The purpose of Vue compiler is to convert the template part of the Vue single file component into a JavaScript-executable rendering function. Specifically, it converts HTML writing into JS functions during the construction stage, processes interpolated expressions, instructions, and dynamic binding properties, and supports debugging and optimization functions in the development environment. When using .vue files, compilers are required, and the runtime version does not support template compilation, so you need to choose the full version of Vue or manually write the render function.
The function of Vue compiler is to convert the template part of the Vue single file component (.vue file) we wrote into JavaScript executable code, specifically to generate render function . This process occurs during the build phase (such as when building a project using Webpack or Vite) and is not run in the browser.
Template compilation: convert HTML-like writing into JS functions
You may have written a Vue template like this:
<template> <div>Hello {{ name }}</div> </template>
Vue compiler will compile this template into a JS function similar to the following:
function render() { return h('div', 'Hello ' name) }
This function is called when the component is created and is used to generate a virtual DOM. This is why you can write structures in Vue in HTML, but in fact the underlying layer is pure JS working.
- The compiler will handle:
- Interpolation expression
{{ }}
- Directives such as
v-if
andv-for
- Dynamic binding properties
:class
,:style
- Interpolation expression
Support compile-time optimization (Dev-only)
In the development environment, the Vue compiler will do some extra things, such as:
- Prompt template syntax error
- Generate debug information
- Recompile templates when HMR (hot update) is supported
These features are turned off or simplified in production environments to improve performance and reduce volume.
Impact build configuration: Should I bring a compiler?
If you are using a .vue
file, you will definitely need a Vue compiler. But if you only use "runtime-only" Vue, you cannot use the template compilation function.
For example:
If you write the component like this, you will report an error:
const app = createApp({ template: `<div>{{ message }}</div>`, data() { return { message: 'Hi' } } })
Because the runtime version does not have a compiler, template
field is not recognized. There are two solutions:
- Use full version of Vue with compiler
- Write
render()
function yourself instead oftemplate
Therefore, whether to include compiler will affect your packaging configuration and writing method.
Basically that's it. Simply put, Vue compiler is a translator, turning templates into JS rendering functions, allowing you to write interfaces in a more intuitive way.
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