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Table of Contents
The basic composition of the table structure
Add borders and style controls
How to improve accessibility and semantics
Home Web Front-end HTML Tutorial Building Data Tables with the HTML table Element

Building Data Tables with the HTML table Element

Jul 06, 2025 am 02:09 AM
data table html table

HTML tables are composed of

, , , , <th> and
. 1. is a container, 2. wraps the table header, 3. contains the main content, 4. defines rows, 5. <th> is a bold centered header cell, and 6. <th> should be used to match scope attributes and add <caption> to improve accessibility and semantics, avoid complex layouts to ensure compatibility of auxiliary devices.

Building Data Tables with the HTML table Element

The <table> element of HTML is the basic tool for creating data tables. Although front-end frameworks and component libraries are already abundant now, it is still important to understand how to build clear structure and semantic tables with native HTML. <img src="/static/imghw/default1.png" data-src="https://img.php.cn/upload/article/000/000/000/175173895514888.jpeg" class="lazy" alt="Building Data Tables with the HTML table Element"><hr> <h3 id="The-basic-composition-of-the-table-structure"> The basic composition of the table structure</h3> <p> A complete HTML data table is usually composed of several key tags: <code><table> , <code><thead> , <code><tbody> , <code><tr> , <code><th> and <code><td> . <img src="/static/imghw/default1.png" data-src="https://img.php.cn/upload/article/000/000/000/175173895353652.jpeg" class="lazy" alt="Building Data Tables with the HTML table Element"><ul><li> <code><table> is the container for the entire table<li> <code><thead> is used to wrap the header part<li> <code><tbody> contains the content of the table body<li> <code><tr> represents a row of data<li> <code><th> is a header cell, usually bold and centered.<li> <code><td> is a normal data cell<p> Let's give a simple example:</p><pre class='brush:php;toolbar:false;'> &lt;table&gt; &lt;head&gt; &lt;tr&gt; &lt;th&gt;Name&lt;/th&gt; &lt;th&gt;Age&lt;/th&gt; &lt;th&gt;City&lt;/th&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;/head&gt; &lt;tbody&gt; &lt;tr&gt; &lt;td&gt;Zhang San&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td&gt;28&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td&gt;Beijing&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr&gt; &lt;td&gt;Li Si&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td&gt;32&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td&gt;Shanghai&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;/tbody&gt; &lt;/table&gt;</pre><p> The tables written in this way are not only clear in structure, but also easier to be recognized by auxiliary tools such as screen readers. </p><img src="/static/imghw/default1.png" data-src="https://img.php.cn/upload/article/000/000/000/175173895727969.jpeg" class="lazy" alt="Building Data Tables with the HTML table Element" /><hr /><h3 id="Add-borders-and-style-controls"> Add borders and style controls</h3><p> By default, HTML tables have no borders and look rather simple. It can beautified through <code>border attribute or CSS.

Adding borders using HTML attributes is very simple:

 <table border="1">

However, it is more recommended to use CSS control styles, which can achieve better flexibility and responsive design:

 <style>
  table {
    border-collapse: collapse;
    width: 100%;
  }
  th, td {
    border: 1px solid #ccc;
    padding: 8px;
    text-align: left;
  }
</style>

Here are a few tips:

  • Use border-collapse: collapse; to make borders merge and look cleaner
  • Set text-align unified text alignment to avoid messy
  • Add padding to make content less crowded

How to improve accessibility and semantics

In addition to visual presentation, semantics and accessibility support should be considered when building data tables.

  • Mark all headers with <th> and add scope="col" or scope="row" to help screen readers understand the content range corresponding to the header
  • If the table is large, you can use <caption> to add a title description
  • Avoid nested tables or complex cross-row/column layouts, which can increase the difficulty of understanding the auxiliary device

For example:

 <caption>User Basic Information Table</caption>

This will not only improve user experience, but also improve website compliance, especially for projects that need to meet WCAG standards.

Basically that's it. Although HTML tables are basic, the key is to have clear structure and correct semantics. Only by mastering these details can we lay a solid foundation for subsequent style beautification and functional enhancement.

is a normal data cell. It is recommended to use CSS to set borders, merge borders, unify text alignment and increase margins to beautify the table; at the same time,

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