Detailed explanation of the default value settings of Go language structure attributes

Go structures are an important way to organize data, but unlike some programming languages, Go does not allow setting default values ??for attributes directly in structure definitions. The following figure shows an example of the definition of the Go language structure:

For example, for the following structure:

 type Person struct {
    name string
    age int
    sex bool
    hobby []string
}

We cannot set default values ??for name , age , sex and hobby directly in Person structure definitions.

So, how to set default values ??for Go struct properties? The answer is to be implemented through constructors. We can create a function called NewPerson , which returns a Person structure instance and assigns a preset value to its properties:

 func NewPerson(name string, age int, sex bool, hobby []string) Person {
    return Person{
        name: name,
        age: age,
        sex: sex,
        hobby: hobby,
    }
}

By calling the NewPerson function, we can create a Person structure instance with a default value (or custom value):

 p := NewPerson("John Doe", 30, true, []string{"reading", "hiking"})

This method ensures that the structure instance has the desired initial state when created, effectively implementing the default value function. This is the same as setting the default value directly in the structure definition, but complies with the grammatical specifications of Go.

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