Python tuples
Python tuples are similar to lists, except that the elements of the tuple cannot be modified.
Use parentheses for tuples and square brackets for lists.
Tuple creation is very simple, just add elements in brackets and separate them with commas.
The following example:
tup1 = ('physics', 'chemistry', 1997, 2000); tup2 = (1, 2, 3, 4, 5 ); tup3 = "a", "b", "c", "d";
Create an empty tuple
tup1 = ();
When the tuple contains only one element, you need to add a comma after the element
tup1 = (50,);
element Groups are similar to strings. The subscript index starts from 0 and can be intercepted, combined, etc.
Accessing tuples
Tuples can use subscript indexes to access the values ??in the tuple, as shown in the following example:
#!/usr/bin/python tup1 = ('physics', 'chemistry', 1997, 2000); tup2 = (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 ); print "tup1[0]: ", tup1[0] print "tup2[1:5]: ", tup2[1:5]
The output result of the above example:
tup1[0]: physics tup2[1:5]: [2, 3, 4, 5]
Modify the tuple
The element values ??in the tuple are not allowed to be modified, but we can connect and combine the tuples, as shown in the following example:
#!/usr/bin/python tup1 = (12, 34.56); tup2 = ('abc', 'xyz'); # 以下修改元組元素操作是非法的。 # tup1[0] = 100; # 創(chuàng)建一個(gè)新的元組 tup3 = tup1 + tup2; print tup3;
The output result of the above example:
(12, 34.56, 'abc', 'xyz')
Delete a tuple
Element values ??in a tuple are not allowed to be deleted, but we can use the del statement to delete the entire tuple, as shown in the following example:
#!/usr/bin/python tup = ('physics', 'chemistry', 1997, 2000); print tup; del tup; print "After deleting tup : " print tup;
Above example After the tuple is deleted, the output variable will have exception information, and the output is as follows:
('physics', 'chemistry', 1997, 2000)
After deleting tup :
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "test.py", line 9, in <module>
print tup;
NameError: name 'tup' is not definedTuple operator
Like strings, the + sign and * can be used between tuples number to perform operations. This means that they can be combined and copied, resulting in a new tuple.
Python expression
Result
Description
len((1, 2, 3) ) 3 Calculate the number of elements
(1, 2, 3) + (4, 5, 6) (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6) Connect
['Hi !'] * 4 ('Hi!', 'Hi!', 'Hi!', 'Hi!') Copy
3 in (1, 2, 3) True Whether the element exists
for x in (1, 2, 3): print x, 1 2 3 Iteration
Tuple index, interception
Because the tuple is also a sequence, we can access the tuple The element at the specified position in the index can also be intercepted, as shown below:
Tuple:
L = ('spam', 'Spam', 'SPAM!')
Python expression
Result
Description
L[2] 'SPAM!' Read the third element
L[-2] 'Spam' Reverse Read in the direction; read the penultimate element
L[1:] ['Spam', 'SPAM!'] Intercept element
No closing delimiter
Any unsigned object, separated by commas, defaults to a tuple, as shown in the following example:
#!/usr/bin/python print 'abc', -4.24e93, 18+6.6j, 'xyz'; x, y = 1, 2; print "Value of x , y : ", x,y;
The above example allows the result:
abc -4.24e+93 (18+6.6j) xyz Value of x , y : 1 2
tuple built-in function
Python element The group contains the following built-in functions
serial number
method and description
1 cmp(tuple1, tuple2)
Compares two tuple elements.
2 len(tuple)
Calculate the number of tuple elements.
3 max(tuple)
Returns the maximum value of the element in the tuple.
4 min(tuple)
Returns the minimum value of the element in the tuple.
5 tuple(seq)
Convert the list to a tuple.
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