Enabling Gzip compression can effectively reduce the size of web page files and improve loading speed. 1. The Apache server needs to add configuration in the .htaccess file and ensure that the mod_deflate module is enabled; 2.Nginx needs to edit the site configuration file, set gzipon and define the compression type, minimum length and compression level; 3. After the configuration is completed, you can verify whether it takes effect through online tools or browser developer tools. Pay attention to the server module status and MIME type integrity during operation to ensure normal compression operation.

The method to enable HSTS is to configure the Strict-Transport-Security response header in the HTTPS website. The specific operations are: 1.Nginx adds the add_header directive in the server block; 2.Apache adds the header directive in the configuration file or .htaccess; 3.IIS adds customHeaders in web.config; it is necessary to ensure that the site fully supports HTTPS, parameters include max-age (valid period), includeSubDomains (subdomains are effective), preload (preload list), and the prereload is the prerequisite for submitting to the HSTSPreload list.

To configure Nginx's SSL/TLS service, you need to prepare the certificate and private key and set the relevant parameters in the serverblock. 1. Prepare the certificate file: Obtain the certificate in .crt or .pem format and the corresponding .key private key. You can use Let'sEncrypt or commercial organization to issue it, and merge the intermediate certificate into the bundle file; 2. Configure the serverblock: define listen443ssl, ssl_certificate path as /etc/ssl/example.com.crt, and ssl_certificate_key path as /etc/ssl/example.com.k in the site configuration file.

After modifying the Nginx configuration, you should first test the syntax and then reload the service. 1. Use nginx-t to check the configuration file syntax. If the prompt "syntaxisok" and "testissuccessful" are prompted, it means that it is correct; if there is an error, the specific problem line will be displayed. 2. If the configuration file permissions are high, you need to use sudonginx-t to execute. 3. Confirm that the test is actually loaded. You can specify the path through nginx-t-c/path/to/your/nginx.conf, or view the configuration file used by the main process through ps-ef|grepnginx. 4. After the test is passed, execute sudonginx-sreload overload service to make the new configuration take effect

The ^~ modifier is used in Nginx to prioritize the matching of the URL of the specified prefix and to prevent subsequent regular expressions from matching. When the requested URL begins with this prefix, Nginx will immediately adopt this block configuration and skip all regular expressions (location~ or location~*) checks, but does not require a complete exact match like =. 1. It is suitable for situations where specific path processing is required (such as static resources) and avoid being overwritten by regular rules; 2. It is often used to improve performance and ensure that certain rules are executed first; 3. Typical scenarios include service images, scripts, or internal API routing. Compared with other modifiers: 4. Normal prefix match will continue to check the regular; 5. Exact match will only apply to the full path; 6. Regular match will be in

TosetupanNginxserverblock,firstunderstanditsstructureusingtheserverdirectivewithsettingslikelisten,server_name,andlocation;next,createadirectorystructureforyoursitesuchas/var/www/example.com/htmlandsetproperpermissions;thenenabletheserverblockbycreat

The difference between Nginxreload and restart lies in whether the service is interrupted and how the configuration takes effect. 1.Restart will completely stop the Nginx process and restart, resulting in a short service interruption, which is suitable for major configuration changes or failure recovery; 2.Reload will apply the new configuration without stopping the service. The old process closes after processing the request, and the new process will take over immediately, which is suitable for production environments to avoid interruptions. When using reload, you should first test the configuration file syntax to ensure that it is correct and then execute. Restart is only used when global reset or process exceptions are suspected.

The easiest way to check for installed Nginx versions is to run the command in the terminal or in the shell. First, use the nginx-v or nginx-V command to view the basic version number or detailed information; if "commandnotfound" is prompted, it may not be installed correctly or is not in the system path. Secondly, on Linux systems, you can check the service status through systemctlstatusnginx to obtain version information. Finally, if you do not have command line access permissions, you can indirectly confirm the version through the server information panel, hosting provider documentation, or HTTP response headers (such as Server:nginx/1.22.1), but this method is limited by whether to enable server_token