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Table of Contents
1. preload : load the resources to use immediately on the current page in advance
2. prefetch : preload resources that may be used in the future
3. Use the right timing is more important than anything else
Home Web Front-end Vue.js How to use prefetch and preload hints?

How to use prefetch and preload hints?

Jul 01, 2025 am 12:43 AM

preload is used for resources urgently needed on the current page, such as fonts, CSS, JS, etc., to load key resources in advance through ; 2. Prefetch is used to preload resources that may be used in the future, such as subsequent page scripts, which will only be loaded when the browser is idle; 3. Pay attention to priorities and scenarios when using it to avoid abuse affecting performance. Correctly distinguishing the uses of preload and prefetch, and combining development strategies such as lazy routing, can effectively optimize web page loading speed.

The browser's preloading mechanism is actually quite practical, especially when optimizing the loading speed of web pages. prefetch and preload in the <link> tag are two common tips, but many people are prone to confusion or inadequate when using them.

The key is to understand the scenarios and resource types that they each apply, and not just add a label to improve performance.


1. preload : load the resources to use immediately on the current page in advance

The purpose of preload is to tell the browser: "I'm going to use this resource now, you can download it first." It is suitable for resources that are crucial for first screen rendering, such as fonts, CSS, JS or large images.

Common usage:

 <link rel="preload" href="style.css" as="style">
<link rel="preload" href="main.js" as="script">
<link rel="preload" href="font.woff2" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin>
  • as attribute is important, it helps the browser correctly set request priority and content type.
  • If it is a cross-domain font, you must add crossorigin , otherwise it may not be cached.
  • Don't abuse it, otherwise it will occupy bandwidth and affect the resources you really need.

For example, if you have a large image carousel on your homepage, you can preload the first image like this:

 <link rel="preload" href="hero-slide1.jpg" as="image">

In this way, the user has not scrolled to that part and the picture has been loaded.


2. prefetch : preload resources that may be used in the future

prefetch is more like a resource that "prepare for the next jump in advance". It is suitable for the resources required by the page or function that users may access next, such as the page script after logging in, the CSS for the next page, etc.

Common usage:

 <link rel="prefetch" href="/dashboard.js" as="script">
<link rel="prefetch" href="/next-page.css" as="style">
  • The browser will download these resources only when it is idle, so it will not affect the current page.
  • Suitable for triggering when navigation link hover, such as:
 <a href="/next-page" onmouseover="prefetchNextPage()">Next Page</a>

<script>
function prefetchNextPage() {
  const link = document.createElement(&#39;link&#39;);
  link.rel = &#39;prefetch&#39;;
  link.href = &#39;/next-page.css&#39;;
  link.as = &#39;style&#39;;
  document.head.appendChild(link);
}
</script>
</script>

However, be careful not to overuse it, especially on mobile terminals, it is still necessary to save some traffic.


3. Use the right timing is more important than anything else

  • Don't preload all resources , as it will slow down the loading of the first screen.
  • prefetch is not suitable for the resources to be used immediately on the current page , and its priority is too low.
  • It can be used in combination with lazy routing loading, for example, in the React/Vue project, prefetch corresponds to chunk when hovering a certain route link.
  • Use Chrome DevTools' Network panel to see which resources are preloaded successfully, whether there are conflicts or wastes.

In general, preload is "need now" and prefetch is "to talk about it later". Understand the resource usage and loading priority, and cooperate with the development strategy, and the effect will be revealed.

Basically that's it.

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