Backend Development
Golang
Go vs Node.js vs PHP: Which Framework Outperforms the Other in Speed and Efficiency?
Go vs Node.js vs PHP: Which Framework Outperforms the Other in Speed and Efficiency?
Jan 21, 2025 am 12:07 AM
Comprehensive Performance Comparison of PHP, Go, and Node.js Frameworks
Data Source
The data for this performance comparison is sourced from https://www.techempower.com/benchmarks/#section=data-r18&hw=cl&test=query. This website provides rich and authoritative performance test data for different programming languages and frameworks, providing strong support for our analysis.
Analyzed Metrics
- JSON Serialization Serialized Response: Mainly measures the performance of the framework when serializing data into JSON format and returning the response. This process does not involve specific database operations, focusing on the framework's own data processing and output capabilities.
- Plaintext Simple Response: Tests the speed at which the framework returns a simple text response. Similarly, it does not involve database interaction and is used to evaluate the performance of the framework in the most basic HTTP response scenario. This scenario is common in the HTTP OPTIONS method. In function computing, the gateway can also respond to this request to save operating expenses.
- Single Query Single - line Query: Examines the performance of the framework in executing a single - line database query operation and returning the result. This involves the interaction efficiency between the framework and the database and the processing speed of the query result.
- Multiple Queries Multiple - line Query: Evaluates the performance of the framework when executing multiple database query operations. Compared with single - line queries, it can better test the framework's processing ability and resource management ability in complex data query scenarios.
- Data Updates Data Update: Analyzes the performance of the framework during data update operations, including aspects such as interaction with the database, data validation, and the execution efficiency of the update logic.
Analyzed Objects
Considered Solutions
- Node.js (Function Computing): Leveraging Node.js's event - driven and non - blocking I/O model, it has unique advantages in function computing scenarios. It can efficiently handle a large number of concurrent requests and shares common syntax with front - end development, facilitating front - end and back - end collaborative development.
- Go (Single - machine Deployment): The Go language is known for its high - performance concurrency and lightweight runtime environment. The single - machine deployment here does not only refer to one machine but is different from the "gateway function computing" deployment method, giving full play to the performance advantages of the Go language in an independent server environment.
Specific Applications
- echo (Go): A lightweight web framework in the Go language, it is simple to use, has high performance, and has good community support. In this performance comparison, it is analyzed as a typical application framework of the Go language.
- go - pgx - easyjson: This is a combination of pgx (a PostgreSQL driver library for the Go language) and easyjson (a library for efficient JSON serialization and deserialization), aiming to give full play to the performance advantages of the Go language in handling PostgreSQL databases and JSON data.
- nodejs - postgres (ORM): An application based on Node.js that uses ORM (Object - Relational Mapping) technology to operate the PostgreSQL database. ORM technology can simplify database operations and improve development efficiency but may have a certain impact on performance.
- php (nginx): As a widely used server - side scripting language, PHP is often used in conjunction with the nginx server. Nginx, as a high - performance HTTP and reverse - proxy server, can work in coordination with PHP to efficiently complete network tasks.
- php - pgsql - raw (nginx): This is a way to directly operate the PostgreSQL database using PHP's native pgsql extension in the nginx server environment. Compared with using frameworks such as ORM, this native operation method may have higher performance in some scenarios.
- lumen (nginx, ORM, MySQL): Lumen is a lightweight PHP framework based on Laravel, combined with the nginx server, ORM technology, and the MySQL database. While providing convenient development functions, its performance compared with other frameworks also needs to be considered.
In this analysis, the PHP PostgreSQL combination was not seen, and most combinations with Golang were with PostgreSQL, which reflects some preferences and characteristics of different languages in database selection and application scenarios.
Analysis Overview
- Rust vs. C, C : The Rust language performs extremely well in terms of performance, even exceeding the traditional high - performance languages C and C . This benefits from Rust's memory - safety mechanism, efficient compilation optimization, and full utilization of underlying hardware resources.
- Java Performance and Popularity: The Java language also shows relatively fast performance, but it is currently unclear about the popularity of these Java frameworks in actual applications. Java is widely used in many large - scale projects due to its rich class libraries, strong enterprise - level development support, and good cross - platform nature, but the popularity of frameworks may vary in different fields and scenarios.
- PHP Performance Analysis: The overall performance of native PHP is not slow, but when used in combination with frameworks, the performance drops significantly. This is mainly because some frameworks, while providing convenient development functions, introduce more intermediate layers and abstract concepts, increasing the complexity and operating overhead of the system.
- Go vs. Node.js Performance Comparison: In terms of data request processing performance, Go is faster than Node.js. Although the test shows that the performance of Go is more than 3 times that of Node.js, part of the performance loss comes from the use of ORM. The performance of writing native Go code is basically the same as using the echo framework, indicating that the echo framework has well maintained the high - performance characteristics of the Go language in its design.
Analysis Details
JSON Serialization Serialized Response
| Framework | Performance |
|---|---|
| echo | 32.8% |
| go | 31.9% |
| go - pgx - easyjson | 31.4% |
| nodejs | 23.6% |
| php | 12.5% |
| lumen | 1.1% |
In terms of JSON serialization response performance, the Go - language - related frameworks and applications perform well. echo, go, and go - pgx - easyjson rank at the top of the performance list, which benefits from the Go language's efficient JSON processing libraries and optimized memory management mechanisms. The performance of Node.js is at a medium level, while the performance of PHP and lumen is relatively low, reflecting that there is still room for improvement in their JSON serialization processing efficiency.
Plaintext Simple Response
| Framework | Performance |
|---|---|
| fasthttp | 65.3% |
| nodejs | 7.9% |
| go | 6.4% |
| echo | 5.2% |
| lumen | 0.1% |
In the simple text response test, fasthttp stands out with extremely high performance. Surprisingly, Go is slower than Node.js in this section. However, when Go switches to the fasthttp third - party library, its performance soars. This shows that the Go language itself has strong performance potential, and by reasonably choosing and using third - party libraries, its performance in specific scenarios can be significantly improved. The performance of lumen in this test is extremely low and needs further optimization.
Single Query Single - line Query
| Framework | Performance |
|---|---|
| echo | 46.2% |
| go - pgx - easyjson | 43.1% |
| nodejs - postgres | 13.8% |
| php - pgsql - raw | 13.8% |
| lumen | 1.5% |
In the single - line query performance test, echo and go - pgx - easyjson once again show good performance, with high efficiency in interacting with the database and returning single - line query results. The performance of nodejs - postgres and php - pgsql - raw is comparable and at a medium level, while the performance of lumen is relatively poor, possibly due to the complexity of its framework and the use of ORM, which leads to a decline in query performance.
Multiple Queries Multiple - line Query
| Framework | Performance |
|---|---|
| go - pgx - easyjson | 47.8% |
| echo | 44.3% |
| php - pgsql - raw | 30.0% |
| nodejs - postgres | 14.4% |
| lumen | 8.1% |
In the multiple - line query scenario, go - pgx - easyjson and echo still perform well and can efficiently handle multiple database query operations. The performance of php - pgsql - raw is also considerable, exceeding that of nodejs - postgres. Although the performance of lumen has improved, there is still a large gap compared with other excellent - performing frameworks.
Data Updates Data Update
| Framework | Performance |
|---|---|
| go - pgx - easyjson | 35.4% |
| echo | 31.8% |
| php - pgsql - raw | 20.4% |
| nodejs - postgres | 8.2% |
| lumen | 6.9% |
In the data update performance test, go - pgx - easyjson and echo perform leadingly and can quickly complete data update operations. The performance of php - pgsql - raw is at a medium level, while the data update performance of nodejs - postgres and lumen is relatively low, which may be related to their database operation methods and framework implementation mechanisms.
Summary
- Single - machine Deployment Solution Selection: If the single - machine deployment method is adopted, using echo as the basic framework is a good choice. echo has good community support, and developers can easily obtain various resources and assistance. At the same time, its simple and easy - to - use characteristics can also reduce development costs and the learning curve, and it performs well in terms of performance, meeting the needs of most single - machine deployment scenarios.
- echo vs. fasthttp Selection: If the echo framework has been decided to be used, it is not recommended to consider fasthttp anymore. Although echo supported fasthttp in version 2, the author of echo explained the reasons for giving up in https://github.com/labstack/echo/issues/665, mainly to maintain the simplicity of the framework and community compatibility, and to use the standard library as much as possible. This enables echo to better integrate with the community ecosystem while maintaining high performance.
- Function Computing Solution Selection: For function computing scenarios, Node.js is a good choice. It has acceptable performance, can meet the requirements for concurrent processing and response speed in function computing. At the same time, the common syntax of Node.js and the front - end enables front - end and back - end developers to collaborate more easily, reducing communication costs and development difficulties caused by differences in technology stacks.
- PHP Performance and Application Analysis: Judging from the above performance tests, the performance of PHP itself is not a big problem, but its standard library is too old. In actual development, frameworks must be used to improve development efficiency. However, the use of ordinary frameworks will lead to a sharp decline in performance. And due to historical reasons, PHP needs to be combined with Nginx to efficiently complete network tasks, which makes the single - machine deployment steps relatively more, increasing the complexity of deployment and maintenance. When choosing to use PHP for development, multiple factors such as performance, development efficiency, and deployment costs need to be comprehensively considered, and a reasonable decision should be made according to specific application scenarios and requirements.
Leapcell: The Best Serverless Platform for Web Hosting
Finally, I would like to recommend the best platform for deploying web services: Leapcell
1. Multi - Language Support
- Develop with JavaScript, Python, Go, or Rust.
2. Deploy unlimited projects for free
- Pay only for usage — no requests, no charges.
3. Unbeatable Cost Efficiency
- Pay - as - you - go with no idle charges.
- Example: $25 supports 6.94M requests at a 60ms average response time.
4. Streamlined Developer Experience
- Intuitive UI for effortless setup.
- Fully automated CI/CD pipelines and GitOps integration.
- Real - time metrics and logging for actionable insights.
5. Effortless Scalability and High Performance
- Auto - scaling to handle high concurrency with ease.
- Zero operational overhead — just focus on building.
Explore more in the documentation!
Leapcell Twitter: https://x.com/LeapcellHQ
The above is the detailed content of Go vs Node.js vs PHP: Which Framework Outperforms the Other in Speed and Efficiency?. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!
Hot AI Tools
Undress AI Tool
Undress images for free
Undresser.AI Undress
AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos
AI Clothes Remover
Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.
Clothoff.io
AI clothes remover
Video Face Swap
Swap faces in any video effortlessly with our completely free AI face swap tool!
Hot Article
Hot Tools
Notepad++7.3.1
Easy-to-use and free code editor
SublimeText3 Chinese version
Chinese version, very easy to use
Zend Studio 13.0.1
Powerful PHP integrated development environment
Dreamweaver CS6
Visual web development tools
SublimeText3 Mac version
God-level code editing software (SublimeText3)
Hot Topics
What are the implications of Go's static linking by default?
Jun 19, 2025 am 01:08 AM
Go compiles the program into a standalone binary by default, the main reason is static linking. 1. Simpler deployment: no additional installation of dependency libraries, can be run directly across Linux distributions; 2. Larger binary size: Including all dependencies causes file size to increase, but can be optimized through building flags or compression tools; 3. Higher predictability and security: avoid risks brought about by changes in external library versions and enhance stability; 4. Limited operation flexibility: cannot hot update of shared libraries, and recompile and deployment are required to fix dependency vulnerabilities. These features make Go suitable for CLI tools, microservices and other scenarios, but trade-offs are needed in environments where storage is restricted or relies on centralized management.
How does Go ensure memory safety without manual memory management like in C?
Jun 19, 2025 am 01:11 AM
Goensuresmemorysafetywithoutmanualmanagementthroughautomaticgarbagecollection,nopointerarithmetic,safeconcurrency,andruntimechecks.First,Go’sgarbagecollectorautomaticallyreclaimsunusedmemory,preventingleaksanddanglingpointers.Second,itdisallowspointe
How do I create a buffered channel in Go? (e.g., make(chan int, 10))
Jun 20, 2025 am 01:07 AM
To create a buffer channel in Go, just specify the capacity parameters in the make function. The buffer channel allows the sending operation to temporarily store data when there is no receiver, as long as the specified capacity is not exceeded. For example, ch:=make(chanint,10) creates a buffer channel that can store up to 10 integer values; unlike unbuffered channels, data will not be blocked immediately when sending, but the data will be temporarily stored in the buffer until it is taken away by the receiver; when using it, please note: 1. The capacity setting should be reasonable to avoid memory waste or frequent blocking; 2. The buffer needs to prevent memory problems from being accumulated indefinitely in the buffer; 3. The signal can be passed by the chanstruct{} type to save resources; common scenarios include controlling the number of concurrency, producer-consumer models and differentiation
How can you use Go for system programming tasks?
Jun 19, 2025 am 01:10 AM
Go is ideal for system programming because it combines the performance of compiled languages ??such as C with the ease of use and security of modern languages. 1. In terms of file and directory operations, Go's os package supports creation, deletion, renaming and checking whether files and directories exist. Use os.ReadFile to read the entire file in one line of code, which is suitable for writing backup scripts or log processing tools; 2. In terms of process management, the exec.Command function of the os/exec package can execute external commands, capture output, set environment variables, redirect input and output flows, and control process life cycles, which are suitable for automation tools and deployment scripts; 3. In terms of network and concurrency, the net package supports TCP/UDP programming, DNS query and original sets.
How do I call a method on a struct instance in Go?
Jun 24, 2025 pm 03:17 PM
In Go language, calling a structure method requires first defining the structure and the method that binds the receiver, and accessing it using a point number. After defining the structure Rectangle, the method can be declared through the value receiver or the pointer receiver; 1. Use the value receiver such as func(rRectangle)Area()int and directly call it through rect.Area(); 2. If you need to modify the structure, use the pointer receiver such as func(r*Rectangle)SetWidth(...), and Go will automatically handle the conversion of pointers and values; 3. When embedding the structure, the method of embedded structure will be improved, and it can be called directly through the outer structure; 4. Go does not need to force use getter/setter,
What are interfaces in Go, and how do I define them?
Jun 22, 2025 pm 03:41 PM
In Go, an interface is a type that defines behavior without specifying implementation. An interface consists of method signatures, and any type that implements these methods automatically satisfy the interface. For example, if you define a Speaker interface that contains the Speak() method, all types that implement the method can be considered Speaker. Interfaces are suitable for writing common functions, abstract implementation details, and using mock objects in testing. Defining an interface uses the interface keyword and lists method signatures, without explicitly declaring the type to implement the interface. Common use cases include logs, formatting, abstractions of different databases or services, and notification systems. For example, both Dog and Robot types can implement Speak methods and pass them to the same Anno
How do I use string functions from the strings package in Go? (e.g., len(), strings.Contains(), strings.Index(), strings.ReplaceAll())
Jun 20, 2025 am 01:06 AM
In Go language, string operations are mainly implemented through strings package and built-in functions. 1.strings.Contains() is used to determine whether a string contains a substring and returns a Boolean value; 2.strings.Index() can find the location where the substring appears for the first time, and if it does not exist, it returns -1; 3.strings.ReplaceAll() can replace all matching substrings, and can also control the number of replacements through strings.Replace(); 4.len() function is used to obtain the length of the bytes of the string, but when processing Unicode, you need to pay attention to the difference between characters and bytes. These functions are often used in scenarios such as data filtering, text parsing, and string processing.
How do I use the io package to work with input and output streams in Go?
Jun 20, 2025 am 11:25 AM
TheGoiopackageprovidesinterfaceslikeReaderandWritertohandleI/Ooperationsuniformlyacrosssources.1.io.Reader'sReadmethodenablesreadingfromvarioussourcessuchasfilesorHTTPresponses.2.io.Writer'sWritemethodfacilitateswritingtodestinationslikestandardoutpu
