


Creating Reusable UI Components with HTML5 Custom Elements (Web Components)
Jul 08, 2025 am 02:24 AMYes, HTML5's Custom Elements can be used to create reusable UI components. 1. It is part of Web Components, allowing developers to define custom elements such as
Direct response title: Yes, HTML5's Custom Elements can indeed be used to create reusable UI components, and it is part of the Web Components technology stack, which is ideal for building cross-project and cross-frame component libraries.

What are HTML5 Custom Elements?
Custom Elements is part of the Web Components standard and allows you to create your own HTML elements. For example, you can define a <my-button></my-button>
or <user-card></user-card>
and then use them in any browser that supports this feature.

These elements are essentially native HTML elements, but behavior and appearance that you define yourself. The key is that the "custom class" inherits from HTMLElement
and then registers via customElements.define()
.
Simple registration example:

class MyButton extends HTMLElement { constructor() { super(); this.attachShadow({ mode: 'open' }); this.shadowRoot.innerHTML = `<button><slot></slot></button>`; } } customElements.define('my-button', MyButton);
This way you can use it in HTML:
<my-button>Click me</my-button>
How to create reusable UI components?
The core idea of ??creating reusable components is to encapsulate structures, styles, and behaviors so that components can be used seamlessly across different projects.
Here are some key steps and suggestions:
Isolate Styles with Shadow DOM
Using Shadow DOM inside a component prevents style from contaminating external pages, while also better encapsulating the internal structure of the component.Rational use of slot slot mechanism
Through the<slot></slot>
element, users can insert content into the component, improving flexibility. For example, the button component can allow the incoming of any text or icon.Encapsulate logic into custom classes
All interaction logic should be written in the class that inheritsHTMLElement
, including event listening, attribute change processing, etc.Supports response attribute changes (observedAttributes)
If you want the component to react according to property changes, you can defineobservedAttributes
and implementattributeChangedCallback()
method.
Practical application scenarios and limitations
Custom Elements are best suited for scenarios where high reuse and do not rely on specific frameworks, such as common components in design systems (buttons, input boxes, cards, etc.). One of its major advantages is that it can be used directly in frameworks such as React, Vue, Angular, etc.
But there are some limitations to note:
Compatibility issues
Although mainstream modern browsers are already supported, polyfill may be required in some older browsers.Performance considerations
The heavy use of Shadow DOM and custom elements can have a performance impact, especially when creating components dynamically.Debugging complexity increases
Because Shadow DOM is isolated, sometimes debugging styles or DOM structures will be more troublesome than normal elements.
Tips: How to organize multiple component projects?
If you plan to build a complete component library, it is recommended to manage the code structure as follows:
- Each component has a separate file (such as
my-button.js
,user-card.js
) - Use a packaging tool such as Rollup or Webpack to package components into publishable modules
- Provide documentation site to show how and examples each component is used
In addition, introducing components in combination with ES Modules allows you to load the required parts in your project as needed instead of loading the entire library at once.
Basically that's it. Custom Elements are not complicated, but to truly make reusable components, you still need to pay more attention to the detailed packaging and interface design.
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