


How Can I Safely Create Directories with UTF-8 Filenames in PHP?
Dec 06, 2024 am 09:06 AMUtilizing PHP Filesystem Functions with UTF-8 Strings
In PHP, handling UTF-8 strings while working with filesystem functions can pose challenges. Consider the following scenario:
$dir_name = "Depósito"; mkdir($dir_name);
In this example, an attempt is made to create a folder named "Depósito." However, when viewed in Windows Explorer, the folder's name appears as "Dep?3sito," with non-UTF-8 characters distorted.
Solution: Urlencoding UTF-8 Strings
To resolve this issue, the recommended approach is to urlencode the string before using it with filesystem functions. Urlencoding ensures that all characters are converted into a valid format.
$dir_name_encoded = urlencode("Depósito"); mkdir($dir_name_encoded);
By urlencoding the string, the non-UTF-8 characters are converted into their encoded counterparts, allowing the folder to be created with the correct name.
Considerations
While urlencoding is an effective solution, it introduces some considerations:
- The encoded filename must not exceed 255 characters.
- If multiple UTF-8 representations exist for a character (e.g., using combining characters), normalization may be necessary for consistency.
- Alphabetical sorting using standard functions requires decoding the filenames and using UTF-8 aware sorting algorithms.
Alternative Solutions (Less Desirable)
Other less desirable solutions include:
- ISO-8859-1 Compatibility: Limit filename characters to those that can be represented in ISO-8859-1. Use utf8_decode() to convert UTF-8 strings before using them with filesystem functions and utf8_encode() to convert the file entries returned by scandir.
Caveats:
- This method may fail if any non-ASCII bytes are present in the filename.
- Windows may use different encodings in different locales, requiring the use of more complex conversion functions.
Transliteration:
In cases where UTF-8 compatibility is essential, consider using transliteration to convert non-ASCII characters into equivalent ASCII characters that are compatible with the target filesystem.
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