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How Can I Safely Truncate Multibyte Strings in PHP While Preserving Word Boundaries?
How Can I Safely Truncate Multibyte Strings in PHP While Preserving Word Boundaries?
Dec 04, 2024 am 05:41 AM
Truncating Multibyte Strings in PHP
In PHP, truncating multibyte strings can be a complex task. This article addresses the challenge of truncating such strings to a specified number of characters, considering both multibyte character encoding and word boundaries.
To achieve this, one approach involves using PHP's built-in mb_strimwidth() function, which allows for the truncation of strings with specified widths. However, this function does not take into account word boundaries.
Custom Implementation for Truncation
A custom implementation can be created to handle both multibyte character encoding and word boundaries:
- Calculate Truncation Length: Subtract the length of the terminator string from the maximum number of characters to truncate.
- Validate String Length: Check if the input string is longer than the calculated truncation length; otherwise, return it unaltered.
- Find Word Boundary: Use mb_strrpos() to search for the last space character in the string below the truncation length.
- Cut String: If a word boundary is found, truncate the string at that point; otherwise, truncate at the calculated truncation length.
- Append Terminator: Add the terminator string to the truncated string.
- Return Truncated String: Output the truncated and appended string.
Example Usage:
function truncate($string, $chars = 50, $terminator = ' …') {
// Calculate truncation length
$trunc_len = $chars - strlen($terminator);
// Validate string length
if (strlen($string) <= $trunc_len) {
return $string;
}
// Find word boundary
$space_pos = mb_strrpos($string, ' ', -$trunc_len);
// Cut string
if ($space_pos !== false) {
$truncated_string = mb_substr($string, 0, $space_pos);
} else {
$truncated_string = mb_strimwidth($string, 0, $trunc_len);
}
// Append terminator
return $truncated_string . $terminator;
}
This function can be used to truncate multibyte strings, considering both character encoding and word boundaries. It provides a straightforward and robust solution for this common PHP task.
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