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Table of Contents
Basic Setup: Adding a Video Element
Controlling Playback with JavaScript
Handling Events and States
Custom Controls and UX Tips
Home Web Front-end HTML Tutorial What is the Video API, and how do I use it to control video playback using JavaScript?

What is the Video API, and how do I use it to control video playback using JavaScript?

Jun 22, 2025 am 12:55 AM

How to use JavaScript to control web video playback? The answer is through the

A Video API isn't a single tool but refers to the built-in browser features that let you control video playback using JavaScript. If you want to play, pause, or adjust video behavior on a webpage dynamically, you're probably working with the HTML5 <video></video> element and its associated methods and properties.

Here's how you can use it effectively:


Basic Setup: Adding a Video Element

To get started, you need an HTML <video></video> tag. You can include controls (or remove them if you want to build your own interface).

 <video id="myVideo" width="640" height="360" src="example.mp4"></video>

This sets up a basic video player without native controls. The id is important — you'll use it in JavaScript to target the video.

You can also include multiple sources for better compatibility:

 <video id="myVideo">
  <source src="example.mp4" type="video/mp4">
  <source src="example.webm" type="video/webm">
  Your browser does not support the video tag.
</video>

Controlling Playback with JavaScript

Once the video is on the page, you can use JavaScript to interact with it. Here are some common actions:

  • Play the video:

     const video = document.getElementById(&#39;myVideo&#39;);
    video.play();
  • Pause the video:

     video.pause();
  • Check or change current time:

     console.log(video.currentTime); // Get current position
    video.currentTime = 10; // Jump to 10 seconds
  • Mute/unmute:

     video.muted = true; // Mute
    video.muted = false; // Unmute
  • Change volume (0.0 to 1.0):

     video.volume = 0.5; // Set to 50%

You can tie these to buttons or events like clicks or scroll positions.


Handling Events and States

Videos emit events that you can listen for. This helps you react to what users are doing or when something changes behind the scenes.

Common event listeners:

  • When video starts playing:

     video.addEventListener(&#39;play&#39;, () => {
      console.log(&#39;Video started&#39;);
    });
  • When video is paused:

     video.addEventListener(&#39;pause&#39;, () => {
      console.log(&#39;Video paused&#39;);
    });
  • When video ends:

     video.addEventListener(&#39;ended&#39;, () => {
      console.log(&#39;Playback finished&#39;);
    });

You might also check the ready state to make sure the video is loaded before trying to play it:

 if (video.readyState >= 2) { // HAVE_ENOUGH_DATA
  video.play();
}

Custom Controls and UX Tips

If you're building custom UI elements like play/pause buttons, remember:

  • Toggle button states visually (eg, switch from ?? to ??)
  • Disable buttons during loading or buffering
  • Show loading indicators when needed
  • Handle autoplay restrictions — most browsers block autoplay unless muted

For example, a toggle play button could look like this:

 const playBtn = document.getElementById(&#39;playButton&#39;);
playBtn.addEventListener(&#39;click&#39;, () => {
  if (video.paused) {
    video.play();
    playBtn.textContent = &#39;Pause&#39;;
  } else {
    video.pause();
    playBtn.textContent = &#39;Play&#39;;
  }
});

Also, don't forget accessibility — provide labels and keyboard support for custom controls.


And that's the core of using the Video API with JavaScript. It's pretty straightforward once you know which methods and events are available. Just keep in mind browser quirks and user interaction policies, especially around autoplay and sound.

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