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Table of Contents
Install Composer
Initialize the project and add dependencies
Automatic loading and optimization
Update and uninstall dependencies
Home Backend Development PHP Tutorial How to use PHP Composer for dependency management?

How to use PHP Composer for dependency management?

Jul 13, 2025 am 02:00 AM
Dependency management

Composer solves many problems with PHP dependency management. 1. Install Composer: Windows users use graphical installer, Linux/macOS users download and move to the system path through commands; 2. Initialize the project: Run composer init to create composer.json file; 3. Add dependencies: manually edit the file or use the composer require command to install the package; 4. Automatic loading: Introduce vendor/autoload.php to automatically load the class library, and custom classes can be automatically loaded by configuring the autoload field; 5. Update and unload dependencies: Use composer update and composer remove commands respectively.

How to use PHP Composer for dependency management?

PHP's dependency management was once a troublesome thing, manually downloading, introducing class libraries, and processing automatically loading, which is inefficient and prone to errors. After Composer appeared, these problems were basically solved. It has become the de facto standard tool in PHP projects.

How to use PHP Composer for dependency management?

Install Composer

Composer itself is a command line tool, and the installation method varies slightly on different systems.

  • Windows users : It is recommended to use the official graphical installer ( getcomposer.org ), which will automatically configure environment variables.
  • Linux/macOS user : You can install it using the following command:
 php -r "copy('http://www.miracleart.cn/link/521eae94653641ec7be496db736ce3f6installer', 'composer-setup.php');"
php composer-setup.php
php -r "unlink('composer-setup.php');"
sudo mv composer.phar /usr/local/bin/composer

After the installation is completed, enter composer --version to see if the version number is displayed and confirm whether the installation is successful.

How to use PHP Composer for dependency management?

Initialize the project and add dependencies

After entering your project directory, run:

 composer init

This command will guide you to create a composer.json file that records the meta information and dependencies of the project.

How to use PHP Composer for dependency management?

There are two ways to add dependencies:

  • Manually edit the composer.json file and write the required package name and version;
  • Use the command to install the package directly:
 composer requires vendor/package

For example:

 composer requires monolog/monolog

After execution, Composer will automatically download the package and its dependencies to vendor/ directory, and generate the automatic loading file vendor/autoload.php . You only need to introduce this file in your code to use these class libraries directly.


Automatic loading and optimization

Composer not only helps you manage dependencies, but also automatically generates automatic loading mechanisms for classes.

By default, all class libraries installed through Composer can be loaded correctly as long as you use require 'vendor/autoload.php';

If you write the class yourself, you can also modify composer.json to automatically load:

 "autoload": {
    "psr-4": {
        "MyApp\\": "src/"
    }
}

The above means: all classes under the namespace MyApp\ are placed in src/ directory. After configuration, run:

 composer dump-autoload

In this way, the classes you write can also be automatically loaded like third-party libraries.

In the production environment, you can also add a -o parameter to optimize the loading speed:

 composer dump-autoload -o

Update and uninstall dependencies

Update dependencies are simple, you can use:

 composer update

This will upgrade all dependencies to the latest compatible version according to the version rules defined in composer.json .

If you want to update only a certain package:

 composer update vendor/package

It is also convenient to uninstall a dependency:

 composer remove vendor/package

Composer will automatically clean up related files and configurations.


Basically that's it. Composer is not complicated to use, but many newbies tend to get stuck in installation or automatic loading issues at the beginning. As long as you pay attention to the correspondence between paths and namespaces, most problems can be solved.

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