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Table of Contents
1. Clear structure: laying the foundation for semantic HTML
2. Diversity should be considered in visual and interaction design
3. There should be alternatives to pictures, videos and form content
4. Testing and continuous optimization are the key
Home Web Front-end HTML Tutorial How do I design and develop websites that are accessible to all users?

How do I design and develop websites that are accessible to all users?

Jun 30, 2025 am 01:39 AM

To design and develop a website that is user-friendly, accessibility must be prioritized from the outset. 1. Clear structure: Use semantic HTML tags such as

,

The core of designing and developing a website that is user-friendly is to make “accessibility” a priority from the outset rather than remediation afterwards. This means that the use scenarios of users with different abilities must be taken into account in the design, coding and content organization stages.


1. Clear structure: laying the foundation for semantic HTML

HTML is the foundation of web pages. Using the right tags not only helps search engines understand content, but is also crucial to assistive technologies such as screen readers. for example:

  • Use semantic tags such as <header></header> , <nav></nav> , <main></main> , <article></article> to divide the page structure;
  • Title levels (h1~h6) should be nested reasonably to avoid skipping or abuse;
  • The form element must have the corresponding <label></label> tag and be correctly bound;
  • Avoid simulating title or button effects by relying solely on styles, which will lose accessibility support.

Tips: You can use the browser's developer tools to see if the page structure is clear, or use the accessibility check plug-in to test.


2. Diversity should be considered in visual and interaction design

Visual design is not only good-looking, but also ensures that users with color blindness, low vision, or even without a mouse can operate smoothly:

  • Color contrast : There must be at least 4.5:1 contrast between the text and the background (large fonts can be relaxed to 3:1), and can be detected using the Contrast Checker tool;
  • Icons combined with text : using icons alone may be difficult to understand, and it is best to match them with text instructions;
  • Keyboard navigation friendly : Ensure that all functions are accessible via the Tab key and that the focus status is clearly visible;
  • Avoid automatically playing animations or sounds to avoid interfering with attention or causing sensory discomfort.

Some designers are used to only focusing on mouse interaction, but in reality, many users rely on keyboards, voice control or other input methods.


3. There should be alternatives to pictures, videos and form content

Multimedia content is an important carrier of information, but it is also easy to become an obstacle:

  • All pictures should add an alt attribute to describe the image content (the decorative pictures can be empty alt);
  • The video should be provided with subtitles, preferably a sign language translation or text draft;
  • Form error prompts, please clearly point out the problem, and do not just use red highlights;
  • Give specific suggestions when submission fails, such as "Please enter a valid email address".

For example: If you upload a flowchart and images alone cannot be read by the screen reader, you must be accompanied by a concise text description to allow everyone to understand the content.


4. Testing and continuous optimization are the key

Even if you do it thoroughly in the early stage, you cannot confirm whether it is truly accessible without real testing:

  • Use screen readers (such as NVDA, VoiceOver) to experience it yourself;
  • Scan FAQs with automation tools (such as Axe, WAVE);
  • Listen to real feedback from users with disabilities;
  • Check accessibility synchronously when regularly updating website content.

Many teams will only think of doing accessibility tests later in the project, which is not only expensive, but also prone to missing details. It is best to do and test while forming work habits.


Basically that's it. It is not complicated to make the website accessible, but it does require conscious planning and execution from the beginning.

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