Memcached Getting Started Code Example_PHP Tutorial
Jul 20, 2016 am 11:08 AM
memcached 入門代碼實(shí)例
?
class mycache
{
? private $cache;
? function? __construct()
? {
??? $this->cache = new memcache();
??? // you can replace localhost by memcached server ip addr and port no.
??? $this->cache->connect('localhost', 10987);
? }
?
? function get_data($key)
? {
??? $data = $this->cache->get($key);
??? if($data != null)
????? return $data;
??? else
??? {
????? if($this->cache->getresultcode() == memcached::res_notfound)
????? {
??????? //do the databse query here and fetch data
??????? $this->cache->set($key,$data_returned_from_database);
????? }
????? else
????? {
??????? error_log('no data for key '.$key);
????? }
??? }
? }
}
?
$cache = mycache();
$cache->get_data('foo');
?
?>
memcache 在什么情況下被使用,什么情況下不要使用?
你在何時(shí)應(yīng)該使用 memcache,又要在何時(shí)避免使用它?現(xiàn)在你已經(jīng)知道了,memcahced 是被設(shè)計(jì)為減輕數(shù)據(jù)庫教程端壓力的。但是你最好能制定一個(gè)良好的策略,來想辦法讓 memcached 來盡可能的緩存那些最影響性能的查詢。你可以試著為應(yīng)用中的所有查詢做一些執(zhí)行時(shí)間日志,可以幫助你來分析哪些內(nèi)容是要重點(diǎn)被緩存的。
現(xiàn)在假設(shè)你正在運(yùn)營(yíng)一個(gè)電子商務(wù)網(wǎng)站。 你可以在 memcached 中緩存產(chǎn)品的簡(jiǎn)介、運(yùn)送信息,或者其它一些需要復(fù)雜查詢的數(shù)據(jù),等等。當(dāng)一個(gè)產(chǎn)品頁被加載的時(shí)候,上面提到的數(shù)據(jù)將會(huì)跳過數(shù)據(jù)庫查詢,直接從緩存中取得。緩存可以大大的改變你的網(wǎng)站整體性能表現(xiàn),你只需要記得在后臺(tái)更新產(chǎn)品的時(shí)候,把這些緩存一并更新就行了。
還有一些情況下,緩存數(shù)據(jù)并不是一個(gè)好主意,比如在一個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)被頻繁更新的時(shí)候,每一次數(shù)據(jù)的更新,我們都需要去同時(shí)更新緩存,緩存的命中率不高,會(huì)導(dǎo)致一些額外的性能犧牲。這種情況下,或許直接查數(shù)據(jù)庫會(huì)更好一些。
memcached 的安全性
如果你了解了 memcached 的工作流程, 你可能已經(jīng)注意到了,在訪問緩存的過程中,沒有任何權(quán)限控制的相關(guān)流程。如果你的數(shù)據(jù)不是非常重要的,你大可不必?fù)?dān)心這方面的安全問題。如果你需要的話,以下幾點(diǎn)可以協(xié)助你更完全的使用它:
使用唯一的 key:因?yàn)樵?memcached 中的數(shù)據(jù)是以一個(gè)大的數(shù)組形式存在的,所以你應(yīng)該使用唯一的 key。訪問你的數(shù)據(jù)的唯一辦法就是通過你保存數(shù)據(jù)時(shí)的 key,除此之外再?zèng)]有其它可查詢的辦法。
保證你的 memcached 器安全: 因?yàn)?memcached 本身并沒有身份驗(yàn)證機(jī)制,所以對(duì) memcached 的服務(wù)器查詢,都應(yīng)該通過防火墻進(jìn)行。你可以在防火墻上設(shè)定規(guī)則,哪些服務(wù)器是允許被訪問的,哪些是不允許被訪問的。
加密你的數(shù)據(jù): 你可以將數(shù)據(jù)和 key 通過加密的方式保存在 memcached 中。 這需要花費(fèi)一些額外的 cpu 時(shí)間,但是為了你的數(shù)據(jù)安全,在情況允許的情況下,這個(gè)方法值得你去嘗試。

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