Strategies for Improving Write Performance in MySQL
Jul 15, 2025 am 01:55 AM
Optimizing MySQL write performance requires starting from multiple aspects. 1. Use batch insertion to merge multiple data into one INSERT statement to execute. It is recommended to control it to 500 to 1000 at a time. 2. Adjust the transaction commit frequency, wrap multiple operations in one transaction and commit uniformly, and set innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit=2 to reduce disk I/O. 3. Adopt appropriate indexing strategies to avoid unnecessary indexes, delete unnecessary indexes before importing data and rebuild after importing. It is recommended to use self-incremental integers for the primary key. 4. Rationally configure InnoDB parameters, such as increasing innodb_buffer_pool_size and innodb_log_file_size, and adjust innodb_io_capacity according to disk performance, thereby improving write throughput capabilities.
MySQL's write performance directly affects the overall efficiency of the database, especially in scenarios with high concurrency or large data volumes. Optimizing write speed is not a simple configuration adjustment, but requires starting from multiple aspects.
1. Use batch inserts reasonably
Frequent single INSERT operations can lead to a large number of network and transaction overhead, reducing write efficiency. Combining multiple pieces of data into one INSERT statement to execute can significantly reduce the number of requests and log flushing frequency.
For example:
INSERT INTO users (name, email) VALUES ('Alice', 'alice@example.com'), ('Bob', 'bob@example.com'), ('Charlie', 'charlie@example.com');
Compared to multiple single inserts, this method can save a lot of time. It is recommended to control the batch between 500 and 1000 pieces each time. The specific values can be fine-tuned according to the server memory and load conditions.
2. Adjust transaction commit frequency
By default, disk I/O is triggered once every transaction commit, which is a significant burden on performance. If you are not particularly demanding on data consistency, you can optimize it in the following ways:
- Wrap multiple insert operations in one transaction and submit them uniformly.
- Set
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2so that the logs are flushed every second, rather than every commit.
Note: Doing this will increase the risk of losing data when the system crashes, and is suitable for writing log-class and temporary data.
3. Use the appropriate indexing strategy
Although indexing improves query efficiency, it will also slow down the writing speed. Because every insertion or update requires maintenance of the index structure.
suggestion:
- Avoid adding indexes to unnecessary fields.
- Before batch importing data, delete the non-essential index first and then rebuild after the import is completed.
- Try to use autoincrement integers for primary keys to avoid using UUIDs with unordered values.
For example, if you are doing a million-level data import, you can execute it before importing:
ALTER TABLE my_table DROP INDEX idx_name; -- After the import is completed, ALTER TABLE my_table ADD INDEX idx_name(column_name);
This can effectively reduce the index maintenance overhead during write.
4. Configure InnoDB parameters reasonably
InnoDB is MySQL's default storage engine, and its parameter settings have a great impact on write performance. Some key parameters can be adjusted appropriately:
-
innodb_buffer_pool_size: The larger the better, usually set to 60%~80% of physical memory. -
innodb_log_file_size: Increasing the log file size can reduce the checkpoint frequency and improve write throughput. -
innodb_io_capacity: Set the appropriate I/O capacity according to disk performance, and the SSD can be set to above 2000.
The reasonable configuration of these parameters can significantly improve your write performance, but you also need to be careful not to exceed the hardware capabilities.
Basically all this is it, writing performance optimization is not complicated but details are easily overlooked.
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