


How to fix 'SQLSTATE[HY000] [2002] Connection refused' Laravel error in GitHub Actions
Mar 06, 2025 am 02:29 AMGitHub Actions streamlines continuous integration (CI) for GitHub repositories. YAML workflow files automate tasks like testing and deployment. A common Laravel/MySQL CI snag is the "SQLSTATE[HY000] [2002] Connection refused" error, often cropping up during initial test migrations. This article explores three frequent causes and their solutions.
A Valid GitHub Actions Workflow (Example)
Before troubleshooting, let's examine a functional Laravel/MySQL GitHub Actions workflow:
name: Run tests on: [push] jobs: tests: name: Run tests runs-on: ubuntu-latest services: mysql: image: mysql:8 env: MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: password MYSQL_DATABASE: testing ports: - 3306:3306 options: --health-cmd="mysqladmin ping" --health-interval=10s --health-timeout=5s --health-retries=3 steps: - uses: actions/checkout@v4 with: fetch-depth: 1 - name: Setup PHP uses: shivammathur/setup-php@v2 with: php-version: 8.3 - name: Run composer install run: composer install -n --prefer-dist - name: Prepare Laravel Application run: | cp .env.ci .env php artisan key:generate - name: Run tests run: php artisan test
.env.ci
:
<code>DB_HOST=127.0.0.1 DB_PORT=3306 DB_DATABASE=testing DB_USERNAME=root DB_PASSWORD=password</code>
1. Incorrect MySQL Port
The most common culprit: mismatched port numbers. GitHub Actions assigns a random port to the service container's 3306
.
-
Dynamic Port: Access the assigned port using
${{ job.services.mysql.ports['3306'] }}
:
- name: Run tests run: php artisan test env: DB_PORT: ${{ job.services.mysql.ports['3306'] }}
-
Hardcoded Port: Explicitly define the port (e.g.,
33306
) in both the workflow and.env.ci
.
2. Missing MySQL Service
Overlooking the services
definition is a frequent oversight. The workflow above demonstrates the correct inclusion. Without it, the connection fails.
3. MySQL Unavailability
Even with a service defined, MySQL might not be immediately responsive. The options
parameter in the mysql
service definition is crucial:
options: --health-cmd="mysqladmin ping" --health-interval=10s --health-timeout=5s --health-retries=3
This ensures the workflow waits until MySQL is ready before proceeding. Without this, tests might run prematurely, resulting in the connection error.
Conclusion
This guide covers three key reasons for the "SQLSTATE[HY000] [2002] Connection refused" error in GitHub Actions Laravel/MySQL workflows. Addressing port mapping, service definition, and MySQL readiness ensures smoother CI processes. For production application stability, consider robust error monitoring tools like Honeybadger, which integrates well with Laravel.
The above is the detailed content of How to fix 'SQLSTATE[HY000] [2002] Connection refused' Laravel error in GitHub Actions. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!

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