CSS Grid is one of the most powerful tools for handling complex interface layouts. It supports a two-dimensional grid system that can control rows and columns at the same time. After defining the container with display: grid, set the row and column size through grid-template-columns and grid-template-rows, and 1fr represents a copy of the available space. Common techniques include: 1. Use repeat() to simplify the definition of repeated rows and columns; 2. Use minmax() to set the content adaptive range; 3. Use grid-template-areas to improve readability and simplify structural maintenance; 4. Use gap to set spacing uniformly; 5. Use auto-fit to realize responsive line wrap layout. By mastering these core points and practicing more, you can efficiently build a modern web interface.

To solve complex interface layouts, CSS Grid is one of the most powerful tools at present. Instead of dealing with only one-dimensional layouts like Flexbox, it truly supports a 2D grid system, allowing you to control both rows and columns at the same time. If you are still using floating or absolute positioning to form complex structures, it's really time to try Grid.

Understand the basic structure of Grid

The core of the Grid layout is to define a container as display: grid and then set the size of rows and columns. You can use grid-template-columns and grid-template-rows to define the dimensions of each row and each column. for example:

 .container {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 2fr 1fr;
}

The above code will create three columns, and the middle column is twice the width of the left and right columns. Understanding the fr unit (representing "fraction", a copy of the usable space) is a very critical step.

Common techniques include:

• Use the repeat() function to simplify repeated column or row definitions, such as repeat(3, 1fr) to represent three equal width columns.
• Use minmax() to set the minimum maximum value to automatically adapt to different screen sizes.

Improve readability with region naming

When building complex layouts, giving each area a name will make the code clearer and easier to maintain. Through grid-template-areas you can directly "draw" the layout structure:

 .container {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 2fr 1fr;
  grid-template-rows: auto 1fr auto;
  grid-template-areas:
    "header header header"
    "nav main sidebar"
    "footer footer footer";
}

Then use grid-area in the child elements to specify which region they belong to:

 .header {
  grid-area: header;
}

This method is particularly suitable for page-level layouts, such as dashboard and backend management system interfaces, which can see the structural relationship at a glance, and later modifications are more intuitive.

Control spacing and responsive adaptation

Two often overlooked but very practical properties are gap and auto-fit . gap can set the spacing between rows and columns uniformly without adding additional margins:

 .container {
  gap: 20px;
}

In responsive design, combining minmax() and auto-fit can achieve a flexible layout of automatic line wrapping:

 .container {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(250px, 1fr));
}

This writing allows the project to automatically adjust the number of columns according to the container width, such as from one row to two to one row and three, which is very suitable for card-type layout.

Basically that's it. By mastering these core points, you can use CSS Grid to build most complex modern web interfaces. What is not complicated but easy to ignore is: practice more nested use in actual scenarios and reasonably divide the area range, so that the power of Grid can be truly exerted.

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