Inserting multiple rows of data at one time in MySQL can be achieved using the INSERT INTO statement combined with multi-value groups or SELECT clauses. The specific steps are as follows: 1. When inserting multiple rows, multiple data groups must be listed in brackets after VALUES, separated by commas, and no commas are added at the end; 2. If the data comes from other tables, you can filter data from the source table to insert into the target table by INSERT INTO ... SELECT; 3. Pay attention to the performance control within a few hundred to avoid locking tables, using transactions to ensure data consistency, avoid self-increasing primary key conflicts, and checking field length limitations.
It is actually quite common to insert multiple rows of data at one time in MySQL, especially when you need to batch import or initialize data. It is much more efficient to do it directly with one statement than to execute multiple single inserts in a loop.
Basic syntax structure
The standard way to insert multiple rows in MySQL is to list multiple value groups in brackets after the INSERT INTO statement, and each group is separated by commas. for example:
INSERT INTO users (name, email) VALUES ('Zhang San', 'zhangsan@example.com'), ('Li Si', 'lisi@example.com'), ('Wangwu', 'wangwu@example.com');
This method can insert dozens or even hundreds of records at a time, provided that your SQL statement should not be too long, otherwise it may exceed the limit of max_allowed_packet.
- The field order should correspond one by one to the order in values
- Each set of data must be enclosed in brackets, separated by commas by multiple groups.
- You cannot add a comma at the end of the last line, otherwise an error will be reported.
Insert existing data in batches in combination with SELECT
If your data source comes from another table, you can use INSERT INTO ... SELECT to insert batches. This scenario is often used for data migration, copying, or archiving operations.
For example, select some users from the old user table and insert them into the new table:
INSERT INTO new_users (name, email) SELECT name, email FROM old_users WHERE status = 'active';
The advantage of this method is that it does not require manual construction of large number of value lists, and can reuse existing query conditions. However, pay attention to whether the field type of the target table matches the source table, otherwise implicit conversion or insertion failure is likely to occur.
Notes and FAQs
Although it is convenient to insert multiple lines, there are some places where you can easily get stuck:
- Performance : Although the more you insert at a time, the faster you get, it cannot be stacked without limits. It is recommended to control it within a few hundred to avoid the locking time of the table.
- Transaction processing : If it is critical data, it is best to place it in the transaction to execute it, so that errors can be rolled back to avoid partial insertion and causing data confusion.
- Self-increase primary key conflict : If the table has self-increase ID, do not specify the value manually unless you are sure that there will be no conflict.
- Field length limit : Especially for the varchar type, if the inserted content exceeds the defined length, it may be truncated or directly reported an error, depending on the database schema settings.
For example, suppose you have an address field that is varchar(50), but you want to insert a string of length 60. At this time, if sql_mode allows warnings, it will automatically truncate; but if strict mode is set, an error will be reported and the entire insertion will be interrupted directly.
Basically all of this is it. Multi-line insertion is not complicated by itself, but in actual use, it is necessary to adjust parameters and strategies in combination with specific scenarios.
The above is the detailed content of mysql insert into multiple rows. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!
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