


Why Does Percentage-Based Vertical Padding Fail, and How Can I Use Percentage Heights for Vertical Alignment in CSS?
Dec 11, 2024 pm 08:17 PMHow to Control Padding and Margin Using Percentage of Parent Container Height
In CSS, controlling vertical alignment can be achieved using the padding-top property. However, setting this property as a percentage of the parent container's width instead of height can lead to undesirable behavior.
Original Attempt:
.base { background-color: green; width: 200px; height: 200px; overflow: auto; position: relative; } .vert-align { padding-top: 50%; height: 50%; }
Unexpected Behavior:
When changing the width of the .base container, the vertical alignment snapped, even though padding-top was set as a percentage. This is because vertical padding and margin are calculated as a percentage of the parent container's width.
Solution:
Instead of using padding-top, use the top property to control vertical alignment. top is calculated as a percentage of the parent container's height.
.base { background-color: green; width: 200px; height: 200px; overflow: auto; position: relative; } .vert-align { position: absolute; top: 50%; }
This nested div structure places a child div inside the parent container and aligns it vertically:
<div class="base"> <div class="vert-align"> Content Here </div> </div>
By using top instead of padding-top, the child div is positioned 50% down from the top of its parent container, regardless of its width. This ensures vertical alignment even when the parent's width changes.
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