Using Multiple Databases in Laravel
Laravel's versatility extends to handling multiple databases simultaneously. Follow these steps to accomplish this:
Defining Connections
Use .env >= 5.0:
DB_CONNECTION=mysql DB_HOST=127.0.0.1 DB_PORT=3306 DB_DATABASE=mysql_database DB_USERNAME=root DB_PASSWORD=secret DB_CONNECTION_PGSQL=pgsql DB_HOST_PGSQL=127.0.0.1 DB_PORT_PGSQL=5432 DB_DATABASE_PGSQL=pgsql_database DB_USERNAME_PGSQL=root DB_PASSWORD_PGSQL=secret
In config/database.php:
'mysql' => [
'driver' => env('DB_CONNECTION'),
'host' => env('DB_HOST'),
'port' => env('DB_PORT'),
'database' => env('DB_DATABASE'),
'username' => env('DB_USERNAME'),
'password' => env('DB_PASSWORD'),
],
'pgsql' => [
'driver' => env('DB_CONNECTION_PGSQL'),
'host' => env('DB_HOST_PGSQL'),
'port' => env('DB_PORT_PGSQL'),
'database' => env('DB_DATABASE_PGSQL'),
'username' => env('DB_USERNAME_PGSQL'),
'password' => env('DB_PASSWORD_PGSQL'),
],
Without .env <= 4.0:
In app/config/database.php:
return array(
'default' => 'mysql',
'connections' => array(
# Primary/Default database connection
'mysql' => array(
'driver' => 'mysql',
'host' => '127.0.0.1',
'database' => 'mysql_database',
'username' => 'root',
'password' => 'secret'
'charset' => 'utf8',
'collation' => 'utf8_unicode_ci',
'prefix' => '',
),
# Secondary database connection
'pgsql' => [
'driver' => 'pgsql',
'host' => 'localhost',
'port' => '5432',
'database' => 'pgsql_database',
'username' => 'root',
'password' => 'secret',
'charset' => 'utf8',
'prefix' => '',
'schema' => 'public',
]
),
);</p>
<p><strong>Schema / Migration</strong></p>
<p>Specify the connection using the connection() method:</p>
<pre class="brush:php;toolbar:false">Schema::connection('pgsql')->create('some_table', function($table)
{
$table->increments('id'):
});
Or, define a connection at the top:
protected $connection = 'pgsql';
Query Builder
$users = DB::connection('pgsql')->select(...);
Model
(Laravel >= 5.0)
Set the $connection variable in your model:
class ModelName extends Model { // extend changed
protected $connection = 'pgsql';
}
(Laravel <= 4.0)
class SomeModel extends Eloquent {
protected $connection = 'pgsql';
}Eloquent
Transaction Mode
DB::transaction(function () {
DB::connection('mysql')->table('users')->update(['name' => 'John']);
DB::connection('pgsql')->table('orders')->update(['status' => 'shipped']);
});</p>
<p>or</p>
<pre class="brush:php;toolbar:false">DB::connection('mysql')->beginTransaction();
try {
DB::connection('mysql')->table('users')->update(['name' => 'John']);
DB::connection('pgsql')->beginTransaction();
DB::connection('pgsql')->table('orders')->update(['status' => 'shipped']);
DB::connection('pgsql')->commit();
DB::connection('mysql')->commit();
} catch (\Exception $e) {
DB::connection('mysql')->rollBack();
DB::connection('pgsql')->rollBack();
throw $e;
}
You can also specify the connection at runtime:
class SomeController extends BaseController {
public function someMethod()
{
$someModel = new SomeModel;
$someModel->setConnection('pgsql'); // non-static method
$something = $someModel->find(1);
$something = SomeModel::on('pgsql')->find(1); // static method
return $something;
}
}
Relationship Considerations
Establishing relationships across databases is possible but requires careful handling. It relies on the specific database and settings used.
The above is the detailed content of How Can I Use Multiple Databases in Laravel?. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!
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