engine to ensure data consistency and integrity. 1. Transactions are a set of SQL operations, either all succeed or all fail to roll back; 2. ACID attributes include atomicity, consistency, isolation and persistence; 3. The statements that manually control transactions are STARTTRANSACTION, COMMIT and ROLLBACK; 4. The four isolation levels include read not committed, read submitted, repeatable read and serialization; 5. Use transactions correctly to avoid long-term operation, turn off automatic commits, and reasonably handle locks and exceptions. Through these mechanisms, MySQL can achieve high reliability and concurrent control.

Character set and sorting rules issues are common when cross-platform migration or multi-person development, resulting in garbled code or inconsistent query. There are three core solutions: First, check and unify the character set of database, table, and fields to utf8mb4, view through SHOWCREATEDATABASE/TABLE, and modify it with ALTER statement; second, specify the utf8mb4 character set when the client connects, and set it in connection parameters or execute SETNAMES; third, select the sorting rules reasonably, and recommend using utf8mb4_unicode_ci to ensure the accuracy of comparison and sorting, and specify or modify it through ALTER when building the library and table.

To set up asynchronous master-slave replication for MySQL, follow these steps: 1. Prepare the master server, enable binary logs and set a unique server-id, create a replication user and record the current log location; 2. Use mysqldump to back up the master library data and import it to the slave server; 3. Configure the server-id and relay-log of the slave server, use the CHANGEMASTER command to connect to the master library and start the replication thread; 4. Check for common problems, such as network, permissions, data consistency and self-increase conflicts, and monitor replication delays. Follow the steps above to ensure that the configuration is completed correctly.

The most direct way to connect to MySQL database is to use the command line client. First enter the mysql-u username -p and enter the password correctly to enter the interactive interface; if you connect to the remote database, you need to add the -h parameter to specify the host address. Secondly, you can directly switch to a specific database or execute SQL files when logging in, such as mysql-u username-p database name or mysql-u username-p database name

To check whether Composer is installed correctly, first run the composer--version command to view the version information. If the version number is displayed, it means that it is installed. Secondly, use the composerdiagnose command to detect configuration problems and ensure that the environment variables and permissions are normal. Finally, try to verify the functional integrity through the composerrequiremonolog/monolog installation package. If the vendor directory is successfully created and the dependency is downloaded, it means that Composer is fully available. If the above steps fail, you may need to check whether PHP has been installed globally or adjusted system path settings.

The setting of character sets and collation rules in MySQL is crucial, affecting data storage, query efficiency and consistency. First, the character set determines the storable character range, such as utf8mb4 supports Chinese and emojis; the sorting rules control the character comparison method, such as utf8mb4_unicode_ci is case-sensitive, and utf8mb4_bin is binary comparison. Secondly, the character set can be set at multiple levels of server, database, table, and column. It is recommended to use utf8mb4 and utf8mb4_unicode_ci in a unified manner to avoid conflicts. Furthermore, the garbled code problem is often caused by inconsistent character sets of connections, storage or program terminals, and needs to be checked layer by layer and set uniformly. In addition, character sets should be specified when exporting and importing to prevent conversion errors

The key to installing Go is to select the correct version, configure environment variables, and verify the installation. 1. Go to the official website to download the installation package of the corresponding system. Windows uses .msi files, macOS uses .pkg files, Linux uses .tar.gz files and unzip them to /usr/local directory; 2. Configure environment variables, edit ~/.bashrc or ~/.zshrc in Linux/macOS to add PATH and GOPATH, and Windows set PATH to Go in the system properties; 3. Use the government command to verify the installation, and run the test program hello.go to confirm that the compilation and execution are normal. PATH settings and loops throughout the process