前端樣式,雖然不是經(jīng)常需要hack,但是我們經(jīng)常會遇到各瀏覽器表現(xiàn)不一致的情況。基于此,某些情況我們會極不情愿的使用這個不太友好的方式來達到大家要求的頁面表現(xiàn)。我個人是不太推薦使用hack的,要知道一名好的前端,要盡可能不使用hack的情況下實現(xiàn)需求,做到較好的用戶體驗??墒前?,現(xiàn)實太殘酷,瀏覽器廠商之間歷史遺留的問題讓我們在目標需求下不得不向hack妥協(xié),雖然這只是個別情況。今天,結(jié)合自己的經(jīng)驗和理解,做了幾個demo把IE6~IE10和其他標準瀏覽器的CSS hack做一個總結(jié),也許本文應該是目前最全面的hack總結(jié)了吧。
什么是CSS hack?
由于不同廠商的流覽器或某瀏覽器的不同版本(如IE6-IE11,Firefox/Safari/Opera/Chrome等),對CSS的支持、解析不一樣,導致在不同瀏覽器的環(huán)境中呈現(xiàn)出不一致的頁面展現(xiàn)效果。這時,我們?yōu)榱双@得統(tǒng)一的頁面效果,就需要針對不同的瀏覽器或不同版本寫特定的CSS樣式,我們把這個針對不同的瀏覽器/不同版本寫相應的CSS code的過程,叫做CSS hack!
CSS hack的原理
由于不同的瀏覽器和瀏覽器各版本對CSS的支持及解析結(jié)果不一樣,以及CSS優(yōu)先級對瀏覽器展現(xiàn)效果的影響,我們可以據(jù)此針對不同的瀏覽器情景來應用不同的CSS。
CSS hack分類
CSS Hack大致有3種表現(xiàn)形式,CSS屬性前綴法、選擇器前綴法以及IE條件注釋法(即HTML頭部引用if IE)Hack,實際項目中CSS Hack大部分是針對IE瀏覽器不同版本之間的表現(xiàn)差異而引入的。
- 屬性前綴法(即類內(nèi)部Hack):例如 IE6能識別下劃線"_"和星號" * ",IE7能識別星號" * ",但不能識別下劃線"_",IE6~IE10都認識"\9",但firefox前述三個都不能認識。
- 選擇器前綴法(即選擇器Hack):例如 IE6能識別*html .class{},IE7能識別*+html .class{}或者*:first-child+html .class{}。
- IE條件注釋法(即HTML條件注釋Hack):針對所有IE(注:IE10+已經(jīng)不再支持條件注釋): ,針對IE6及以下版本:
Hot AI Tools
Undress AI Tool
Undress images for free
Undresser.AI Undress
AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos
AI Clothes Remover
Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.
Clothoff.io
AI clothes remover
Video Face Swap
Swap faces in any video effortlessly with our completely free AI face swap tool!
Hot Article
Guide: Stellar Blade Save File Location/Save File Lost/Not Saving4 weeks ago By DDDOguri Cap Build Guide | A Pretty Derby Musume2 weeks ago By Jack chenAgnes Tachyon Build Guide | A Pretty Derby Musume1 weeks ago By Jack chenDune: Awakening - Advanced Planetologist Quest Walkthrough3 weeks ago By Jack chenDate Everything: Dirk And Harper Relationship Guide4 weeks ago By Jack chenHot Tools
Notepad++7.3.1
Easy-to-use and free code editor
SublimeText3 Chinese version
Chinese version, very easy to use
Zend Studio 13.0.1
Powerful PHP integrated development environment
Dreamweaver CS6
Visual web development tools
SublimeText3 Mac version
God-level code editing software (SublimeText3)
Hot Topics

The key to keep up with HTML standards and best practices is to do it intentionally rather than follow it blindly. First, follow the summary or update logs of official sources such as WHATWG and W3C, understand new tags (such as) and attributes, and use them as references to solve difficult problems; second, subscribe to trusted web development newsletters and blogs, spend 10-15 minutes a week to browse updates, focus on actual use cases rather than just collecting articles; second, use developer tools and linters such as HTMLHint to optimize the code structure through instant feedback; finally, interact with the developer community, share experiences and learn other people's practical skills, so as to continuously improve HTML skills.

The reason for using tags is to improve the semantic structure and accessibility of web pages, make it easier for screen readers and search engines to understand page content, and allow users to quickly jump to core content. Here are the key points: 1. Each page should contain only one element; 2. It should not include content that is repeated across pages (such as sidebars or footers); 3. It can be used in conjunction with ARIA properties to enhance accessibility. Usually located after and before, it is used to wrap unique page content, such as articles, forms or product details, and should be avoided in, or in; to improve accessibility, aria-labeledby or aria-label can be used to clearly identify parts.

To create a basic HTML document, you first need to understand its basic structure and write code in a standard format. 1. Use the declaration document type at the beginning; 2. Use the tag to wrap the entire content; 3. Include and two main parts in it, which are used to store metadata such as titles, style sheet links, etc., and include user-visible content such as titles, paragraphs, pictures and links; 4. Save the file in .html format and open the viewing effect in the browser; 5. Then you can gradually add more elements to enrich the page content. Follow these steps to quickly build a basic web page.

To create an HTML checkbox, use the type attribute to set the element of the checkbox. 1. The basic structure includes id, name and label tags to ensure that clicking text can switch options; 2. Multiple related check boxes should use the same name but different values, and wrap them with fieldset to improve accessibility; 3. Hide native controls when customizing styles and use CSS to design alternative elements while maintaining the complete functions; 4. Ensure availability, pair labels, support keyboard navigation, and avoid relying on only visual prompts. The above steps can help developers correctly implement checkbox components that have both functional and aesthetics.

To reduce the size of HTML files, you need to clean up redundant code, compress content, and optimize structure. 1. Delete unused tags, comments and extra blanks to reduce volume; 2. Move inline CSS and JavaScript to external files and merge multiple scripts or style blocks; 3. Simplify label syntax without affecting parsing, such as omitting optional closed tags or using short attributes; 4. After cleaning, enable server-side compression technologies such as Gzip or Brotli to further reduce the transmission volume. These steps can significantly improve page loading performance without sacrificing functionality.

It is a semantic tag used in HTML5 to define the bottom of the page or content block, usually including copyright information, contact information or navigation links; it can be placed at the bottom of the page or nested in, etc. tags as the end of the block; when using it, you should pay attention to avoid repeated abuse and irrelevant content.

HTMLhasevolvedsignificantlysinceitscreationtomeetthegrowingdemandsofwebdevelopersandusers.Initiallyasimplemarkuplanguageforsharingdocuments,ithasundergonemajorupdates,includingHTML2.0,whichintroducedforms;HTML3.x,whichaddedvisualenhancementsandlayout

To embed videos in HTML, use tags and specify the video source and attributes. 1. Use src attributes or elements to define the video path and format; 2. Add basic attributes such as controls, width, height; 3. To be compatible with different browsers, you can list MP4, WebM, Ogg and other formats; 4. Use controls, autoplay, muted, loop, preload and other attributes to control the playback behavior; 5. Use CSS to realize responsive layout to ensure that it is adapted to different screens. Correct combination of structure and attributes can ensure good display and functional support of the video.
