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Table of Contents
How to determine whether DataFrame is empty
Common misjudgment situations and precautions
Other methods can be judged, but not recommended
Home Backend Development Python Tutorial python if pandas dataframe is empty

python if pandas dataframe is empty

Jul 13, 2025 am 01:48 AM
php java programming language

The most common method to determine whether a Pandas DataFrame is empty is to use the df.empty property. 1. df.empty is the preferred method to determine whether DataFrame is empty. It returns a Boolean value, and if there is no data, it is True; 2. Common misjudgments include the result of filtering and the empty check should also be used at this time; 3. Other methods such as len(df) == 0 or df.shape[0] == 0 Although feasible, the readability and stability are slightly poor, it is recommended to use df.empty first.

python if pandas dataframe is empty

The most common method to determine whether a Pandas DataFrame is empty is to use the empty attribute. If you want to know how to quickly confirm whether a DataFrame has data, using this property directly is the easiest and most effective way.

python if pandas dataframe is empty

How to determine whether DataFrame is empty

Pandas provides a special property: df.empty , which returns a boolean value. If there is no data in the DataFrame (that is, the number of rows is 0), True will be returned; otherwise, False will be returned.

 import pandas as pd

df = pd.DataFrame()
if df.empty:
    print("DataFrame is empty")
else:
    print("DataFrame has data")

This method is concise and clear, and is suitable for use when making conditional judgments in programs, such as checking whether it is loaded successfully after reading data.

python if pandas dataframe is empty

Common misjudgment situations and precautions

Sometimes you think the DataFrame is empty, but in fact, the result is filtered out because of some operations. For example, in the following situation:

 df = pd.DataFrame({'A': [1, 2, 3]})
filtered_df = df[df['A'] > 10] # This filter will not match any rows

At this time filtered_df is an empty DataFrame. If you don't pay attention to this, you may make an error in subsequent processing.

python if pandas dataframe is empty

Therefore, when writing code, it is recommended to add a judgment after the key steps:

  • Check if it is empty after reading the CSV or database
  • After filtering, grouping and other operations, you should also pay attention to whether there is data in the results.

This can avoid errors during runtime and improve the robustness of the program.


Although there are other ways to determine whether the DataFrame is empty, for example:

  • len(df) == 0
  • df.shape[0] == 0
  • not df.index.tolist()

These methods can also achieve their goals, but in comparison:

  • Not as intuitive as df.empty
  • Slightly poor readability
  • It may not be stable enough under certain boundary situations

So if you don’t have special needs, it is recommended to use df.empty first.


Basically that's it. It is not complicated to judge whether the DataFrame is empty, but it is easy to cause errors due to negligence in actual projects. Adding a judgment in advance can save a lot of trouble.

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